Showing papers on "Dusty plasma published in 2021"

On the analytical and numerical solutions of the damped nonplanar Shamel Korteweg–de Vries Burgers equation for modeling nonlinear structures in strongly coupled dusty plasmas: Multistage homotopy perturbation method

Abstract: The dissipative cylindrical and spherical (nonplanar) electrostatic low-frequency dust-acoustic waves (DAWs) including solitary and shock waves in a collisional and unmagnetized strongly coupled dusty plasma are investigated analytically and numerically. The present plasma model consists of inertialess particles including thermal elections and vortex-like positive ions distribution as well as inertial strongly coupled negatively charged dust grains. In the hydrodynamic regime, the fluid governed equations of the present model are reduced to the damped nonplanar Shamel Korteweg–de Vries Burgers (SKVB) equation using the reductive perturbation technique. In the absence of the dissipative effect, the damped nonplanar Shamel Korteweg–de Vries (SKdV) equation is recovered and solved analytically for the first time using a novel analytical approach in order to describe the dynamical mechanism of the dissipative nonplanar dust-acoustic solitary waves. Also, the damped nonplanar SKdV equation is solved numerically using the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) and the hybrid homotopy perturbation method with the moving boundary method which is called multistage HPM (MsHPM). Furthermore, in the presence of the dissipative effect, the damped nonplanar SKdVB equation is solved numerically via the HPM and MsHPM for studying the characteristics of the dissipative nonplanar dust-acoustic solitary and shock waves. For checking the accuracy of the obtained solutions, the maximum global residual error is estimated. Moreover, a comparison between the approximate analytical and numerical solutions is reported. Furthermore, the dependence of dissipative nonplanar structures (solitons and shocks) characteristics on various plasma parameters is examined.

Laser-induced melting of two-dimensional dusty plasma system in RF discharge

Abstract: We present a detailed analysis of experimental study, which shows clear evidence of a two-stage melting process of a quasi-two-dimensional dusty plasma system in a high-frequency gas discharge. We accurately calculated global parameters of the orientational and translational order, as well as their susceptibilities to determine two critical points, related to “solid-to-hexatic” and “hexatic-to-liquid” phase transitions. The nature of the emerging defects and changes in their mutual concentration, in addition to the estimate of core energy of free dislocations also counts in favor of the formation of an intermediate hexatic phase. These results are fully consistent with the Berezinsky–Kosterlitz–Thouless theory.

Dust Ion Acoustic Solitary Waves in Unmagnetized Plasma with Kaniadakis Distributed Electrons

Abstract: The propagation of dust ion acoustic solitary waves (DIASWs) is investigated in dusty plasma with non-Maxwellian electrons. The Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation and modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation are derived with the help of reductive perturbation method and their solitary wave solutions are analyzed. The effects of relevant parameters (viz., κ-deformed parameter and dust concentration μ) on the dynamics of solitary structures are discussed in detail.

Propagation of dust-ion-acoustic solitary waves for damped modified Kadomtsev–Petviashvili–Burgers equation in dusty plasma with a q-nonextensive nonthermal electron velocity distribution

Abstract: The nonlinear dust ion acoustic solitary waves (DIAW) in a magnetized collisional dusty plasma comprising with negatively charged dust grain, positively charged ions along with q-nonextensive nonthermal electrons and neutral particles in the presence of small damping force is studied analytically through the framework of damped modified Kadomtsev-Petviashvili-Burgers (DMKPB) equation. Reductive perturbation technique (RPT) is employed to derive the DMKPB equation. It is observed that there is a critical point for the plasma parameters where the amplitude of the solitary wave of damped KP Burgers equation diverges. The DMKPB equation is derived from there and the soliton like solutions with finite amplitude is extracted. The influence of various plasma parameters like entropic index, dust ion collisional frequency, ion kinematic viscosity, speed of the traveling wave and the parameter indicating the ratio between unperturbed dust ion density and electron are investigated on the propagation of dust ion acoustic wave (DIAW). A significant effect on the wave structures due to the variation of present plasma parameters has been observed. Finally, the temporal evolution of a solitary wave solution is depicted through a numerical standpoint.

