Showing papers on "10G-PON published in 2008"

Energy Consumption in Access Networks

Abstract: We present a comparison of energy consumption of access networks. We consider passive optical networks, fiber to the node, point-to-point optical systems and WiMAX. Optical access technologies provide the most energy-efficient solutions.

Next-Generation FTTH Passive Optical Networks

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Mesh free-space optical system for wireless local area network backhaul

Abstract: In wireless local area networks (WLANS) with a large number of access points, the provisioning and capacity of the WLAN backhaul network connecting the access points to a core network becomes a major issue in network design. Some network services call for access points to be deployed in high densities in a wide range of environments, including outdoor environments. Traditional backhaul networks using fixed media such as twisted pair cable, coax cable, or optical fiber, in many instances are not physically or economically viable. Disclosed are method and apparatus for connecting access points via a mesh network using free-space optical links. The free-space optical links may be supplemented with mm-wave links to increase reliability and capacity.

Super-Broadband Optical Wireless Access Technologies

Abstract: Network enabling technologies and architectures design for delivering super-broadband wireless services at >1 Gb/s over optical access networks are reviewed. Cost-efficient optical mm-wave generation and transmission technology, optical OFDM, and hierarchical architecture for high-mobility access are discussed.

Multiwavelength Optical Networks: Architectures, Design, and Control

Abstract: Updated and expanded, this second edition of the acclaimed Multiwavelength Optical Networks provides a detailed description of the structure and operation of modern optical networks. It also sets out the analytical tools for network performance evaluation and optimization for current and next generation networks, as well as the latest advances in enabling technologies. Backbone optical networks are evolving to mesh topologies using intelligent network elements; a new optical control plane is taking shape based on GMPLS; and significant advances have occurred in Fiber to the Home/Premises (the "last mile"), metropolitan area networks, protection and restoration, and IP over WDM. New research on all-optical packet switched networks, is also covered in depth. Also included are current trends and new applications on the commercial scene. This book is an invaluable resource for graduate and senior undergraduate students in electrical engineering, computer science, and applied physics, and for practitioners in the telecommunications industry.

Perspectives of Radio over Fiber Technologies

Abstract: Radio-over-fiber technologies enable efficient provisioning of broadband wireless services both in access and in in-building networks, in particular when combined with flexible optical routing and dispersion-robust RoF transport techniques, such as optical frequency multiplying.

Cost Minimization Planning for Passive Optical Networks

Abstract: We plan PON network deployment to minimize its total cost. An efficient heuristic is proposed, which can reduce 50%~70% PON network deployment costs compared to a benchmark sectoring approach.

Resource Provisioning for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA)-based Virtual Passive Optical Networks (VPON)

Abstract: A virtualization mechanism of passive optical networks (PON) based on optical orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) technologies is introduced. A comparison between two types of resource provisioning schemes for virtual PON is studied.

Serengeti broadband

Abstract: This paper presents a broadband island defined by a fibre-optic communication network between Bunda and Serengeti, two rural districts in the Mara region in northern Tanzania. The purpose of the network is to facilitate creation and sharing of information at government institutions. The network is also expected to create jobs and entrepreneurial activities in these under-served areasThe network is comprised of an optical fibre backbone and wireless local area networks operating in license-free spectrum as access networks. The fibre is currently terminated at three locations. VLAN-capable Ethernet switches with long range optical transceivers provide backbone transmission as well as fibre access. To minimize costs, routers and servers in the network are all based on standard PC hardware and Free Open Source software. The infrastructure is operated under an Open Access regime, other ways of resource sharing like virtualization at the link; network and application layers are explored.Although the broadband island defined by the fibre has a narrowband VSAT connection to the Internet, the focus on the services provided in the network is local, focusing on e-government, education, healthcare and support to local entrepreneurs.

Discovery process for emerging 10 Gb/s EPONs

Abstract: Analysis of the techno-economic conditions warranting currently existing deployments of 1 Gb/s (1G) Ethernet passive optical networks indicates clearly the requirement for a support of legacy equipment, allowing carriers to take advantage of already deployed 1G ONUs while increasing the channel capacity for some customers. This calls for a complete coexistence of 1G and 10 Gb/s (10G) equipment, sharing the same physical PON plant. In order to achieve this, a number of technical issues must be resolved in a satisfactory manner, including the required extensions of the discovery process, currently specified in Clause 64 of IEEE 802.3-2008. In this article we present the existing discovery process for 1G-EPON systems and propose a series of extensions required to support the extended discovery process, which include detection of the upstream and downstream data rates, as well as an extension of the existing registration handshake.

