Updated research nosology for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders
Andrea Antinori,Gabriele Arendt,James T. Becker,Bruce J. Brew,Desiree Byrd,Mariana Cherner,David B. Clifford,Paola Cinque,Leon G. Epstein,K. Goodkin,Magnus Gisslén,Igor Grant,Robert K. Heaton,Jeymohan Joseph,Karen Marder,Camillo Marra,Justin C. McArthur,Michael Nunn,Richard W. Price,Lynn Pulliam,Kevin Robertson,Ned Sacktor,Victor Valcour,Valerie Wojna +23 more
TLDR
This report reviews the collective experience with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), particularly since the advent of highly active antiretroviral treatment, and their definitional criteria; discusses the impact of comorbidities; and suggests inclusion of the term asymptomatic neuroc cognitive impairment to categorize individuals with subclinical impairment.Abstract:
In 1991, the AIDS Task Force of the American Academy of Neurology published nomenclature and research case definitions to guide the diagnosis of neurologic manifestations of HIV-1 infection. Now, 16 years later, the National Institute of Mental Health and the National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke have charged a working group to critically review the adequacy and utility of these definitional criteria and to identify aspects that require updating. This report represents a majority view, and unanimity was not reached on all points. It reviews our collective experience with HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), particularly since the advent of highly active antiretroviral treatment, and their definitional criteria; discusses the impact of comorbidities; and suggests inclusion of the term asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment to categorize individuals with subclinical impairment. An algorithm is proposed to assist in standardized diagnostic classification of HAND.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders persist in the era of potent antiretroviral therapy: CHARTER Study.
Robert K. Heaton,David B. Clifford,Donald Franklin,Steven Paul Woods,Christopher Ake,Florin Vaida,Ronald J. Ellis,S. Letendre,Thomas D. Marcotte,Joseph H. Atkinson,Monica Rivera-Mindt,Ofilio Vigil,Michael J. Taylor,Ann C. Collier,Camillo Marra,Benjamin B. Gelman,Justin C. McArthur,Susan Morgello,David M. Simpson,McCutchan Ja,Ian Abramson,Anthony Gamst,Christine Fennema-Notestine,Terry L. Jernigan,Joseph K. Wong,Igor Grant +25 more
TL;DR: The most severe HAND diagnosis (HAD) was rare, but milder forms of impairment remained common, even among those receiving CART who had minimal comorbidities.
Journal ArticleDOI
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders before and during the era of combination antiretroviral therapy: differences in rates, nature, and predictors
Robert K. Heaton,Donald Franklin,Ronald J. Ellis,J. Allen McCutchan,Scott Letendre,Shannon LeBlanc,Stephanie Corkran,Nichole A. Duarte,David B. Clifford,Steven Paul Woods,Ann C. Collier,Christina M. Marra,Susan Morgello,Monica Rivera Mindt,Michael J. Taylor,Thomas D. Marcotte,J. Hampton Atkinson,Tanya Wolfson,Benjamin B. Gelman,Justin C. McArthur,David M. Simpson,Ian Abramson,Anthony Gamst,Christine Fennema-Notestine,Terry L. Jernigan,Joseph K. Wong,Igor Grant +26 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used comparable methods of subject screening and assessments to classify neurocognitive impairment (NCI) in large groups of HIV + and HIV − participants from the pre-CART era (1988-1995, N = 857) and CART era(2000-2007; N = 937).
Journal ArticleDOI
Oncogene ablation-resistant pancreatic cancer cells depend on mitochondrial function
Andrea Viale,Piergiorgio Pettazzoni,Costas A. Lyssiotis,Haoqiang Ying,Nora S. Sanchez,Matteo Marchesini,Alessandro Carugo,Tessa Green,Sahil Seth,Virginia Giuliani,Maria Kost-Alimova,Florian L. Muller,Simona Colla,Luigi Nezi,Giannicola Genovese,Angela K. Deem,Avnish Kapoor,Wantong Yao,Emanuela Brunetto,Ya'an Kang,Min Yuan,John M. Asara,Y. Alan Wang,Timothy P. Heffernan,Alec C. Kimmelman,Huamin Wang,Jason B. Fleming,Lewis C. Cantley,Ronald A. DePinho,Giulio Draetta +29 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that a subpopulation of dormant tumour cells surviving oncogene ablation (surviving cells) and responsible for tumour relapse has features of cancer stem cells and relies on oxidative phosphorylation for survival.
