Journal ArticleDOI
The Convergence of Synthetic Organic and Polymer Chemistries
TLDR
Polymer synthesis methods now being developed will yield well-defined synthetic macromolecules that are capable of mimicking many of the features of proteins and other natural materials.Abstract:
Several recent conceptual advances, which take advantage of the design criteria and practical techniques of molecular-level control in organic chemistry, allow preparation of well-defined polymers and nanostructured materials Two trends are clear: the realization that synthesis of complex macromolecules poses major challenges and opportunities and the expectation that such materials will exhibit distinctive properties and functions Polymer synthesis methods now being developed will yield well-defined synthetic macromolecules that are capable of mimicking many of the features of proteins (for example, three-dimensional folded structure) and other natural materials These macromolecules have far-reaching potential for the study of molecular-level behavior at interfaces, in thin films, and in solution, while also enabling the development of encapsulation, drug-delivery, and nanoscale-patterning technologiesread more
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Cu-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition.
TL;DR: The basis for the unique properties and rate enhancement for triazole formation under Cu(1) catalysis should be found in the high ∆G of the reaction in combination with the low character of polarity of the dipole of the noncatalyzed thermal reaction, which leads to a considerable activation barrier.
Journal ArticleDOI
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP): Current Status and Future Perspectives
TL;DR: The current status and future perspectives in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) are presented in this paper, with a special emphasis on mechanistic understanding of ATRP, recent synthetic and process development, and new controlled polymer architectures enabled by ATRP.
Journal ArticleDOI
The development of microgels/nanogels for drug delivery applications
TL;DR: This review describes the recent developments of microgel/nanogel particles as drug delivery carriers for biological and biomedical applications, including stability for prolonged circulation in the blood stream, novel functionality for further bioconjugation, and biodegradability for sustained release of drugs for a desired period of time.
Journal ArticleDOI
1,3‐Dipolar Cycloadditions of Azides and Alkynes: A Universal Ligation Tool in Polymer and Materials Science
TL;DR: The Minireview discusses whether click chemistry is a miracle tool or an ephemeral trend, and the number of publications dealing with click chemistry has grown exponentially over the last two years.
Journal ArticleDOI
Design of polymeric nanoparticles for biomedical delivery applications
TL;DR: This tutorial review highlights the importance of well-defined chemistries, with detailed ties to specific biological hurdles and opportunities, in the design of nanostructures for various biomedical delivery applications.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A stepwise huisgen cycloaddition process: copper(I)-catalyzed regioselective "ligation" of azides and terminal alkynes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantum Dots for Live Cells, in Vivo Imaging, and Diagnostics
Xavier Michalet,Fabien Pinaud,Laurent A. Bentolila,James M. Tsay,Sören Doose,J. Jack Li,Gobalakrishnan Sundaresan,Anna M. Wu,Sanjiv S. Gambhir,Sanjiv S. Gambhir,Shimon Weiss +10 more
TL;DR: The new generations of qdots have far-reaching potential for the study of intracellular processes at the single-molecule level, high-resolution cellular imaging, long-term in vivo observation of cell trafficking, tumor targeting, and diagnostics.
Journal ArticleDOI
Immunofluorescent labeling of cancer marker Her2 and other cellular targets with semiconductor quantum dots
Xingyong Wu,Hongjian Liu,Jianquan Liu,Kari Haley,Joseph A. Treadway,J. Peter Larson,Nianfeng Ge,Frank Peale,Marcel P. Bruchez +8 more
TL;DR: Using QDs linked to immunoglobulin G and streptavidin to label the breast cancer marker Her2, to stain actin and microtubule fibers in the cytoplasm, and to detect nuclear antigens inside the nucleus indicate that QD-based probes can be very effective in cellular imaging and offer substantial advantages over organic dyes in multiplex target detection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Water-Soluble Quantum Dots for Multiphoton Fluorescence Imaging in Vivo
Daniel R. Larson,Warren R. Zipfel,Rebecca M. Williams,S. W. Clark,Marcel P. Bruchez,Frank W. Wise,Watt W. Webb +6 more
TL;DR: This work characterized water-soluble cadmium selenide–zinc sulfide quantum dots for multiphoton imaging in live animals and found no evidence of blinking (fluorescence intermittency) in solution on nanosecond to millisecond time scales.
Journal ArticleDOI
Discovery of dendrimers and dendritic polymers: A brief historical perspective*
TL;DR: A brief historical perspective relating the discovery of dendrimers and other dendritic polymers is presented in this paper, with anecdotal events leading to implications for dendrilers in the emerging science of nanotechnology.