Showing papers on "Remanufacturing published in 2017"
TL;DR: This article found that consumers have a poor opinion of remanufactured products and are typically not prepared to adopt them, which is an important moderating factor predicting consumer switching behavior to remanufacturing products.
Abstract: For the circular economy to be tenable, consumers need to not only return products after use, but also purchase products that are remanufactured. However, research finds that consumers have a poor opinion of remanufactured products and are typically not prepared to adopt them. Thus, development of the circular economy is dependent upon deeper understanding of consumers’ attitudes and behaviors. Research typically considers either micro-level or macro-level factors when assessing consumer perceptions of remanufactured products. The current research incorporates macro-level factors of price, government incentives and environmental benefits with the moderating influence of micro-level consumer attitudes to examine consumers’ intention to switch from purchasing new products to remanufactured products. The findings suggest that a consumer's attitude toward remanufactured products is an important moderating factor predicting consumer switching behavior to remanufactured products. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
240 citations
TL;DR: This work considers a manufacturer, as the patent holder, who produces new and remanufactured products and, simultaneously, he and a remanufacturer (as the licensee), competitively collects used products from the market in a two-period closed-loop supply chain (CLSC).
185 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented two models (classical and VMI-CS coordination) for a two-level closed-loop supply chain with a manufacturer and a retailer with a facility to remanufacture used items.
175 citations
TL;DR: It is observed from the numerical study that the retailer-led decentralized scenario provides more profit than other decentralized scenarios.
173 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a pricing decision model is developed for short life-cycle products in a closed-loop supply chain that consists of the manufacturer, retailer, and collector, where the new product is sold via traditional retail stores and the remanufactured product was sold via the manufacturer's direct channel.
164 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a hybrid multi-criterion decision-making (MCDM) model that combines fuzzy AHP (analytical hierarchy process) and fuzzy G-TOPSIS (combining gray relation analysis and technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution) is proposed to determine weights of influence criteria.
164 citations
TL;DR: Additive manufacturing has profound economic, environmental, and security implications as discussed by the authors, but only limited quantitative data are available on how AM manufactured products compare to conventional manufactured ones in terms of energy and material consumption, transportation costs, pollution and waste, health and safety issues, as well as other environmental impacts over their full lifetime.
Abstract: Additive manufacturing (AM) proposes a novel paradigm for engineering design and manufacturing, which has profound economic, environmental, and security implications. The design freedom offered by this category of manufacturing processes and its ability to locally print almost each designable object will have important repercussions across society. While AM applications are progressing from rapid prototyping to the production of end-use products, the environmental dimensions and related impacts of these evolving manufacturing processes have yet to be extensively examined. Only limited quantitative data are available on how AM manufactured products compare to conventionally manufactured ones in terms of energy and material consumption, transportation costs, pollution and waste, health and safety issues, as well as other environmental impacts over their full lifetime. Reported research indicates that the specific energy of current AM systems is 1 to 2 orders of magnitude higher compared to that of conventional manufacturing processes. However, only part of the AM process taxonomy is yet documented in terms of its environmental performance, and most life cycle inventory (LCI) efforts mainly focus on energy consumption. From an environmental perspective, AM manufactured parts can be beneficial for very small batches, or in cases where AM-based redesigns offer substantial functional advantages during the product use phase (e.g., lightweight part designs and part remanufacturing). Important pending research questions include the LCI of AM feedstock production, supply-chain consequences, and health and safety issues relating to AM.
162 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new generation of smart de- and remanufacturing systems showing higher levels of automation, flexibility and adaptability to changing material mixtures and values is emerging and there is a need for systematizing the existing approaches to support their operations.
Abstract: In the recent years, increasing attention has been posed towards enhancing the sustainability of manufacturing processes by reducing the consumption of resources and key materials, the energy consumption and the environmental footprint, while also increasing companies’ competitiveness in global market contexts. De- and remanufacturing includes the set of technologies/systems, tools and knowledge-based methods to recover and reuse functions and materials from industrial waste and post-consumer products, under a Circular Economy perspective. This new paradigm can potentially support the sustainability challenges in strategic manufacturing sectors, such as aeronautics, automotive, electronics, consumer goods, and mechatronics. A new generation of smart de- and remanufacturing systems showing higher levels of automation, flexibility and adaptability to changing material mixtures and values is emerging and there is a need for systematizing the existing approaches to support their operations. Such innovative de- and remanufacturing system design, management and control approaches as well as advanced technological enablers have a key role to support the Circular Economy paradigm. This paper revises system level problems, methods and tools to support this paradigm and highlights the main challenges and opportunities towards a new generation of advanced de- and remanufacturing systems.
