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XNOR-Net: ImageNet Classification Using Binary Convolutional Neural Networks

TLDR
XNOR-Nets as discussed by the authors approximate convolutions using primarily binary operations, which results in 58x faster convolutional operations and 32x memory savings, and outperforms BinaryConnect and BinaryNets by large margins on ImageNet.
Abstract
We propose two efficient approximations to standard convolutional neural networks: Binary-Weight-Networks and XNOR-Networks. In Binary-Weight-Networks, the filters are approximated with binary values resulting in 32x memory saving. In XNOR-Networks, both the filters and the input to convolutional layers are binary. XNOR-Networks approximate convolutions using primarily binary operations. This results in 58x faster convolutional operations and 32x memory savings. XNOR-Nets offer the possibility of running state-of-the-art networks on CPUs (rather than GPUs) in real-time. Our binary networks are simple, accurate, efficient, and work on challenging visual tasks. We evaluate our approach on the ImageNet classification task. The classification accuracy with a Binary-Weight-Network version of AlexNet is only 2.9% less than the full-precision AlexNet (in top-1 measure). We compare our method with recent network binarization methods, BinaryConnect and BinaryNets, and outperform these methods by large margins on ImageNet, more than 16% in top-1 accuracy.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Visual Tracking by Structurally Optimizing Pre-Trained CNN

TL;DR: Experimental results on challenging benchmarks show that the proposed channel pruning method can enhance the tracking performance and reduce the computational requirements.
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Entropy-Constrained Training of Deep Neural Networks

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a general framework for neural network compression motivated by the minimum description length (MDL) principle and derive an expression for the entropy of a neural network.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

XOR-CIM: compute-in-memory SRAM architecture with embedded XOR encryption

TL;DR: This work modify the 6-transistor SRAM bit cell with dual wordlines to implement XOR cipher without sacrificing the parallel computation's efficiency, and evaluations at 28 nm show that XOR-CIM could provide enhanced security and achieve 1.4× energy efficiency improvement and no throughput loss, with only 2.5% area overhead.
Journal ArticleDOI

Efficient and Effective Context-Based Convolutional Entropy Modeling for Image Compression

TL;DR: In this article, context-based convolutional networks (CCNs) are proposed for efficient and effective entropy modeling, where 3D zigzag scanning order and a 3D code dividing technique are introduced to define proper coding contexts for parallel entropy decoding, both of which boil down to place translation-invariant binary masks on convolution filters of CCNs.
Journal ArticleDOI

Deep Quantization Generative Networks

TL;DR: It is found that keeping as much information as possible for quantized activations is key to obtain high-quality generative models and this work proposes Deep Quantization Generative Networks (DQGNs) to effectively accelerate and compress deep generative networks.
References
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Proceedings Article

ImageNet Classification with Deep Convolutional Neural Networks

TL;DR: The state-of-the-art performance of CNNs was achieved by Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) as discussed by the authors, which consists of five convolutional layers, some of which are followed by max-pooling layers, and three fully-connected layers with a final 1000-way softmax.
Proceedings Article

Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Image Recognition

TL;DR: This work investigates the effect of the convolutional network depth on its accuracy in the large-scale image recognition setting using an architecture with very small convolution filters, which shows that a significant improvement on the prior-art configurations can be achieved by pushing the depth to 16-19 weight layers.
Proceedings Article

Very Deep Convolutional Networks for Large-Scale Image Recognition

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the effect of the convolutional network depth on its accuracy in the large-scale image recognition setting and showed that a significant improvement on the prior-art configurations can be achieved by pushing the depth to 16-19 layers.
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