Reliable tree-type passive optical networks with self-restorable apparatus.

Abstract: We propose and investigate a simply self-restored tree-type time-division-multiplexed passive optical network (TDM-PON) with duplex fiber system against the fiber failure. The new proposed optical line terminal (OLT), optical network unit (ONU), and remote node (RN) can be used to prevent and protect the occurrence of fiber failure in the self-protected tree-type PON. The protection and restoration time of the access network can be archived within 7 ms in this experiment. In addition, the performances of data traffic for the fiber access network are also analyzed and discussed.

Distributed Computing over Optical Networks

Abstract: This paper overviews the opportunities and challenges of distributed computing over optical network. The terabits optical network integrated computing environment (TONICE) project and the integrated resources management system (IRMS) are presented.

Passive optical network communication method and system

Abstract: A passive optical network communication system transmits an optical time-division multiplexed signal from a central office through a passive optical coupler to a number of subscribers, and transmits optical encoded signals from the subscribers through the passive optical coupler to the central office. Optical encoded signals from different subscribers are separated by a decoding process performed at the central office. All operations can be synchronized with a clock signal which is generated at the central office and recovered from the optical time-division multiplexed signal by the subscribers' equipment. The communication range can be extended inexpensively by using a single high-power light source at the central office while using relatively low-power light sources at the subscribers' equipment.

Reconfigurable Optical Backhaul and Integrated Routing Algorithm for Load Balancing in Hybrid Optical-Wireless Access Networks

Abstract: Various wireless and optical access technologies have been developed to address different issues in access networks. By combining the complementary characteristics of wireless and optical networks, a hybrid optical-wireless access network will enable broadband, ubiquitous, and cost-effective last-mile service to the users. In this paper, a reconfigurable optical backhaul leveraging both the standard Time Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Network (TDM-PON) technology and wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) ring is proposed to achieve a higher bandwidth efficiency than simply using point-to-point backhaul links. Furthermore, an integrated routing algorithm which can adapt to the change of overall demand among different service districts by taking advantage of the proposed optical backhaul is also proposed. An experimental testbed is implemented to evaluate the reconfigurable scheme and its feasibility. Also, simulation results show that the proposed integrated routing with load balancing can improve the performance in hybrid optical and wireless networks.

Optical network services for ultra high definition digital media distribution

Abstract: Ultra high performance digital media applications are now creating the need for new network architectures instead of shared IP links to provide them with dedicated, on-demand high capacity. These demands will be more critical in the future, as applications employing a real time environment become more common. Dynamic optical services at lambda and sub-lambda granularities are proposed because they guarantee the appropriate QoS in terms of bandwidth, jitter and latency. The technologies presented in this paper are merely initial considerations for use when providing the network services under investigation. Initial studies have shown that there is a lot of interest, and there are many advantages, in setting up network services to distribute high-performance media streams via optical networks to one or more locations.

AT&T's Photonic Network

Abstract: AT&T's photonic network provides the bandwidth to enable the large growth that is needed to meet evolving customer needs. The network is designed to be scalable, flexible and to grow to meet future demands seamlessly.

Online Clustering for Hierarchical WDM Networks

Abstract: This paper presents an easy-to-implement, distributed, and scalable clustering technique that determines clusters adaptively in response to the current conditions (i.e., bandwidth availability) in large WDM optical networks. Simulation results verify the feasibility of the approach.

A control bridge to automate the convergence of Passive Optical Networks and IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX) wireless networks

Abstract: IEEE 802.16 and Passive Optical Network (PON) are two promising broadband access technologies for high-capacity wireless and wired access networks, respectively. In order to better understand the co-existence of both network technologies and to determine whether closer cooperation in the bandwidth provisioning process is advantageous, an access network that utilizes a Gigabit PON (GPON) to backhaul 802.16 network traffic is evaluated. Typical to many network deployments, the equipment is from different manufacturers and has different management and control interfaces. This paper proposes the use of a control bridge that overlooks the operations of both the GPON and 802.16 networks in order to: (1) provide dynamic QoS mapping so as to reduce traffic delivery cost; and (2) to improve overall channel utilization through coordinated dynamic bandwidth allocation. The performance of the converged network under the control of the proposed control bridge is evaluated in terms of cost of data delivery, channel utilization, and service differentiation.