Arbitrary amplitude dust-acoustic waves in Jupiter atmosphere

Abstract: Arbitrary amplitude dust-acoustic solitary waves in a dusty plasma in Jupiter atmosphere are expected to occur for distance greater than 15 R J , where R J is the distance from the center of the Jupiter ( R J = 71398 km). We used the generalized hydrodynamic model for positive dust grains, Maxwellian electrons and ions those interact with solar wind protons and electrons. The energy-balance-like equation containing Sagdeev potential is derived and its numerical analysis is presented. The existence region of the arbitrary amplitude dust-acoustic solitary waves is defined. It is found that subsonic (Mach number 1 ) and supersonic (Mach number > 1 ) acoustic waves can exist, but the dominant pulses are supersonic modes and the pulses have positive potential. The main effects to change the soliton existence region are the dust number density and the streaming solar wind protons parameters, via solar wind proton number density, temperature, and streaming speed. Increasing the dust grains number density leads to reduce the width and enhances the amplitude. For higher temperature solar wind proton, the solitary waves dwarfed and broader, while enhancement the solar wind proton number density and streaming speed leads to transfer more energy into the plasma that makes the pulses towering.

Dust-acoustic modulated structures in self-gravitating magnetized electron depleted dusty plasmas: multi-rogue waves and dark soliton collisions

Abstract: A theoretical model has been developed to study the effects of the gravitational attraction and magnetic field on the waves instabilities as well as the dynamics of dust-acoustic rogue waves (RWs) and the collisions of the envelope dark soliton in self-gravitating non-Maxwellian magnetized electron depleted dusty plasma (EDDP). Using the derivative expansion method, the basic fluid equations of the model are converted to the normal nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE). The modulational instability (MI) analysis is used for determining the regions of (un)stable envelope structures (RWs and envelope solitons). According to gravitational force, a new dispersion relation is obtained and analyzed numerically. It is noted that the presence of gravitational force provides the possibility of a novel purely growing instability mode. Effects of gravitational force and magnetic field on the growth rate of MI and the profile of the RWs in unstable regions and on the phase shifts of the colliding dark solitons in stable regions are discussed in detail. In general, the gravitational force leads to destabilized waves whereas the magnetic field plays the stabilizing role. The present investigation may be of relevance for understanding the mechanism which govern the formation and propagation of modulated DA structures (RWs and envelope solitons) in certain astrophysical objects such as Saturn rings, interstellar medium, dark interstellar clouds, HI and HII regions of galaxies.

Physics of magnetized dusty plasmas

Abstract: In this review, we summarize recent advances in the field of dusty plasmas at strong magnetic fields. Special emphasis is put on situations where experimental laboratory observations are available. These generally comprise dusty plasmas with magnetized electrons and ions, but unmagnetized dust. The fundamental parameters characterizing a magnetized (dusty) plasma are given and various effects in dusty plasmas under magnetic fields are presented. As examples, the reaction of the dust component to magnetic-field modified plasma properties, such as filamentation, imposed structures, dust rotation, nanodusty plasmas and the resulting forces on the dust are discussed. Further, the behavior of the dust charge is described and shown to be relatively unaffected by magnetic fields. Wake field formation in magnetized discharges is illustrated: the strength of the wake field is found to be reduced with increased magnetic field. The propagation of dust acoustic waves in magnetized dusty plasmas is experimentally measured and analyzed indicating that the wave dynamics are not heavily influenced by the magnetic field. Only at the highest fields ( $$B> 1$$ T) the wave activity is found to be reduced. Moreover, it is discussed how dust-cyclotron waves might be used to indicate a magnetized dust component. Finally, implications of a magnetized dusty plasma are illustrated.

Dust-Ion-Acoustic Rogue Waves in a Dusty Plasma Having Super-Thermal Electrons

Abstract: The standard nonlinear Schrodinger Equation (NLSE) is one of the elegant equations to find detailed information about the modulational instability criteria of dust-ion-acoustic (DIA) waves and associated DIA rogue waves (DIARWs) in a three-component dusty plasma medium with inertialess super-thermal kappa distributed electrons, and inertial warm positive ions and negative dust grains. It can be seen that the plasma system supports both fast and slow DIA modes under consideration of inertial warm ions along with inertial negatively charged dust grains. It is also found that the modulationally stable parametric regime decreases with κ. The numerical analysis has also shown that the amplitude of the first and second-order DIARWs decreases with ion temperature. These results are to be considered the cornerstone for explaining the real puzzles in space and laboratory dusty plasmas.

Dusty plasmas: from Saturn’s rings to semiconductor processing devices

Abstract: Dusty plasmas are plasmas containing solid particles in the size range of about 10 nm—10 μm. The particles acquire an electrical charge by collecting electrons and ions from the plasma, or by photo...