161 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of regulation on remanufacturing levels, consumer surplus, and the OEM profit were examined using a stylized model with an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) facing competition from an independent remanufacturer (IR).
Abstract: As waste from used electronic products grows steadily, manufacturers face take-back regulations mandating its collection and proper treatment through recycling or remanufacturing. Environmentalists greet such regulation with enthusiasm, but its effect on remanufacturing activity and industry competition remains unclear. We research these questions using a stylized model with an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) facing competition from an independent remanufacturer (IR). We examine the effects of regulation on three key factors: remanufacturing levels, consumer surplus, and the OEM profit. First, we find that total OEM remanufacturing actually may decrease under high collection and/or reuse targets, meaning more stringent targets do not imply more remanufacturing. Consumer surplus and the OEM profit, meanwhile, may increase when OEM-IR competition exists in a regulated market. Finally, through a numerical study, we investigate how total welfare changes in the collection target, what happens when the cost of collection is not linear, and what happens when IR products are valued differently by consumers.
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150 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the decision strategy and profit distribution of a closed-loop supply chain with retail price and emission reduction dependent demand was explored, and the results showed that each member makes decisions for self-profits maximization, which inevitably brings about double-marginal effect and affects the operating efficiency of supply chain in decentralized scenario.
Abstract: This paper aims to explore the decision strategy and profit distribution of a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) with retail price and emission reduction dependent demand. In the first period, the manufacturer supplies the new products to retailer and the retailer sells the new products to consumers; then the retailer remanufactures the used products and purchased the new products in the second period. Considering the consumer’s low-carbon and remanufactured preference, centralized and decentralized models consisting of one-single manufacturer and one-single retailer are proposed to investigate the optimal retail price, reduction rate and recycling rate. Through systematic comparison, the results show that each member makes decisions for self-profits maximization, which inevitably brings about double-marginal effect and affects the operating efficiency of supply chain in decentralized scenario. On the basis of Nash bargaining theory, we use the degree of satisfaction as an objective function and examine the feasibility of coordination mechanism. Finally, a numerical study is taken to investigate the impacts of low-carbon and remanufactured preference on demand as well as optimal decisions.
128 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a downward substitution strategy is applied between new and remanufactured products and three mathematical models are presented to determine the optimal production quantities of a new/remanufactured product that maximize the total profits when considering capital and/or carbon emission constraints.
TL;DR: ToBLoOM as discussed by the authors is a decision support tool for the design and planning of sustainable supply chains, which consists of a multi-objective mixed integer linear programming model which integrates several interconnected decisions: facility location and capacity determination; supplier selection and purchase levels definition; technology selection and allocation; transportation network definition including both unimodal and intermodal options; supply planning; product recovery and remanufacturing.
Abstract: This work presents ToBLoOM – Triple Bottom Line Optimization Modeling, a decision support tool for the design and planning of sustainable supply chains It consists of a multi-objective mixed integer linear programming model which integrates several interconnected decisions: facility location and capacity determination; supplier selection and purchase levels definition; technology selection and allocation; transportation network definition including both unimodal and intermodal options; supply planning; product recovery and remanufacturing The three pillars of sustainability are addressed as objective functions: economic, through Net Present Value; environmental through the Life Cycle Analysis methodology ReCiPe; and social through a developed GDP-based metric Uncertainty is considered using a stochastic ToBloOM This applied to a case of a European based company with markets in Europe and South America This work contributes to the literature by building on several identified research gaps such as the need for an integrated approach that allows simultaneous assessment of different interacting supply chain decisions, the need to explicitly assess the environmental impact in closed-loop supply chains, the need to assess the impact of supply chains on society, and the need for a multi-objective tool that includes all the three pillars of sustainability Strategies towards a more sustainable supply chain are also derived from this work
TL;DR: The proposed model investigates environmental impacts from production and transportation in a hybrid manufacturing-remanufacturing system which uses returnable transport items (RTI) for product transportation and develops best RTI management policies under the influence of these costs.
TL;DR: A new decision tree-based methodology is provided to calculate the net present value of the problem in multiple periods under different sources of uncertainty such as demand and returns and can be applied in comparing the profitability of different design options for CLSCs.