Enhanced Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation Algorithm in Ethernet Passive Optical Networks

Abstract: As broadband access is evolving from digital subscriber lines to optical access networks, Ethernet passive optical networks (EPONs) are considered a promising solution for next generation broadband access. The point-tomultipoint topology of EPONs requires a time-division multiple access MAC protocol for upstream transmission. In this paper, we propose a new enhanced dynamic bandwidth allocation algorithm with fairness called EFDBA for multiple services over EPONs. The proposed algorithm is composed of a fairness counter controller and a fairness system buffer in the optical line terminal. The EFDBA algorithm with fairness can provide increased capability and efficient resource allocation in an EPON system. In the proposed EFDBA algorithm, the optical line termination allocates bandwidth to the optical network units in proportion to the fairness weighting counter number associated with their class and queue length. The proposed algorithm provides efficient resource utilization by reducing the unused remaining bandwidth made by idle state optical network units.

10G EPON Standardization in IEEE 802.3av Project

Abstract: The IEEE 802.3av Task Force is currently working on development of the next-generation, 10 Gbit/s capable Ethernet Passive Optical Network specifications, anticipating to bring a new flavour of PON technology to life by mid 2009.

Wavelength-Based Sub-Carrier Multiplexing and Grooming for Optical Networks Bandwidth Virtualization

Abstract: We demonstrate, for the first time, a novel optical network architecture based on orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) over WDM via experiments, and its benefits including cost-reduction and service transparency through analysis and simulation.

The next generation of ethernet

Abstract: This paper discussed the challenges facing the body that will define the next generation of Ethernet technology. This is the task facing the IEEE P802.3ba Task Force, which was recently approved by the IEEE Standards Association Standards Board to begin developing the standard that will follow 10 Gigabit Ethernet (GbE). The task force is beginning the development of the next generation of Ethernet at a time when existing networks are already being strained by current capacity requirements. Network engineers forced to deal with this issue are attempting to plan their networks to support anticipated increasing bandwidth requirements. The industry is looking to the next generation of Ethernet for relief from existing and potential future network bottlenecks that are being created as data aggregation drives bandwidth requirements to double approximately every 18 months.

Method apparatus network and system for establishing an optical communication link for wavelength division multiplexing transmission

Abstract: The present invention describes an optical line termination (OLT1, OLT2), an optical network unit (ONU1, .., ONU7), an optical network (1000) as well as a system and a method for establishing an optical communication link for wavelength division multiplexing transmission and providing a plug and play scheme. In particular an optical line termination (OLT1, OLT2) broadcasts on a dedicated communication channel preferably unidirectional using all available communication bandwidth, wavelength information about available communication channels/wavelengths as wavelength subsets to optical network units. Because all transmission channels are used, an optical network unit attempting to connect to the optical line termination receives the required information for establishing an optical communication link no matter to which frequency its transmitter/receiver is at present adjusted. After having received the broadcast information the optical network unit (ONU1,.., ONU7), adjusts its transmitter and/or receiver to a communication channel/communication wavelength that is indicated as being free and in return transmits its identification to the optical line termination which builds a list associating optical network units and the wavelength used for communication by the respective optical network units which is stored and transmitted in return in the next broadcast. In the context of the present invention power management schemes and calibration schemes are encompassed as well.

Long-Reach 10 Gbps Ethernet Passive Optical Network based on a Protected Ring Architecture

Abstract: The authors propose a network architecture for self-protected long-reach 10 Gbps EPONs based on a feeder ring, and investigate its physical feasibility and MAC performance using a 100-km ring supporting four EPONs, each with 32 ONUs.

Simply self-restored ring-based time-division-multiplexed passive optical network

Abstract: A simply self-restored ring-based time-division-multiplexed passive optical network by a clockwise and counterclockwise circulating fiber against the fiber fault in an access system is proposed and experimentally investigated. The proposed optical line terminal and optical network unit modules can be used to prevent and protect the occurrence of fiber failure in the ring-based passive optical networks (PONs). Using the proposed self-healing access network, the ring-based PON can be revived promptly under fiber failure. The protection and restoration time of the access network is measured within 7ms. In addition, the performance of data traffic in the access network is also discussed.