Phase plane analysis of the dust-acoustic waves for the Burgers equation in a strongly coupled dusty plasma

Abstract: Phase plane analysis of dust-acoustic waves (DAWs) for the Burgers equation is investigated in a strongly coupled dusty plasma (SCDP) for the first time. The Burgers equation is obtained applying the reductive perturbation technique under the class of generalized hydrodynamic equations. The dynamical system of the Burgers equation is obtained using the traveling wave transfiguration. A phase plot containing a pair of heteroclinic orbits and a family of periodic orbits is presented for DAWs employing the concept of bifurcation theory through phase plane analysis. The analytical forms of kink and anti-kink wave solutions are derived by the tanh method. Analytical form of the periodic wave solution for the Burgers equation is derived for the first time in a SCDP. The parameters such as coupling parameter ( $$\Gamma$$ ), viscosity coefficient ( $$~\eta$$ ), dust–neutral collisional frequency ( $$ u _{dn}$$ ), temperature of dusts ( $$T_d$$ ) and speed of wave (v) have significant effects on the dust-acoustic kink, anti-kink and periodic wave solutions.

Charge neutralisation of microparticles by pulsing a low-pressure shielded spatial plasma afterglow

Abstract: In this paper, it is shown that microparticles can be effectively neutralised in the (spatial) plasma afterglow of an inductively coupled plasma. A key element in the reported experiments is the utilisation of a grounded mesh grid separating the plasma bulk and the 'shielded' plasma afterglow. Once particles-being injected in and charged by the inductively coupled plasma-had passed this mesh grid, the plasma was switched off while the particles continued to be transported under the influence of both flow and gravity. In the shielded spatial plasma afterglow region, the particle charge was deducted from their acceleration in an externally applied electric field. Our experiments demonstrate that all particles were neutralised independently of the applied electric field magnitude. The achieved neutralisation is of primary importance for the further development of plasma-assisted contamination control strategies as well as for a wide range of other applications, such as colourimetric sensing, differential mobility analysers, and medical applications.

Electrostatic dust‐acoustic envelope solitons in an electron‐depleted plasma

Abstract: A standard nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger equation has been established by using the reductive perturbation method to investigate the propagation of electrostatic dust-acoustic waves, and their modulational instability as well as the formation of localized electrostatic envelope solitons in an electron depleted unmagnetized dusty plasma system comprising opposite polarity dust grains and super-thermal positive ions. The relevant physical plasma parameters (viz., charge, mass, number density of positive and negative dust grains, and super-thermality of the positive ions, etc.) have rigorous impact to recognize the stability conditions of dust-acoustic waves. The present study is useful for understanding the mechanism of the formation of dust-acoustic envelope solitons associated with dust-acoustic waves in the laboratory and space environments.

Accurate and Efficient Finite-Difference Time- Domain Formulation of Dusty Plasma

Abstract: The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method has been widely used for the electromagnetic analysis of complex dispersive media. The shift-operator (SO)-FDTD or auxiliary differential equation (ADE)-FDTD formulation has been mainly employed for dusty plasma. Each FDTD formulation has its pros and cons. SO-FDTD is accurate but not computationally efficient. ADE-FDTD needs fewer computational resources, but its accuracy is poor. Here, we propose an accurate and efficient FDTD formulation for dusty plasma, based on the bilinear transform (BT). We perform a comprehensive study on the numerical permittivity and the computational efficiency for three FDTD formulations. Numerical examples are employed to illustrate that the proposed BT-FDTD outperforms the previously reported FDTD formulations for dusty plasma. In addition, based on the proposed BT-FDTD simulations, the effect of dust particles on EM wave propagation is investigated in the GHz band and the THz band.

Structure and dynamical properties of two-dimensional dusty plasmas on one-dimensional periodic substrates

Abstract: In the presence of the substrate, various structural and dynamical properties of two-dimensional dusty plasma (2DDP) were investigated using Langevin dynamical simulations. This paper reviews a series of results of the structural and dynamical properties of 2DDP modified by one-dimensional periodic substrates (1DPSs) as follows. First, when the depth of the 1DPS increases gradually, it is found that the static structural order of 2DDP along each potential well of the 1DPS increases first and then decreases gradually. When the width of the 1DPS increases gradually, the particle arrangement in each potential well of the 1DPS changes from one straight row gradually to two rows, including the stable zigzag structure. Second, when there are two rows in each potential well of the 1DPS, the phonon spectra are split into two branches, corresponding to the breathing and sloshing modes, respectively. In addition, due to the pure repulsion between dust particles, from the obtained phonon spectra, the sloshing wave propagates backward at small wave numbers. Third, the calculated mean square displacement shown that, at the intermediate timescale between the initial ballistic and final diffusive motions, the particle motion tends to be more subdiffusive while the depth of the 1DPS increases. While the width of the 1DPS increases gradually, the long-time diffusive motion first increases, then decreases, and finally increases again, exhibiting the oscillation-like diffusion, due to the stable zigzag structure. Finally, when an external direct-current driving force is applied on all particles of 2DDP, three different depinning phases are discovered, which are the pinned, disordered plastic flow, and moving ordered states, respectively, as the driving force increases from zero. In addition, the continuous/discontinuous property of the phase transition between these different depinning states is investigated, showing that the transition property is modulated by the depth of the applied 1DPS.