Abstract: In a closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) network, there are both forward and reverse supply chains. In this research, a tire remanufacturing CLSC network is designed and optimized based on tire recovery options. The objective of the optimization model is to maximize the total profit. The optimization model includes multiple products, suppliers, plants, retailers, demand markets, and drop-off depots. The application of the model is discussed based on a realistic network in Toronto, Canada using map. In addition, a new decision tree-based methodology is provided to calculate the net present value of the problem in multiple periods under different sources of uncertainty such as demand and returns. Furthermore, the discount cash flow is considered in the methodology as a novel innovative approach. This methodology can be applied in comparing the profitability of different design options for CLSCs.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigate a three-echelon manufacturing and remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) consisting of a retailer, a manufacturer and a supplier, and investigate the impact on dynamic performance of uncertainties in the return yield, RL lead time and the product consumption lead time.
TL;DR: This paper reviews recent and relevant literature on issues in closed-loop supply chains, with a focus on remanufactured or second-hand products, and identifies the main research gaps.
Abstract: The design of reverse logistics and remanufacturing processes and the recovery of end-of-life products have been well-studied in the literature. Quality, reliability, maintenance and warranty for recovered products and the remanufacturing activities that extend their life are integral issues in reverse logistics. This paper reviews recent and relevant literature on these issues in closed-loop supply chains, with a focus on remanufactured or second-hand products. The published literature is first classified into domain areas of research and practice. The wide array of mathematical tools and techniques used in the literature are then identified and mapped. Finally, the findings are summarised and the main research gaps are highlighted.
TL;DR: In this article, a retailer who accepts returns of a remanufacturable product is investigated, and the authors consider the cost structures of the two strategies, uncertainty in the input quality of the collected/returned used products, consumer willingness-to-pay for remanufactured product, the extent to which the remanufacture product cannibalizes demand for new product, and power structure in the channel.
Abstract: A key attribute of a remanufacturing strategy is the division of labor in the reverse channel, especially whether remanufacturing is performed in-house or outsourced. We investigate this decision for a retailer who accepts returns of a remanufacturable product. Our formulation considers the cost structures of the two strategies, uncertainty in the input quality of the collected/returned used products, consumer willingness-to-pay for remanufactured product, the extent to which the remanufactured product cannibalizes demand for new product, and the power structure in the channel.
For the profit-maximizing retailer the differentials in variable remanufacturing costs drive strategy choice, and higher fixed costs of in-house remanufacturing favors outsourcing. The variable remanufacturing costs and the balance of power in the prospective outsourced reverse channel are the key drivers of environmental impact, as measured by the retailer's propensity to remanufacture. While profitability and environmental goals often conflict, they align under certain conditions. These include (a) the third-party has less bargaining power; or (b) the fixed cost for in-house remanufacturing is relatively high. All else equal, when remanufacturing is outsourced, the environment fares better if the third-party has leadership power.
We generalize to the cases when remanufacturing achieves a quality level less than “good-as-new” and when used items have non-zero salvage value. Analysis of these extensions illuminates how relative power in the reverse channel drives the firms’ preferences, as well as the end customers’ consumption experience.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a closed-loop supply chain consisting of a manufacturer, a distributor and a third party, who are engaged in producing remanufactured products is considered, and the Stackelberg game is applied to attain the equilibrium strategies from the perspective of chain members' profits.
TL;DR: Li et al. as discussed by the authors investigated the environmental impact of the product using a life cycle analysis-based (LCA-based) approach and characterised the conditions under which the recovery of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) increases the environmental impacts.
TL;DR: Results show that a revenue-sharing contract for a RSC with multi-uncertainties can increase profit for the whole RSC as well as the remanufacturer and the retailer by eliminating double marginalization and an iterative algorithm is introduced to deal with difficulty in solving the implicit function of the payment to consumers under the non-uniform demand distribution.
Abstract: As an effective mode for resource recovery, remanufacturing has been widely recognized in practice and academia. However, coordination is needed and multi-uncertainties exist in a remanufacturing supply chain (RSC). Under a retailer collection mode, this paper extends the existing studies on a revenue-sharing mechanism for a forward supply chain to examine how to coordinate a RSC between a remanufacturer and a retailer by developing a mathematical model. This model considers two types of uncertainties, they are, the stochastic remanufacturability rate from the supply side of used products and the random demand occurring in remarketing of remanufactured products. This study fills the research gap on RSC coordination under the multi-uncertainty environment. Moreover, it introduces an iterative algorithm (the Newton–Raphson Method) to deal with difficulty in solving the implicit function of the payment to consumers under the non-uniform demand distribution by finding the approximate value. The research results show that a revenue-sharing contract for a RSC with multi-uncertainties can increase profit for the whole RSC as well as the remanufacturer and the retailer by eliminating double marginalization. Besides, the government subsidy to the remanufacturer can motivate the retailer to collect more used products under a revenue-sharing case since the retailer can share benefits of the whole RSC. A case study of remanufactured truck engines demonstrates benefits of the proposed revenue-sharing mechanism and the profit increase for the whole RSC with the government subsidy.
