The 'invisible hand': regulation of RHO GTPases by RHOGDIs.
TLDR
The invisible hand can be used to describe the RHO-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RHOGDI) family, which operates in the background, as an invisible hand, using similar forces to regulate the R HO GTPase cycle.Abstract:
The 'invisible hand' is a term originally coined by Adam Smith in The Theory of Moral Sentiments to describe the forces of self-interest, competition and supply and demand that regulate the resources in society This metaphor continues to be used by economists to describe the self-regulating nature of a market economy The same metaphor can be used to describe the RHO-specific guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (RHOGDI) family, which operates in the background, as an invisible hand, using similar forces to regulate the RHO GTPase cycleread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of Small GTPases by GEFs, GAPs, and GDIs
TL;DR: An overview of the current knowledge of the many facets of small GTPase regulation is presented, including multilayered autoinhibition with stepwise release, feedback loops mediated by the activated GTPases, feed-forward signaling flow between regulators and effectors, and a phosphorylation code for RhoGDIs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ragulator Is a GEF for the Rag GTPases that Signal Amino Acid Levels to mTORC1
TL;DR: Mechanistic insight is provided into how mTORC1 senses amino acids by identifying Ragulator as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the Rag GTPases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulating Rho GTPases and their regulators
Richard G. Hodge,Anne J. Ridley +1 more
TL;DR: It has become apparent that Rho GTPases are regulated by post-translational modifications and the formation of specific protein complexes, in addition to GTP–GDP cycling.
Journal ArticleDOI
Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors: regulators of Rho GTPase activity in development and disease
TL;DR: The role of Dbl RhoGEFs in development and disease is summarized, with a focus on Ect2 (epithelial cell transforming squence 2), Tiam1 (T-cell lymphoma invasion and metastasis 1), Vav and P-Rex1/2 (PtdIns(3, 4,5)P3 (phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-triphosphate)-dependent Rac exchanger).
Journal ArticleDOI
Rho GTPases: Regulation and roles in cancer cell biology
Raquel B. Haga,Anne J. Ridley +1 more
TL;DR: In a few cancers, RhoA or Rac1 are mutated, but in most cancers expression levels and/or activity of Rho GTPases is altered, and RHo GTPase signaling could therefore be therapeutically targeted in cancer treatment.
References
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Rho GTPases: Biochemistry and Biology
Aron B. Jaffe,Alan Hall +1 more
TL;DR: This review presents the best characterized of these biochemical pathways that control some of the most fundamental processes of cell biology common to all eukaryotes, including morphogenesis, polarity, movement, and cell division.
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Gene-expression profiles to predict distant metastasis of lymph-node-negative primary breast cancer.
Yixin Wang,Jan Klijn,Yi Zhang,Anieta M. Sieuwerts,Maxime P. Look,Fei Yang,Dmitri Talantov,Mieke Timmermans,Marion E. Meijer-van Gelder,Jack X. Yu,Tim Jatkoe,Els M.J.J. Berns,David Atkins,John A. Foekens +13 more
TL;DR: The ability to identify patients who have a favourable prognosis could, after independent confirmation, allow clinicians to avoid adjuvant systemic therapy or to choose less aggressive therapeutic options.
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Rho and Rac Take Center Stage
TL;DR: This work will describe how the activity of Rho proteins is regulated downstream from growth factor receptors and cell adhesion molecules by guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase activating proteins.
Journal ArticleDOI
Regulation of the small GTP‐binding protein Rho by cell adhesion and the cytoskeleton
TL;DR: The results show that ECM, cytoskeletal structures and soluble factors all contribute to regulation of Rho activity, and both cytochalasin D and colchicine trigger Rho activation despite their opposite effects on stress fibers and focal adhesions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Differential Localization of Rho Gtpases in Live Cells Regulation by Hypervariable Regions and Rhogdi Binding
David Michaelson,Joseph Silletti,Gretchen A. Murphy,Peter D'Eustachio,Mark G. Rush,Mark R. Philips +5 more
TL;DR: Despite the common essential feature of the CAAX (prenylation, AAX tripeptide proteolysis, and carboxyl methylation) motif, the subcellular localizations of Rho GTPases are diverse and dynamic.
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