Journal ArticleDOI
Spacetime constraints
Andrew Witkin,Michael Kass +1 more
- pp 159-168
TLDR
This work presents as examples a Luxo lamp performing a variety of coordinated motions that conform to such principles of traditional animation as anticipation, squash-and-stretch, follow-through, and timing.Abstract:
Spacetime constraints are a new method for creating character animation. The animator specifies what the character has to do, for instance, "jump from here to there, clearing a hurdle in between;" how the motion should be performed, for instance "don't waste energy," or "come down hard enough to splatter whatever you land on;" the character's physical structure---the geometry, mass, connectivity, etc. of the parts; and the physical resources' available to the character to accomplish the motion, for instance the character's muscles, a floor to push off from, etc. The requirements contained in this description, together with Newton's laws, comprise a problem of constrained optimization. The solution to this problem is a physically valid motion satisfying the "what" constraints and optimizing the "how" criteria. We present as examples a Luxo lamp performing a variety of coordinated motions. These realistic motions conform to such principles of traditional animation as anticipation, squash-and-stretch, follow-through, and timing.read more
Citations
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Book ChapterDOI
A New Interface Paradigm for Motion Capture Based Animation Systems
Fernando Wagner Serpa Vieira Da Silva,Fernando Wagner Serpa Vieira Da Silva,Luiz Velho,Paulo Roma Cavalcanti,Jonas Gomes +4 more
TL;DR: A new user interface paradigm is proposed, providing intuitive and efficient ways to visualize the main motion capture concepts and operations, and supported by a flexible architecture suitable to work with the motion capture methodology.
Dissertation
Synthesis of Music Performances: Virtual Character Animation as a Controller of Sound Synthesis
TL;DR: Le systeme de synthese propose dans ce travail met en oeuvre l'animation physique d'un percussionniste virtuel capable of controler des processus de Synthese sonore avec un modele physique de timbale.
Journal IssueDOI
Motion adaptation based on character shape
TL;DR: This paper presents a method considering the actual shape of the character's body to perform the adaptation, and introduces an interpolation scheme based on radial basis functions that can blend pre-calculated adaptations, and thus achieve real-time performances.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Space-time sculpting of liquid animation
TL;DR: In contrast to the trial-and-error loop usually required to edit animation results through the tuning of indirect simulation parameters, the proposed interactive sculpting system gives the user full control over the edited space-time behaviors.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Practical character physics for animators
Ari Shapiro,Sung-Hee Lee +1 more
TL;DR: An interactive system that helps animators create physically plausible character motions is demonstrated, which shows that from 10 to 16 percent of the shots of a character-heavy feature film will incorporate ballistic motions that the system might improve.
References
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Proceedings ArticleDOI
Elastically deformable models
TL;DR: The description of shape and the description of motion are unified and differential equations that model the behavior of non-rigid curves, surfaces, and solids as a function of time are constructed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Review of pseudoinverse control for use with kinematically redundant manipulators
Charles A. Klein,C.-H. Huang +1 more
TL;DR: Kinematically redundant manipulators have a number of potential advantages over current manipulator designs and velocity control through pseudoinverses is suggested for this type of arm.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Principles of traditional animation applied to 3D computer animation
TL;DR: The basic principles of traditional 2D hand drawn animation and their application to 3D computer animation are described and how these principles evolved is described.