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The occurrence of emerging trace organic chemicals in wastewater effluents in Saudi Arabia

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TLDR
Results from this study provide a good foundation in deciding whether advanced treatment is necessary to attenuate TOrC deemed to be of concern in effluents, or if natural treatment such as managed aquifer recharge provides sufficient protection to public health.
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This article is published in Science of The Total Environment.The article was published on 2014-04-15. It has received 76 citations till now.

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An investigation into the occurrence and removal of pharmaceuticals in Colombian wastewater

TL;DR: Data on the occurrence of pharmaceuticals reported in this paper are the basis for current studies that aim to develop efficient systems for the degradation/removal of these compounds from the aquatic environment.
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Selection of organic process and source indicator substances for the anthropogenically influenced water cycle

TL;DR: Functional indicators are proposed that allow assessment of the proper function of natural and technical barriers in the aquatic environment, namely conventional municipal wastewater treatment, advanced treatment (ozonation, activated carbon), bank filtration and soil aquifer treatment as well as self-purification in surface water.
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Occurrence of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in effluent-dominated Saudi Arabian coastal waters of the Red Sea

TL;DR: Levels and distribution profile of the detected PPCPs revealed high level release rates and give raise to concern on potential environmental risks associated with the here document long term exposure on the fragile coastal marine environment of the region but particularly in the nearby protected coral reef environment outside the harbour region of Jeddah.
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Pharmaceuticals, pesticides, personal care products and microplastics contamination assessment of Al-Hassa irrigation network (Saudi Arabia) and its shallow lakes

TL;DR: The presence of pharmaceutical and personal care products and pesticides in different environmental compartments and microplastics in water of a characteristic lagoon wetland in Saudi Arabia is established to establish the transport, accumulation and fate of these pollutants in a water-stressed area under high anthropogenic pressure.
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Investigating the removal of some pharmaceutical compounds in hospital wastewater treatment plants operating in Saudi Arabia

TL;DR: Of particular interest were the high removal efficiencies of carbamazepine and antibiotics that were achieved by the HWWTPs; these compounds have been reported to be relatively recalcitrant to biological treatment and are generally only partially removed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Occurrence of drugs in German sewage treatment plants and rivers

Thomas A. Ternes
- 01 Nov 1998 - 
TL;DR: In this article, the occurrence of 32 drug residues belonging to different medicinal classes like antiphlogistics, lipid regulators, psychiatric drugs, antiepileptic drugs, betablockers and β 2 -sympathomimetics as well as five metabolites has been investigated in German municipal sewage treatment plant (STP) discharges, river and stream waters.
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Occurrence, fate, and removal of pharmaceutical residues in the aquatic environment: a review of recent research data

TL;DR: Several PhACs from various prescription classes have been found at concentrations up to the microg/l-level in sewage influent and effluent samples and also in several surface waters located downstream from municipal sewage treatment plants (STPs).
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Occurrence of pharmaceutical compounds in urban wastewater: Removal, mass load and environmental risk after a secondary treatment—A review

TL;DR: This analysis shows that the highest amounts discharged through secondary effluent pertain to one antihypertensive, and several beta-blockers and analgesics/anti-inflammatories, while the highest risk is posed by antibiotics and several psychiatric drugs and analgesic/ anti- inflammatories.
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Carbamazepine and diclofenac: removal in wastewater treatment plants and occurrence in water bodies.

TL;DR: The ecotoxicological studies of both drugs imply that they do not easily cause acute toxic effects at their environmental concentrations, however their chronic effects need cautious attention.
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The occurrence of antibiotics in an urban watershed: from wastewater to drinking water.

TL;DR: Investigation within watersheds of South-East Queensland, Australia found the presence of 28 antibiotics in three hospital effluents, five wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), six rivers and a drinking water storage catchment was investigated, with further evidence that WWTPs are an important source of antibiotics to streams.
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