The n‐dimensional hypervolume
Benjamin Blonder,Benjamin Blonder,Benjamin Blonder,Christine Lamanna,Christine Lamanna,Cyrille Violle,Brian J. Enquist,Brian J. Enquist,Brian J. Enquist +8 more
TLDR
This work highlights the conceptual and computational issues that have prevented a more direct approach to measuring hypervolumes and presents a new multivariate kernel density estimation method that resolves many of these problems in an arbitrary number of dimensions.Abstract:
Aim
The Hutchinsonian hypervolume is the conceptual foundation for many lines of ecological and evolutionary inquiry, including functional morphology, comparative biology, community ecology and niche theory. However, extant methods to sample from hypervolumes or measure their geometry perform poorly on high-dimensional or holey datasets.
Innovation
We first highlight the conceptual and computational issues that have prevented a more direct approach to measuring hypervolumes. Next, we present a new multivariate kernel density estimation method that resolves many of these problems in an arbitrary number of dimensions.
Main conclusions
We show that our method (implemented as the ‘hypervolume’ R package) can match several extant methods for hypervolume geometry and species distribution modelling. Tools to quantify high-dimensional ecological hypervolumes will enable a wide range of fundamental descriptive, inferential and comparative questions to be addressed.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The global spectrum of plant form and function
Sandra Díaz,Jens Kattge,Johannes H. C. Cornelissen,Ian J. Wright,Sandra Lavorel,Stéphane Dray,Björn Reu,Björn Reu,Michael Kleyer,Christian Wirth,I. Colin Prentice,I. Colin Prentice,Eric Garnier,Gerhard Bönisch,Mark Westoby,Hendrik Poorter,Peter B. Reich,Peter B. Reich,Angela T. Moles,John B. Dickie,Andrew N. Gillison,Amy E. Zanne,Amy E. Zanne,Jérôme Chave,S. Joseph Wright,Serge N. Sheremetev,Hervé Jactel,Hervé Jactel,Christopher Baraloto,Christopher Baraloto,Bruno Enrico Leone Cerabolini,Simon Pierce,Bill Shipley,Don Kirkup,Fernando Casanoves,Julia Joswig,Angela Günther,Valeria Falczuk,Nadja Rüger,Miguel D. Mahecha,Lucas D. Gorné +40 more
TL;DR: Analysis of worldwide variation in six major traits critical to growth, survival and reproduction within the largest sample of vascular plant species ever compiled found that occupancy of six-dimensional trait space is strongly concentrated, indicating coordination and trade-offs.
Journal ArticleDOI
ecospat: an R package to support spatial analyses and modeling of species niches and distributions
Valeria Di Cola,Olivier Broennimann,Blaise Petitpierre,Frank T. Breiner,Manuela D'Amen,Christophe F. Randin,Robin Engler,Julien Pottier,Dorothea V. Pio,Anne Dubuis,Loïc Pellissier,Rubén G. Mateo,Wim Hordijk,Nicolas Salamin,Antoine Guisan +14 more
TL;DR: The aim of the ecospat package is to make available novel tools and methods to support spatial analyses and modeling of species niches and distributions in a coherent workflow and stimulate the use of comprehensive approaches in spatial modelling of species and community distributions.
Journal ArticleDOI
The emergence and promise of functional biogeography
Cyrille Violle,Peter B. Reich,Peter B. Reich,Stephen W. Pacala,Brian J. Enquist,Brian J. Enquist,Jens Kattge +6 more
TL;DR: It is shown how functional biogeography bridges species-basedBiogeography and earth science to provide ideas and tools to help explain gradients in multifaceted diversity (including species, functional, and phylogenetic diversities), predict ecosystem functioning and services worldwide, and infuse regional and global conservation programs with a functional basis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional trait space and the latitudinal diversity gradient.
Christine Lamanna,Benjamin Blonder,Benjamin Blonder,Cyrille Violle,Nathan J. B. Kraft,Brody Sandel,Irena Šímová,John C. Donoghue,Jens-Christian Svenning,Brian J. McGill,Brad Boyle,Vanessa Buzzard,Steven B. Dolins,Peter M. Jørgensen,Aaron Marcuse-Kubitza,Naia Morueta-Holme,Robert K. Peet,William H. Piel,James Regetz,Mark Schildhauer,Nick Spencer,Barbara M. Thiers,Susan K. Wiser,Brian J. Enquist +23 more
TL;DR: A conceptual framework for testing theories for the latitudinal gradient of species richness in terms of variation in functional diversity at the alpha, beta, and gamma scales is presented and suggests that multiple processes have shaped trait diversity in trees, reflecting no consistent support for any one theory.
Journal ArticleDOI
Traits Without Borders: Integrating Functional Diversity Across Scales
Carlos P. Carmona,Francesco de Bello,Francesco de Bello,Norman W. H. Mason,Jan Lepš,Jan Lepš +5 more
TL;DR: This novel approach could revolutionize FD-based research by allowing quantification of the various FD components from organismal to macroecological scales, and allowing seamless transitions between scales.
References
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Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas.
Robert J. Hijmans,Susan E. Cameron,Susan E. Cameron,Juan L. Parra,Peter G. Jones,Andy Jarvis +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas (excluding Antarctica) at a spatial resolution of 30 arc s (often referred to as 1-km spatial resolution).
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Density estimation for statistics and data analysis
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Novel methods improve prediction of species' distributions from occurrence data
Jane Elith,Catherine H. Graham,Robert P. Anderson,Miroslav Dudík,Simon Ferrier,Antoine Guisan,Robert J. Hijmans,Falk Huettmann,John R. Leathwick,Anthony Lehmann,Jin Li,Lúcia G. Lohmann,Bette A. Loiselle,Glenn Manion,Craig Moritz,Miguel Nakamura,Yoshinori Nakazawa,Jacob C. M. Mc Overton,A. Townsend Peterson,Steven J. Phillips,Karen Richardson,Ricardo Scachetti-Pereira,Robert E. Schapire,Jorge Soberón,Stephen E. Williams,Mary S. Wisz,Niklaus E. Zimmermann +26 more
TL;DR: This work compared 16 modelling methods over 226 species from 6 regions of the world, creating the most comprehensive set of model comparisons to date and found that presence-only data were effective for modelling species' distributions for many species and regions.
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Resource competition and community structure
TL;DR: This book builds a mechanistic, resource-based explanation of the structure and functioning of ecological communities and explores such problems as the evolution of "super species," the differences between plant and animal community diversity patterns, and the cause of plant succession.
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The global spectrum of plant form and function
Sandra Díaz,Jens Kattge,Johannes H. C. Cornelissen,Ian J. Wright,Sandra Lavorel,Stéphane Dray,Björn Reu,Björn Reu,Michael Kleyer,Christian Wirth,I. Colin Prentice,I. Colin Prentice,Eric Garnier,Gerhard Bönisch,Mark Westoby,Hendrik Poorter,Peter B. Reich,Peter B. Reich,Angela T. Moles,John B. Dickie,Andrew N. Gillison,Amy E. Zanne,Amy E. Zanne,Jérôme Chave,S. Joseph Wright,Serge N. Sheremetev,Hervé Jactel,Hervé Jactel,Christopher Baraloto,Christopher Baraloto,Bruno Enrico Leone Cerabolini,Simon Pierce,Bill Shipley,Don Kirkup,Fernando Casanoves,Julia Joswig,Angela Günther,Valeria Falczuk,Nadja Rüger,Miguel D. Mahecha,Lucas D. Gorné +40 more