The Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment-A Plan for Integrated, Large Fire-Atmosphere Field Campaigns.
Susan J. Prichard,N. Sim Larkin,Roger D. Ottmar,Nancy H. F. French,Kirk R. Baker,Timothy J. Brown,Craig B. Clements,Matthew B. Dickinson,Andrew T. Hudak,Adam K. Kochanski,R. Linn,Yongqiang Liu,Brian E. Potter,William Mell,Danielle Tanzer,Shawn Urbanski,Adam C. Watts +16 more
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TLDR
The FASMEE study provides a template for additional large-scale experimental campaigns to advance fire science and operational fire and smoke models and provides an overview of the proposed experiment and recommendations for key measurements.Abstract:
The Fire and Smoke Model Evaluation Experiment (FASMEE) is designed to collect integrated observations from large wildland fires and provide evaluation datasets for new models and operational systems. Wildland fire, smoke dispersion, and atmospheric chemistry models have become more sophisticated, and next-generation operational models will require evaluation datasets that are coordinated and comprehensive for their evaluation and advancement. Integrated measurements are required, including ground-based observations of fuels and fire behavior, estimates of fire-emitted heat and emissions fluxes, and observations of near-source micrometeorology, plume properties, smoke dispersion, and atmospheric chemistry. To address these requirements the FASMEE campaign design includes a study plan to guide the suite of required measurements in forested sites representative of many prescribed burning programs in the southeastern United States and increasingly common high-intensity fires in the western United States. Here we provide an overview of the proposed experiment and recommendations for key measurements. The FASMEE study provides a template for additional large-scale experimental campaigns to advance fire science and operational fire and smoke models.read more
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Wildfire and prescribed burning impacts on air quality in the United States.
Daniel A. Jaffe,Susan O'Neill,Narasimhan K. Larkin,Amara L. Holder,David L. Peterson,Jessica E. Halofsky,Ana G. Rappold +6 more
TL;DR: Air quality impacts from wildfires have been dramatic in recent years, with millions of people exposed to elevated and sometimes hazardous fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) concentrations for exten...
Journal ArticleDOI
Fire Behaviour and Smoke Modelling: Model Improvement and Measurement Needs for Next-generation Smoke Research and Forecasting Systems
Yongqiang Liu,Adam K. Kochanski,Kirk R. Baker,William Mell,Rodman R. Linn,Ronan Paugam,Jan Mandel,Aimé Fournier,Mary Ann Jenkins,Scott L. Goodrick,Gary L. Achtemeier,Fengjun Zhao,Roger D. Ottmar,Nancy H. F. French,Narasimhan K. Larkin,Timothy J. Brown,Andrew T. Hudak,Matthew B. Dickinson,Brian E. Potter,Craig B. Clements,Shawn Urbanski,Susan J. Prichard,Adam C. Watts,Derek McNamara +23 more
TL;DR: This review paper presents simulations and experiments of hypothetical prescribed burns with a suite of selected fire behavior and smoke models and identifies major issues for model improvement and the most critical observational needs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impacts of post-harvest open biomass burning and burning ban policy on severe haze in the Northeastern China
TL;DR: The burning ban enforced in 2018 is estimated to have caused the PM2.5 concentrations to decrease from the 2015 level by 67.10%, 53.23%, and 10.06% in the Heilongjiang, Jilin, and Liaoning provinces respectively.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modeling Wildfire Smoke Feedback Mechanisms Using a Coupled Fire-Atmosphere Model With a Radiatively Active Aerosol Scheme
Adam K. Kochanski,Derek V. Mallia,Matthew G. Fearon,Jan Mandel,Amir Hossein Souri,Timothy J. Brown +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined wildfire smoke-induced inversion episodes across Northern California were examined using a modeling framework that couples an atmospheric, chemical, and fire spread model, showing that wildfire smoke reduced incoming solar radiation during the afternoon, which lead to local surface cooling by up to 3 °C, which agrees with cooling observed at nearby surface stations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Towards spatially explicit quantification of pre- and postfire fuels and fuel consumption from traditional and point cloud measurements
Andrew T. Hudak,Akira Kato,Benjamin C. Bright,E. Louise Loudermilk,Christie Hawley,Joseph C. Restaino,Roger D. Ottmar,Gabriel Atticciati Prata,Carlos Cabo,Susan J. Prichard,Eric M. Rowell,David R. Weise +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a novel approach to characterize shrubs non-destructively from 3D point cloud data collected with a terrestrial laser scanner was used to quantify sparkleberry (Vaccinium arboretum Marshall) shrub fuels before and after six experimental prescribed fires at Fort Jackson in South Carolina.
References
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NOAA’s HYSPLIT Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Modeling System
TL;DR: The Hybrid Single Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory model (HYSPLIT) as mentioned in this paper is one of the most widely used models for atmospheric trajectory and dispersion calculations.
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BEHAVE : Fire Behavior Prediction and Fuel Modeling System -- FUEL Subsystem
TL;DR: The FUELS subsysterl of BEHAVE as mentioned in this paper contains programs that will enable fire managers to assemble fuel models and test their performance before releasing them for operational use.
Journal ArticleDOI
A physics-based approach to modelling grassland fires
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the development of a three-dimensional, fully transient, physics-based computer simulation approach for modelling fire spread through surface fuels and compare the results from Australian experiments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ozone production from wildfires: A critical review
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