Transcriptional repressor PRR5 directly regulates clock-output pathways.
Norihito Nakamichi,Takatoshi Kiba,Mari Kamioka,Takamasa Suzuki,Takafumi Yamashino,Tetsuya Higashiyama,Hitoshi Sakakibara,Takeshi Mizuno +7 more
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TLDR
A genetic network is illustrated in which PRR5, PRR7, and PRR9 directly regulate expression timing of key transcription factors to coordinate physiological processes with daily cycles.Abstract:
The circadian clock is an endogenous time-keeping mechanism that enables organisms to adapt to external daily cycles. The clock coordinates biological activities with these cycles, mainly through genome-wide gene expression. However, the exact mechanism underlying regulation of circadian gene expression is poorly understood. Here we demonstrated that an Arabidopsis PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR 5 (PRR5), which acts in the clock genetic circuit, directly regulates expression timing of key transcription factors involved in clock-output pathways. A transient expression assay and ChIP-quantitative PCR assay using mutated PRR5 indicated that PRR5 associates with target DNA through binding at the CCT motif in vivo. ChIP followed by deep sequencing coupled with genome-wide expression profiling revealed the direct-target genes of PRR5. PRR5 direct-targets include genes encoding transcription factors involved in flowering-time regulation, hypocotyl elongation, and cold-stress responses. PRR5-target gene expression followed a circadian rhythm pattern with low, basal expression from noon until midnight, when PRR9, PRR7, and PRR5 were expressed. ChIP-quantitative PCR assays indicated that PRR7 and PRR9 bind to the direct-targets of PRR5. Genome-wide expression profiling using a prr9 prr7 prr5 triple mutant suggests that PRR5, PRR7, and PRR9 repress these targets. Taken together, our results illustrate a genetic network in which PRR5, PRR7, and PRR9 directly regulate expression timing of key transcription factors to coordinate physiological processes with daily cycles.read more
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Photoperiodic flowering: time measurement mechanisms in leaves.
TL;DR: The current understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which photoperiodic information is perceived in order to trigger FT expression in Arabidopsis as well as in the primary cereals wheat, barley, and rice are summarized.
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PIFs: systems integrators in plant development
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Photosynthetic entrainment of the Arabidopsis thaliana circadian clock
Michael J. Haydon,Olga Mielczarek,Fiona C. Robertson,Fiona C. Robertson,Katharine E. Hubbard,Alex A. R. Webb +5 more
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Wheels within wheels: the plant circadian system.
TL;DR: Recent developments in the field are discussed, including a new understanding of the molecular architecture underlying the plant clock; mechanistic links between clock components and input and output pathways; and the growingUnderstanding of the importance of clock genes for agronomically important traits.
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