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Short-term effects of biochar on soil heavy metal mobility are controlled by intra-particle diffusion and soil pH increase
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In this paper, the effects of biochar on the mobility of metals in soils are investigated, focusing on a possible kinetic limitation by transport in biochar particles, the evolution of the biochar mineral phases, and the effect of bio char on soil pH.Abstract:
Summary
Biochar, the solid product of biomass pyrolysis, can be used as a soil amendment to stabilize metals in contaminated soils. The effects of biochar on the mobility of metals in soils are, however, poorly understood. To identify the predominant processes, we focused on (i) a possible kinetic limitation by transport in biochar particles, (ii) the evolution of biochar mineral phases and (iii) the effect of biochar on soil pH. Batch experiments were conducted to measure the sorption kinetics of copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) and the sorption-desorption isotherms for lead (Pb), Cu, Cd, zinc (Zn) and Ni in a wood-derived biochar. Sorption data were then compared with extraction test results using biochar with one acidic and one basic soil contaminated by Zn, Cd and Pb. Kinetic results showed that biochar particle sizes controlled metal sorption rate despite a similar specific surface area, which indicated a limitation by intra-particle diffusion. Isotherms showed a partially reversible sorption to biochar following the order Pb > Cu > Cd ≥ Zn > Ni, which we explained primarily by the (co)precipitation of metals or their adsorption on specific biochar mineral phases. Effective metal immobilization was observed with biochar in both contaminated soils but could not be predicted from the sorption isotherms. This immobilization appeared to be governed by the soil pH increase, which induced a greater retention of metals on soil particles. Short-term effects of biochar on contaminated soils may therefore be controlled by diffusion in biochar particles and by soil alkalinization processes.read more
Citations
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The influence of particle size and feedstock of biochar on the accumulation of Cd, Zn, Pb, and As by Brassica chinensis L.
TL;DR: It is indicated that biochar addition could potentially decrease Cd, Zn, Pb, and As accumulations in B. chinensis L., and simultaneously increase its yield.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mitigating cadmium accumulation in greenhouse lettuce production using biochar
TL;DR: Investigation of the influence of rice straw biochar on soil cadmium availability and accumulation in lettuce highlighted the potential for RSB to mitigate the phytoaccumulation of Cd and thereby to reduce human exposure from vegetable consumption.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effect of coexisting Al(III) ions on Pb(II) sorption on biochars: Role of pH buffer and competition
TL;DR: Application of these two biochars as amendments confirmed that the mineral-rich SB550 was more suitable for Pb(II) immobilization in acidic soils with high levels of extractable Al(III).
Journal ArticleDOI
Application of artificial neural network model for the identification the effect of municipal waste compost and biochar on phytoremediation of contaminated soils
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used artificial neural network (ANN) to assess the potential of Bromus tomentellus for phytoremediation with biochar and municipal waste compost amendments to improve the clean-up efficiency of soils contaminated with chromium (Cr) and zinc (Zn).
Journal ArticleDOI
Immobilisation of metals in a contaminated soil with biochar-compost mixtures and inorganic additives: 2-year greenhouse and field experiments
Jasmin Karer,Franz Zehetner,Gerald Dunst,Jakob Fessl,Mario Wagner,Markus Puschenreiter,Māra Stapkēviča,Wolfgang Friesl-Hanl,Gerhard Soja +8 more
TL;DR: This study confirmed that Miscanthus is an efficient metal excluder, corroborating its suitability for the production of renewable biomass on metal-contaminated soils.
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Journal ArticleDOI
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