Journal ArticleDOI
Spacetime constraints
Andrew Witkin,Michael Kass +1 more
- pp 159-168
TLDR
This work presents as examples a Luxo lamp performing a variety of coordinated motions that conform to such principles of traditional animation as anticipation, squash-and-stretch, follow-through, and timing.Abstract:
Spacetime constraints are a new method for creating character animation. The animator specifies what the character has to do, for instance, "jump from here to there, clearing a hurdle in between;" how the motion should be performed, for instance "don't waste energy," or "come down hard enough to splatter whatever you land on;" the character's physical structure---the geometry, mass, connectivity, etc. of the parts; and the physical resources' available to the character to accomplish the motion, for instance the character's muscles, a floor to push off from, etc. The requirements contained in this description, together with Newton's laws, comprise a problem of constrained optimization. The solution to this problem is a physically valid motion satisfying the "what" constraints and optimizing the "how" criteria. We present as examples a Luxo lamp performing a variety of coordinated motions. These realistic motions conform to such principles of traditional animation as anticipation, squash-and-stretch, follow-through, and timing.read more
Citations
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Proceedings ArticleDOI
Retargetting motion to new characters
TL;DR: In this article, a spacetime constraints solver computes an adapted motion that re-establishes these constraints while preserving the frequency characteristics of the original signal, and demonstrate their approach on motion capture data.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Motion signal processing
Armin Bruderlin,Lance Williams +1 more
TL;DR: Multiresolution motion filtering, multitarget motion interpolation with dynamic timewarping, waveshaping and motion displacement mapping are introduced, complementary to keyframing, motion capture, and procedural animation.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Animating human athletics
TL;DR: Algorithm for the animation of male and female models performing three dynamic athletic behaviors: running, bicycling, and vaulting using control algorithms that cause a physically realistic model to perform the desired maneuver.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Motion warping
Andrew Witkin,Zoran Popović +1 more
TL;DR: It is shown that whole families of realistic motions can be derived from a single captured motion sequence using only a few keyframes to specify the motion warp.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Interactive motion generation from examples
Okan Arikan,David Forsyth +1 more
TL;DR: This paper presents a framework that generates human motions by cutting and pasting motion capture data and can easily synthesize multiple motions that interact with each other using constraints, allowing a variety of choices for the animator.
References
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Book ChapterDOI
Stochastic Optimal Control
TL;DR: In the long history of mathematics, stochastic optimal control is a rather recent development using Bellman's Principle of Optimality along with measure-theoretic and functional-analytic methods.
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Stochastic Optimal Control: Theory and Application
TL;DR: The Mathematics of Control and Estimation Optimal Trajectories and Neighboring-Optimal Solutions Optimal State Estimation Stochastic Optimal Control Linear Multivariable Control Epilogue Index.
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A modeling system based on dynamic constraints
Ronen Barzel,Alan H. Barr +1 more
TL;DR: This work presents "dynamic constraints," a physically-based technique for constraint-based control of computer graphics models, using dynamic constraints to build objects by specifying geometric constraints; the models assemble themselves as the elements move to satisfy the constraints.
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Robot Motion: Planning and Control
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present nineteen papers of fundamental importance to the development of a science of robotics, grouped in five sections: Dynamics; Trajectory Planning; Compliance and Force Control; Feedback Control; and Spatial Planning.