The self-stirred genome: large-scale chromatin dynamics, its biophysical origins and implications
TLDR
Activity of nuclear enzymes was found to drive the coherent chromatin dynamics, however, its biological nature and physical mechanism remain to be revealed.About:
This article is published in Current Opinion in Genetics & Development.The article was published on 2020-04-01 and is currently open access. It has received 23 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Chromatin.read more
Citations
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Long-Range Directional Movement of an Interphase Chromosome Site Dependent on Actin and Nuclear Myosin
TL;DR: The results suggest an active mechanism for fast and directed long-range interphase chromosome movements dependent directly or indirectly on actin/myosin.
Journal Article
Real-time dynamics of RNA Polymerase II clustering in live human cells
TL;DR: Rickman et al. as discussed by the authors developed a quantitative single-cell approach to characterize protein spatiotemporal organization, with single-molecule sensitivity in live eukaryotic cells.
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The rich inner life of the cell nucleus: dynamic organization, active flows, and emergent rheology
TL;DR: It is proposed that the nucleus presents a highly heterogeneous and dynamic environment with diverse functionality and its biophysical complexity can be organized around three inter-related and interactive facets: heterogeneity, activity, and rheology.
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Multiscale modeling of genome organization with maximum entropy optimization.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the progress that has been made in modeling the human genome and conclude with an outlook on the opportunities and challenges in studying chromosome dynamics, and provide insight into the principles of whole-genome organization and enable de novo predictions of chromosome structures from epigenetic modifications.
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Interphase Chromatin Undergoes a Local Sol-Gel Transition upon Cell Differentiation
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the chromatin distribution and dynamics in embryonic stem cells in vivo before and after differentiation and found that undifferentiated chromatin is less compact, more homogeneous, and more dynamic than differentiated chromatin.
References
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Liquid droplet formation by HP1α suggests a role for phase separation in heterochromatin
Adam G. Larson,Daniel Elnatan,Madeline M. Keenen,Michael J. Trnka,Jonathan B. Johnston,Alma L. Burlingame,David A. Agard,Sy Redding,Geeta J. Narlikar +8 more
TL;DR: It is shown by direct protein delivery into mammalian cells that an HP1 α mutant incapable of phase separation in vitro forms smaller and fewer nuclear puncta than phosphorylated HP1α, suggesting that heterochromatin-mediated gene silencing may occur in part through sequestration of compacted chromatin in phase-separated HP1 droplets, which are dissolved or formed by specific ligands on the basis of nuclear context.
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High mobility of proteins in the mammalian cell nucleus
Robert D. Phair,Tom Misteli +1 more
TL;DR: It is shown that many nuclear proteins roam the cell nucleus in vivo and that nuclear compartments are the reflection of the steady-state association/dissociation of its ‘residents’ with the nucleoplasmic space.
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The Human Genome Project: Lessons from Large-Scale Biology
TL;DR: The Human Genome Project has been the first major foray of the biological and medical research communities into “big science” and many of the lessons learned will be applicable to future large-scale projects in biology.
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Exploring the three-dimensional organization of genomes: interpreting chromatin interaction data
TL;DR: Several types of statistical and computational approaches that have recently been developed to analyse chromatin interaction data are described.
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