Propagation of dust-acoustic nonlinear waves in a superthermal collisional magnetized dusty plasma

Abstract: The nonlinear features of dust-acoustic waves (DAWs) propagating in a multicomponent, collisional, magnetized dusty plasma whose constituents are negative dust grains, superthermal ions, and electrons are investigated. The hydrodynamic fluid equations are reduced to a damped Zakharov–Kuznetsov (DZK) equation, using the reductive perturbation technique. The DZK equation is solved using both the generalized $$(G^{{\prime }}/G)$$ –expansion method and the Painleve analysis method. Each method gives a class of solutions. This indicates that these methods are sufficient to give all possible solutions of the DZK equation. These solutions successfully describe different kinds of nonlinear waves such as explosive, soliton, shocklike, periodical, and cnoidal waves. Additionally, the effects of different plasma parameters such as relative densities and temperatures as well as superthermality parameters of ions and electrons on the behavior of the obtained diverse waves are investigated. The relevance of the present investigation can be used to understand the cosmic dust-laden plasmas.

Nonhomogeneity of phase state in a dusty plasma monolayer with nonreciprocal particle interactions

Abstract: A monolayer—quasi-two-dimensional finite system—of Yukawa particles in a harmonic trap is under consideration. The effect of monolayer nonhomogeneity on dynamic properties and melting is studied. The results for two models of particle interactions are compared. The first model includes the reciprocal Yukawa potential and electrostatic harmonic trap. The second model additionally employs the point charge approximation of plasma wakes. It accounts for the nonreciprocity of interactions and anomalous heating of particle motion observed in dusty plasma experiments. It is demonstrated that in the point-wake model, both out-of-plane and in-plane kinetic energies of particles are radially dependent. This effect transforms the spatial distribution of dynamic characteristics in the monolayer. We show that the nonuniformity of monolayer properties might lead to several nonuniform melting scenarios and several scenarios of phase coexistence in the system. In the monolayer without nonreciprocal interactions, molten periphery coexists with a solid core. In the monolayer with plasma wakes, the opposite scenario is observed due to the joint effect of nonreciprocity and structural nonuniformity in the system. A perspective method to determine the position of the phase boundary is proposed.

Nonlinear dust acoustic waves in an inhomogeneous magnetized quantum dusty plasma

Abstract: Propagations of nonlinear quantum dust acoustic waves (QDAWs) in an inhomogeneous magnetized dusty plasma model which is three-dimensional collisionless, and having number density gradients of its ...

Study on the Propagation Characteristics of Terahertz Waves in Dusty Plasma with a Ceramic Substrate by the Scattering Matrix Method.

Abstract: The propagation characteristics of terahertz (THz) waves incident vertically into inhomogeneous and collisional dusty plasma with a ceramic substrate are studied using the scattering matrix method (SMM). The effects of the incident wave frequency and plasma parameters, such as the maximal electron density, dust particle density, dust particle radius and collision frequency, on the reflectance and transmittance of THz waves in the dusty plasma are discussed. In addition, the differences of the propagation properties in the dusty plasma, with and without ceramic substrate, are analyzed. Meanwhile, the differences of the propagation properties in dusty plasma and common plasma, respectively, with ceramic substrate are also compared. Simulation results show that the substrate and dust particles have significant influence on the propagation characteristics of THz wave in plasma sheath. Finally, the transmission increases with the increase of electron density, dust density, dust particle radius and collision frequency.

Propagation of Electrostatic Solitary Waves in the Four-Component Dusty Plasma

Abstract: We investigate the nonlinear dynamics of an unmagnetized dusty plasma comprising of four components, such as positively and negatively charged mobile dust, the Boltzmann distributed electrons, and nonthermal ions. The associated set of fluid equations is recasted into the celebrated nonlinear Schr $\ddot {o}$ dinger equation (NLSE) by invoking the standard reductive perturbation method. We have constructed a set of solitary antikink pulses by employing the exponential function method (EFM). It is found that the nonthermal ionic variable plays a key role in determining the electrostatic structure in the dusty plasma. The present investigation may have potential applications in predicting the nature of electrostatic solitary structures noticed in Saturn’s ring.