Journal ArticleDOI
Soft biological materials and their impact on cell function
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TLDR
Biocompatible synthetic materials already have many applications, but combining chemical compatibility with physiologically appropriate mechanical properties will increase their potential for use both as implants and as substrates for tissue engineering.Abstract:
Most organs and biological tissues are soft viscoelastic materials with elastic moduli ranging from on the order of 100 Pa for the brain to 100 000 Pa for soft cartilage. Biocompatible synthetic materials already have many applications, but combining chemical compatibility with physiologically appropriate mechanical properties will increase their potential for use both as implants and as substrates for tissue engineering. Understanding and controlling mechanical properties, specifically softness, is important for appropriate physiological function in numerous contexts. The mechanical properties of the substrate on which, or within which, cells are placed can have as large an impact as chemical stimuli on cell morphology, differentiation, motility, and commitment to live or die.read more
Citations
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Kidney decellularized extracellular matrix hydrogels: Rheological characterization and human glomerular endothelial cell response to encapsulation
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that porcine kidney dECM can be processed to form hydrogels suitable for cell culture and encapsulation studies and gene expression analysis revealed significantly lower expression of several relevant genes of interest compared to those encapsulated within hydrogel composed of only purified collagen I.
Journal ArticleDOI
Micro- and macrorheology of jellyfish extracellular matrix
TL;DR: Adult jellyfish was locally stiffer than in juvenile ones and this stiffening is a consequence of local aggregations of fibers occurring gradually during aging of the jellyfish mesoglea and is enhanced by repetitive muscular contractions of the Jellyfish.
Journal ArticleDOI
Glass-like dynamics in the cell and in cellular collectives
Monirosadat Sadati,Amir Nourhani,Jeffrey J. Fredberg,Nader Taheri Qazvini,Nader Taheri Qazvini +4 more
TL;DR: Although a quantitative relationship between intra‐ and intercellular dynamics is still lacking, glassy dynamics and jamming offer insights linking the mechanobiology of cell to human physiology and pathophysiology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Influence of Flow Behavior of Alginate-Cell Suspensions on Cell Viability and Proliferation.
TL;DR: In this article, the flow behavior of the biomaterial solutions that encapsulate living cells in this process plays an important role, and the authors used a rheometer to examine the flow behaviour of alginate solution and alginates-Schwann cell (RSC96), alginately-fibroblast cell (NIH-3T3), and Alginate-skeletal muscle cell (L8) suspensions during shearing with respect to effects on cell viability and proliferation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hyaluronan scaffolds via diglycidyl ether crosslinking: toward improvements in composition and performance.
Annalisa La Gatta,Chiara Schiraldi,Agata Papa,Antonella D’Agostino,Marcella Cammarota,Alfredo De Rosa,Mario De Rosa +6 more
TL;DR: In vitro characterization outcomes propose the hydrogels as promising substrates for soft tissues regeneration as well as insoluble, directly structured and potentially applicable scaffolds with the lower content of crosslinker reported to date.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Tissue Cells Feel and Respond to the Stiffness of Their Substrate
TL;DR: An understanding of how tissue cells—including fibroblasts, myocytes, neurons, and other cell types—sense matrix stiffness is just emerging with quantitative studies of cells adhering to gels with which elasticity can be tuned to approximate that of tissues.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tensional homeostasis and the malignant phenotype.
Matthew J. Paszek,Nastaran Zahir,Kandice R. Johnson,Johnathon N. Lakins,Gabriela I. Rozenberg,Amit Gefen,Cynthia A. Reinhart-King,Susan S. Margulies,Micah Dembo,David Boettiger,Daniel A. Hammer,Valerie M. Weaver +11 more
TL;DR: It is found that tumors are rigid because they have a stiff stroma and elevated Rho-dependent cytoskeletal tension that drives focal adhesions, disrupts adherens junctions, perturbs tissue polarity, enhances growth, and hinders lumen formation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cell locomotion and focal adhesions are regulated by substrate flexibility
Robert J. Pelham,Yu-li Wang +1 more
TL;DR: The ability of cells to survey the mechanical properties of their surrounding environment is demonstrated and the possible involvement of both protein tyrosine phosphorylation and myosin-generated cortical forces in this process is suggested.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of substrate stiffness on cell morphology, cytoskeletal structure, and adhesion
Tony Yeung,Penelope C. Georges,Lisa A. Flanagan,Beatrice Marg,Miguelina Ortiz,Makoto Funaki,Nastaran Zahir,Wenyu Ming,Valerie M. Weaver,Paul A. Janmey,Paul A. Janmey +10 more
TL;DR: The hypothesis that mechanical factors impact different cell types in fundamentally different ways, and can trigger specific changes similar to those stimulated by soluble ligands, is supported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Local force and geometry sensing regulate cell functions.
Viola Vogel,Michael P. Sheetz +1 more
TL;DR: Tissue scaffolds that have been engineered at the micro- and nanoscale level now enable better dissection of the mechanosensing, transduction and response mechanisms of eukaryotic cells.
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