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Open AccessProceedings ArticleDOI

The Cityscapes Dataset for Semantic Urban Scene Understanding

TLDR
This work introduces Cityscapes, a benchmark suite and large-scale dataset to train and test approaches for pixel-level and instance-level semantic labeling, and exceeds previous attempts in terms of dataset size, annotation richness, scene variability, and complexity.
Abstract
Visual understanding of complex urban street scenes is an enabling factor for a wide range of applications. Object detection has benefited enormously from large-scale datasets, especially in the context of deep learning. For semantic urban scene understanding, however, no current dataset adequately captures the complexity of real-world urban scenes. To address this, we introduce Cityscapes, a benchmark suite and large-scale dataset to train and test approaches for pixel-level and instance-level semantic labeling. Cityscapes is comprised of a large, diverse set of stereo video sequences recorded in streets from 50 different cities. 5000 of these images have high quality pixel-level annotations, 20 000 additional images have coarse annotations to enable methods that leverage large volumes of weakly-labeled data. Crucially, our effort exceeds previous attempts in terms of dataset size, annotation richness, scene variability, and complexity. Our accompanying empirical study provides an in-depth analysis of the dataset characteristics, as well as a performance evaluation of several state-of-the-art approaches based on our benchmark.

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Citations
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Proceedings ArticleDOI

Adapting Object Detectors via Selective Cross-Domain Alignment

TL;DR: The key idea is to mine the discriminative regions, namely those that are directly pertinent to object detection, and focus on aligning them across both domains, and perform remarkably better than existing methods.
Book ChapterDOI

Contrastive Learning for Unpaired Image-to-Image Translation

TL;DR: In contrastive learning as discussed by the authors, two elements (corresponding patches) are mapped to a similar point in a learned feature space, relative to other elements in the dataset, referred to as negatives.
Journal ArticleDOI

Augmented Reality Meets Computer Vision: Efficient Data Generation for Urban Driving Scenes

TL;DR: This work proposes an alternative paradigm which combines real and synthetic data for learning semantic instance segmentation and object detection models, and introduces a novel dataset of augmented urban driving scenes with 360 degree images that are used as environment maps to create realistic lighting and reflections on rendered objects.
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Repulsion Loss: Detecting Pedestrians in a Crowd.

TL;DR: This paper first explores how a state-of-the-art pedestrian detector is harmed by crowd occlusion via experimentation, and proposes a novel bounding box regression loss specifically designed for crowd scenes, termed repulsion loss.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

TensorMask: A Foundation for Dense Object Segmentation

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the tensor view leads to large gains over baselines that ignore this structure, and leads to results comparable to Mask R-CNN, suggesting that TensorMask can serve as a foundation for novel advances in dense mask prediction and a more complete understanding of the task.
References
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Proceedings Article

ImageNet Classification with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

TL;DR: The state-of-the-art performance of CNNs was achieved by Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) as discussed by the authors, which consists of five convolutional layers, some of which are followed by max-pooling layers, and three fully-connected layers with a final 1000-way softmax.
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Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Image Recognition

TL;DR: This work investigates the effect of the convolutional network depth on its accuracy in the large-scale image recognition setting using an architecture with very small convolution filters, which shows that a significant improvement on the prior-art configurations can be achieved by pushing the depth to 16-19 weight layers.
Proceedings Article

Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Image Recognition

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the effect of the convolutional network depth on its accuracy in the large-scale image recognition setting and showed that a significant improvement on the prior-art configurations can be achieved by pushing the depth to 16-19 layers.
Journal ArticleDOI

Deep learning

TL;DR: Deep learning is making major advances in solving problems that have resisted the best attempts of the artificial intelligence community for many years, and will have many more successes in the near future because it requires very little engineering by hand and can easily take advantage of increases in the amount of available computation and data.
Journal ArticleDOI

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TL;DR: The ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC) as mentioned in this paper is a benchmark in object category classification and detection on hundreds of object categories and millions of images, which has been run annually from 2010 to present, attracting participation from more than fifty institutions.
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What is city scene understanding?

City scene understanding involves pixel-level and instance-level semantic labeling in urban environments. The Cityscapes dataset provides a benchmark for training and testing approaches in this area.