Trends in Next Generation Optical Access Networks and a Proposed Hybrid Optical/Wireless Wide-area Access Network

Abstract: This paper flrst reviews trends toward the next-generation optical access networks; one of the key points is how to utilize wavelength-division multiplexing. It also overviews the technique of flber-wireless access as a candidate to provide wireless connection in the last one step of the future access network. In the latter half, a novel hybrid optical/wireless access network is proposed; the importance of microwave photonics technologies is emphasized. The proposed network provides next-generation optical access and high radio frequency wireless access on the same platform. 1. INTRODUCTION In the last few years, the optical access service based on Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) has been proven to be the most promising flxed Internet access service; the number of customers in Japan exceeded that of ADSL in early 2007. The typical Gigabit-capable passive optical network (PON) system shares 1Gbit/s total bandwidth among 16 to 32 subscribers. A complementary technology to support broadband access is the wireless network using the microwave band; it forms the last one step of the access network, e.g., inside stations/∞oors. In these networks, average bandwidth per user is assumed to be around several tens of Mbit/s. This paper flrst reviews technologies and standardization trends toward the next-generation optical access networks (NG-OAN), whose target can be assumed to be providing new services with the average bandwidth of several hundreds of Mbit/s to several Gbit/s. One of the key points is how to utilize optical multiplexing technologies including wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) in the NG-OAN (1). It next overviews the technique of flber-wireless access to provide the last one step of the future access network. Last, a novel hybrid dense-WDM and flber-wireless access system is proposed for constructing the next-generation wide-area access network. In the network, microwave photonics play a key role in terms of multi-wavelength generation, as we reported before (2), as well as flber-wireless transmission. The proposed system utilizes DWDM wavelengths divided to several wavelength groups, and each of the wavelength groups can provide high speed optical connection services (e.g., 10Gbit/s) via full-flber access and/or next-generation wireless services (e.g., 100Mbit/s) via flber-wireless access depending on the situation. 2. NEXT-GENERATION ACCESS NETWORK 2.1. Next-generation Optical Access Gigabit-capable PON systems such as GE-PON (IEEE standard 802.3ah) and G-PON (ITU-T Recommendation G.984 series) are now being deployed to support broadband optical access ser- vices. These PONs use time-division multiple access (TDMA) to realize the point-to-multipoint connection between an optical line terminal (OLT) located in an operator's building and the optical network units (ONUs) in the users' homes. Each connection provides 1Gbit/s (to 2.5Gbit/s) total bandwidth that is shared among 16 to 32 subscribers; Figure 1(a) shows the typical schematic of the TDMA-based PON. The dynamic Bandwidth Allocation (DBA) algorithm is one of the keys to maximizing TDMA-PON performance while keeping fairness among subscribers. Gigabit ca- pable PONs provide enough bandwidth for end users and they occupy the current sweet spot of opto-electronic components, i.e., maximum performance and minimum cost. However, consider- ing the continuous evolution of communication services such as bidirectional video communication and three-dimensional image transmission, long-term efiorts on the next generation system are

Development of Gigabit Ethernet Optical Switched Access Network System Using Optical Packet Switches

Abstract: We have already proposed a Gigabit Ethernet-Optical Switched Access Network (GE-OSAN) architecture that realizes longer transmission distances and achieves higher security than the conventional Passive Optical Network (PON). To confirm the technical feasibility of the architecture, we introduce here a GE-OSAN prototype system for down-stream transmission. We present the Optical Switching Module (OSM), which uses (Pb,La)(Zr,Ti)O3 (PLZT) optical packet switches, and show that it realizes switching within 10ns of the designed position in the Inter-Frame Gap (IFG). We also introduce an Optical Network Unit (ONU) with optical burst receiver that uses off-the-shelf commercial devices to reduce its cost; two types of an optical to electrical signal (O/E) converter are implemented for performance comparison. After testing both of them, we select the one that satisfies our acquisition time requirement of 64ns.

Optical backhaul network for wireless broadband service

Abstract: An optical backhaul network for a wireless broadband service is provided. The optical backhaul network for a wireless broadband service includes: a plurality of optical network units for outputting an uplink optical signal having a multiplexed wavelength; an optical line termination for outputting a downlink optical signal of a single mode in order to transmit the downlink optical signal to the plurality of the optical network units in a broadcasting form; and a plurality of remote nodes for outputting a part of the downlink optical signal to the plurality of the optical network units and for outputting the uplink optical signal to the optical line termination. Therefore, one center and a plurality of access points can be efficiently connected.