Serum thyroglobulin autoantibodies: prevalence, influence on serum thyroglobulin measurement, and prognostic significance in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma.
Carole A. Spencer,M Takeuchi,M. Kazarosyan,C. C. Wang,Richard B. Guttler,Peter Singer,Shireen Fatemi,Jonathan S. LoPresti,John T. Nicoloff +8 more
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TLDR
The RIA method used in this study provided more clinically appropriate serum Tg values in the group of TgAb-positive patients with metastatic DTC and may be an additional clinically useful tumor marker parameter for following T gAb- positive patients.Abstract:
The prevalence of circulating thyroid autoantibodies (TgAb or antithyroid peroxidase) was increased nearly 3-fold in patients with differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC) compared with the general population (40% vs. 14%, respectively). Serum TgAb (with or without antithyroid peroxidase) was present in 25% of DTC patients and 10% of the general population. Serial postsurgical serum TgAb and serum Tg patterns correlated with the presence or absence of disease. Measurements of serum Tg were made in 87 TgAb-positive sera by a RIA and two immunometric assay (IMA) methods to study TgAb interference. TgAb interference, defined as a significant intermethod discordance (>41.7% coefficient of variation) between the Tg RIA and Tg IMA values relative to TgAb-negative sera, was found in 69% of the TgAb-positive sera. TgAb interference was characterized by higher Tg RIA vs. IMA values and was, in general, more frequent and severe in sera containing high TgAb concentrations. However, some sera displayed marked interference when serum TgAb was low (1-2 IU/mL), whereas other sera with very high TgAb values (>1000 IU/mL) displayed no interference. An agglutination method was found to be too insensitive to detect low TgAb concentrations (1-10 IU/mL) causing interference. Exogenous Tg recovery tests were an unreliable means for detecting TgAb interference. Specifically, the exogenous Tg recovered varied with the type and amount of Tg added and the duration of incubation employed. Further, recoveries of more than 80% were found for some sera displaying gross serum RIA/IMA discordances. The measurement of serum Tg in DTC patients with circulating TgAb is currently problematic. It is important to use a Tg method that provides measurements that are concordant with tumor status. IMA methods are prone to underestimate serum when TgAb is present, increasing the risk that persistent or metastatic DTC will be missed. The RIA method used in this study provided more clinically appropriate serum Tg values in the group of TgAb-positive patients with metastatic DTC. Furthermore, as serial serum TgAb measurements paralleled serial serum Tg RIA measurements, TgAb concentrations may be an additional clinically useful tumor marker parameter for following TgAb-positive patients. Disparities between serial serum Tg and TgAb measurements might alert the physician to the possibility of TgAb interference with the serum Tg measurement and prompt a more cautious use of such data for clinical decision-making.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Autoimmunity in differentiated thyroid cancer: Significance and related clinical problems
TL;DR: It is concluded that thyroid cancer does coexist with thyroid autoimmunity, implying that patients treated for autoimmune thyroid diseases should have a careful follow-up, and the presence of thyroglobulin antibodies in patients with DTC may limit the use of serum thyrogLobulin as a tumor marker.
Journal Article
Is Empiric 131I Therapy Justified for Patients with Positive Thyroglobulin and Negative 131I Whole-Body Scanning Results?
Chao Ma,Jiawei Xie,Anren Kuang +2 more
TL;DR: A decrease in Tg levels was achieved in 63% of DTC patients with Tg+ DWBS-, suggesting that 131I therapy does have a therapeutic effect when the Tg level is considered an index of tumor burden.
Journal ArticleDOI
Thyroglobulin: a specific serum marker for the management of thyroid carcinoma.
TL;DR: Measurement of thyroglobulin mRNA to detect circulating tumor cells may help to overcome some of the limitations of current protein-detection methods; serum thyrogLobulin will continue to remain the "gold standard."
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of thyroglobulin epitopes in patients with autoimmune and non-autoimmune thyroid diseases using recombinant human monoclonal thyroglobulin autoantibodies
Francesco Latrofa,Debora Ricci,Lucia Grasso,Paolo Vitti,Lucio Masserini,Fulvio Basolo,Clara Ugolini,G. Mascia,Antonio Lucacchini,Aldo Pinchera +9 more
TL;DR: The pattern of Tg recognition is similar when HT patients are compared to GD and NTMG to PTC patients and differs when AITD are compared with non-AITD patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Can LC and LC-MS ever replace immunoassays?
Timothy G. Cross,Martin Hornshaw +1 more
TL;DR: This review is not intended as a summary of research and development of immunoassays and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry but rather as a brief summary of the pros and cons of each technology applied to the quantitative measurement of biomolecules primarily in biofluids.
References
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Long-Term Results of Treatment of 283 Patients with Lung and Bone Metastases from Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma
M. Schlumberger,M. Tubiana,F. de Vathaire,Catherine Hill,P. Gardet,Jean-Paul Travagli,Philippe Fragu,Jean Lumbroso,Bernard Caillou,Claude Parmentier +9 more
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TL;DR: The data support the thesis that in differentiated thyroid carcinoma serum thyroglobulin levels are elevated when metastases develop after initial treatment and represent a simple and valuable adjunct in the posttreatment follow up of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.
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Thyroglobulin measurement. Techniques, clinical benefits, and pitfalls.
TL;DR: Physicians need to consider a number of factors before selecting a laboratory to perform Tg measurements in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma, including assay sensitivity, as judged by the discrimination between lower limit of the euthyroid range and the functional sensitivity limit, as well as assay specificity, especially with respect to serum TgAb interference.
Journal ArticleDOI
The correlation between papillary thyroid carcinoma and lymphocytic infiltration in the thyroid gland
Sunao Matsubayashi,Keisuke Kawai,Y. Matsumoto,T. Mukuta,Tetsuya Morita,K Hirai,Fumio Matsuzuka,K.-I. Kakudoh,Kanji Kuma,Hajime Tamai +9 more
TL;DR: Lymphocytic infiltration surrounding the tumor or inside the tumor in PTC might be of use as a means for predicting a favorable prognosis and class II or class III patients with no lymphocytic infiltrate had a high rate of recurrence.
Journal ArticleDOI
Current status and performance goals for serum thyroglobulin assays.
TL;DR: Optimal performance goals are recommended for manufacturers developing and laboratories and physicians selecting a serum Tg method to use for serial long-term monitoring of thyroid cancer patients.
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