Ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices: mimicking condensed matter physics and beyond
TLDR
In this article, the authors review recent developments in the physics of ultracold atomic and molecular gases in optical lattices and show how these systems may be employed as quantum simulators to answer some challenging open questions of condensed matter, and even high energy physics.Abstract:
We review recent developments in the physics of ultracold atomic and molecular gases in optical lattices. Such systems are nearly perfect realisations of various kinds of Hubbard models, and as such may very well serve to mimic condensed matter phenomena. We show how these systems may be employed as quantum simulators to answer some challenging open questions of condensed matter, and even high energy physics. After a short presentation of the models and the methods of treatment of such systems, we discuss in detail, which challenges of condensed matter physics can be addressed with (i) disordered ultracold lattice gases, (ii) frustrated ultracold gases, (iii) spinor lattice gases, (iv) lattice gases in “artificial” magnetic fields, and, last but not least, (v) quantum information processing in lattice gases. For completeness, also some recent progress related to the above topics with trapped cold gases will be discussed. Motto: There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio, Than are dreamt of in your...read more
Citations
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Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases
TL;DR: In this article, a review of recent experimental and theoretical progress concerning many-body phenomena in dilute, ultracold gases is presented, focusing on effects beyond standard weakcoupling descriptions, such as the Mott-Hubbard transition in optical lattices, strongly interacting gases in one and two dimensions, or lowest-Landau-level physics in quasi-two-dimensional gases in fast rotation.
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Quantum Simulation
TL;DR: The main theoretical and experimental aspects of quantum simulation have been discussed in this article, and some of the challenges and promises of this fast-growing field have also been highlighted in this review.
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Quantum simulations with ultracold quantum gases
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of advances in this field is presented and discussed the possibilities offered by this approach to quantum simulation, as well as the possibilities of quantum simulation with ultracold quantum gases.
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Theory of ultracold atomic Fermi gases
TL;DR: In this article, the physics of quantum degenerate atomic Fermi gases in uniform as well as in harmonically trapped configurations is reviewed from a theoretical perspective, focusing on the effect of interactions that bring the gas into a superfluid phase at low temperature.
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Colloquium: Artificial gauge potentials for neutral atoms
TL;DR: In this article, the physical principles at the basis of this artificial magnetism are presented, and the analysis is generalized to the simulation of non-Abelian gauge potentials and some striking consequences are presented.
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