Journal ArticleDOI
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder — pathogenesis and prospects for treatment
Deanna Saylor,Alex M. Dickens,Ned Sacktor,Norman J. Haughey,Barbara S. Slusher,Mikhail V. Pletnikov,Joseph L. Mankowski,Amanda Brown,David J. Volsky,Justin C. McArthur +9 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that adjunctive therapies — treatments targeting CNS inflammation and other metabolic processes, including glutamate homeostasis, lipid and energy metabolism — are needed to reverse or improve HAND-related neurological dysfunction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cognitive dysfunction in HIV patients despite long-standing suppression of viremia.
Samanta Simioni,Matthias Cavassini,Jean-Marie Annoni,Aline Rimbault Abraham,Isabelle Bourquin,Veronique Schiffer,Alexandra Calmy,Jean Philippe Chave,Ezio Giacobini,Bernard Hirschel,Renaud Du Pasquier +10 more
TL;DR: The prevalence of HANDs without functional repercussion in daily life (asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment) is the most frequent subtype observed in this population, and the HIV dementia scale with a cutoff of 14 points or less seems to provide a useful tool to screen for the presence of Handeds.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
“Mini-mental state”: A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
Marshal F. Folstein,Marshal F. Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Susan E B Folstein,Paul R. McHugh,Paul R. McHugh +5 more
TL;DR: A simplified, scored form of the cognitive mental status examination, the “Mini-Mental State” (MMS) which includes eleven questions, requires only 5-10 min to administer, and is therefore practical to use serially and routinely.
A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician
TL;DR: The Mini-Mental State (MMS) as mentioned in this paper is a simplified version of the standard WAIS with eleven questions and requires only 5-10 min to administer, and is therefore practical to use serially and routinely.
Journal ArticleDOI
Population-based norms for the mini-mental state examination by age and educational level
TL;DR: Results presented should prove to be useful to clinicians who wish to compare an individual patient's MMSE scores with a population reference group and to researchers making plans for new studies in which cognitive status is a variable of interest.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nomenclature and research case definitions for neurologic manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) infection
Robert S. Janssen,David R. Cornblath,Leon G. Epstein,Richard P. Foa,Justin C. McArthur,Richard W. Price,Arthur K. Asbury,Alexandra Beckett,D. Frank Benson,T.Peter Bridge,Carl M. Leventhal,Paul Satz,Andrew J. Saykin,John J. Sidtis,Susan Tross,James T. Becker,Kenneth G. Castro,Bruce A. Cohen,Marshall F. Folstein,Francisco Gonzalez-Scarano,Igor Grant,Mario Maj,R. H. McAllister,M.-Marsel Mesulam,Eric N. Miller,Margaret J. Oxtoby,Norman Sartorius,Ola A. Selnes,Janet B. W. Williams,Michael Zaudig +29 more
TL;DR: These definitions have been developed in conjunction with the International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10, unpublished draft of the World Health Organization) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV, unpublishedDraft of the American Psychiatric Association) and are not identical.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Impact of HIV-Associated Neuropsychological Impairment on Everyday Functioning
Robert K. Heaton,Thomas D. Marcotte,Monica Rivera Mindt,Joseph Sadek,David J. Moore,Heather Bentley,J. Allen McCutchan,Carla Reicks,Igor Grant +8 more
TL;DR: Objective, laboratory based functional measures, such as those used here, may compliment NP testing in future studies directed at understanding the impact on life quality of central nervous system disorders and their treatments.
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