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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

The worldwide incidence of preterm birth: a systematic review of maternal mortality and morbidity

TLDR
Developing countries, especially those in Africa and southern Asia, incur the highest burden in terms of absolute numbers, although a high rate is also observed in North America.
Abstract
Resumen Incidencia mundial de parto prematuro: revision sistematica de la morbilidad y mortalidad maternas Objetivo Analizar las tasas de prematuridad a nivel mundial para evaluar la incidencia de este problema de salud publica, determinar la distribucion regional de los partos prematuros y profundizar en el conocimiento de las actuales estrategias de evaluacion.Metodos Los datos utilizados sobre las tasas de prematuridad a nivel mundial se extrajeron a lo largo de una revision sistematica anterior de datos publicados e ineditos sobre la mortalidad y morbilidad maternas notificados entre 1997 y 2002. Esos datos se complementaron mediante una busqueda que abarco el periodo 2003–2007. Las tasas de prematuridad de los paises sin datos se estimaron mediante modelos de regresion multiple especificos para cada region.Resultados Estimamos que en 2005 se registraron 12,9 millones de partos prematuros, lo que representa el 9,6% de todos los nacimientos a nivel mundial. Aproximadamente 11 millones (85%) de ellos se concentraron en Africa y Asia, mientras que en Europa y America del Norte (excluido Mexico) se registraron 0,5 millones en cada caso, y en America Latina y el Caribe, 0,9 millones. Las tasas mas elevadas de prematuridad se dieron en Africa y America del Norte (11,9% y 10,6% de todos los nacimientos, respectivamente), y las mas bajas en Europa (6,2%).Conclusion El parto prematuro es un problema de salud perinatal importante en todo el mundo. Los paises en desarrollo, especialmente de Africa y Asia meridional, son los que sufren la carga mas alta en terminos absolutos, pero en America del Norte tambien se observa una tasa elevada. Es necesario comprender mejor las causas de la prematuridad y obtener estimaciones mas precisas de la incidencia de ese problema en cada pais si se desea mejorar el acceso a una atencion obstetrica y neonatal eficaz.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Maternal residential proximity to major roads in north west England and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

TL;DR: The results, from a study with high statistical power, suggest that living less than 200 m from a major road per se does not pose any great risk of an adverse perinatal outcome and may be limited to this geographic location.
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Acute associations between heatwaves and preterm and early-term birth in 50 US metropolitan areas: a matched case-control study.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined acute associations between various heatwave definitions and preterm and early-term birth, using national vital records from 50 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) between 1982 and 1988, singleton preterm (<37 weeks) and earlyterm births (37-38 weeks) were matched to controls who completed at least 37 weeks or 39 weeks of gestation, respectively.
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Hair Cortisol Concentrations as a Biological Marker of Maternal Prenatal Stress: A Systematic Review

TL;DR: The correlation between HCC and perceived stress was confirmed in one study and there was only one study on hair washing, shampoo, conditioner, and hair structure that could affect hair samples.
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Muscimol delays lipopolysaccharide-induced preterm delivery in mice: role of GABA(A) receptors and nitric oxide.

TL;DR: Muscimol inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced PTD through modulating NO release and moderately increased maternal plasma and amniotic fluid nitrite + nitrate concentrations and decreased lipopoly Saccharine-induced placental inflammation and surge in nitrite+ nitrate levels.
References
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Book

Applied Regression Analysis

TL;DR: In this article, the Straight Line Case is used to fit a straight line by least squares, and the Durbin-Watson Test is used for checking the straight line fit.
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Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth

TL;DR: A short cervical length and a raised cervical-vaginal fetal fibronectin concentration are the strongest predictors of spontaneous preterm birth.
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The preterm parturition syndrome

TL;DR: The evidence indicating that the pathological processes implicated in the preterm parturition syndrome include: intrauterine infection/inflammation; uterine ischaemia; (3) uterine overdistension; (4) abnormal allograft reaction; (5) allergy; (6) cervical insufficiency; and (7) hormonal disorders (progesterone related and corticotrophin‐releasing factor related).
Journal ArticleDOI

Epidemiology of preterm birth

TL;DR: Over the past 20-30 years advances in perinatal care have improved outcomes for infants born after short gestations, but there is still uncertainty and incomplete recording of estimates of gestation in developed countries.
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