TL;DR: Three different stochastic models, with different probability distribution functions, are mathematically developed for multiple manufacturing and remanufacturing cycles to show the applicability of the developed models and also to perform a sensitivity analysis.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a process planning approach for combined additive and subtractive processes, using the concept of additive and machining features, and demonstrated the feasibility of combining these technologies for the manufacture of given parts from end-of-life (EoL) parts.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluate the remanufacturing concept which can be adopted by the electronic manufacturing industry and reveal differential steps debated by industry as well as academia in assets to reduce the amount of e-waste.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors developed the perceived quality of remanufactured products construct and associated measure, which can be used by both scholars and practitioners to aid in their selection of signals best suited to communicate quality expectations and standards.
TL;DR: A literature review of trends and issues related to the remanufacturing from the last five years was performed in this paper, including the types of remanufactured goods, the scale of the markets and national policies.
Abstract: The twenty-first century is a knowledge-based and increasingly environmental age. Many countries are introducing new policies and production concepts that are consistent with these trends. Recently, interest in recycle, reuse and remanufacturing technologies has been increasing, with the eco-friendly and energy-efficient production. One of these eco-friendly production methods, remanufacturing, is defined as a series of processes to re-commercialize end-of-life products and parts as new products. Various remanufacturing markets already exist throughout the world. However, the size and types of remanufacturing markets differ from country to country according to technological level and national policy. In this paper, a literature review of trends and issues related to the remanufacturing from the last five years was performed. Then, the global remanufacturing landscape, including the types of remanufactured goods, the scale of the markets and national policies in the major remanufacturing countries was summarized. Also, approaches in the design of disassembly and several remanufacturing technologies, including cleaning and repairing, are provided from the last three years.
TL;DR: In this article, a reverse engineering based approach is proposed to aid the remanufacturing processes of worn parts, which integrates 3D surface data collection, nominal model reconstruction, fine registration, extraction of additive/subtractive repair, tool path generation and actual machining process.
Abstract: The worn mechanical components/parts arrived in the remanufacturing system exhibit highly uncontrolled variabilities in failure conditions as well as structures and shape complexities. With the aid of reverse engineering (RE) technologies, a quick and accurate acquisition of the damaged areas of the worn part is attainable and thereby facilitates remanufacturing operations necessary to bring the parts back to like-new conditions. In this paper, a reverse engineering based approach is proposed to aid the remanufacturing processes of worn parts. The proposed approach integrates 3D surface data collection, nominal model reconstruction, fine registration, extraction of additive/subtractive repair, tool path generation and actual machining process, seeking to improve the reliability and efficiency of manual repair process. For nominal model reconstruction, a Prominent Cross-Section algorithm embedded with curvature constraint is proposed to automatically identify the boundary of the part's damaged area and thereby eliminate the defective point clouds from the reconstruction process. With the nominal reconstruction model and the 3D model of the worn part, a modified ICP algorithm integrating curvature and distance constraints is proposed to achieve a best-fit position of the two models by automatically identifying and eliminating the unreliable corresponding pairs through iterations. The proposed approach is demonstrated through remanufacturing of two different mechanical components and is approved to be efficient and effective.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the possibility of closing the chain in a textile company and the effects of such a decision on the profits of the chain and found that increase in rate of returns with low/medium qualities leads to higher profits since they create more suitable environmental and economic business opportunities.
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive list of criteria for material evaluation relevant to automotive remanufacturing has been developed and a multi-criteria decision-making technique, namely the Fuzzy Technique of ranking Preferences by Similarity to the Ideal Solution (Fuzzy TOPSIS), is adopted to evaluate the performance of the candidate materials based on the proposed criteria, which, to the authors' knowledge, is an area that has not been explored before.
TL;DR: In this article, the impact of supply or demand risk reduction on the CLSC's financial and environmental performances has been investigated based on the supply chain contract design theories and focusing on the acquisition process in closed-loop supply chains, and it is shown that different supply risk sharing contracts may result in both the recycling price and the remanufacturing production quantity decision to deviate from those decisions under centralized collection structure.
TL;DR: In this paper, a multi-product multi-echelon stochastic programming model with carbon constraint for sustainable reverse logistics design under uncertainty is presented, which can be used for providing decision-makers with a deep insight into the relationship between profit and carbon emission requirement, understanding and resolution of the infeasibility caused by capacity limitation, the use of flexible manufacturing system in reverse logistics, and proper use of the government subsidy as a leverage in reverse logistic design.