Showing papers on "Smart material published in 2001"
07 Aug 2001
TL;DR: In this paper, an inertial generator was developed that uses thick-film piezoelectric technologies to produce electrical power from vibrations in the environment of the device and validates the concept, and produces an output of 3uW.
Abstract: As MEMS and Smart Material technologies advance, embedded and remote applications are becoming more widespread. Powering these systems can be a significant engineering problem, as traditional solutions such as batteries are not always appropriate. An inertial generator is developed that uses thick-film piezoelectric technologies to produce electrical power from vibrations in the environment of the device. The device validates the concept, and produces an output of 3uW. Predictions show that orders of magnitude increase in power output are possible.
395 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the most current trends in piezoelectric actuation architectures and highlight the novel concepts used in each design to overcome the stroke limitation of the material.
Abstract: Significant advances in smart material actuators have taken place in the past decade. The holy grail of actuator research is an architecture that can generate high displacement and force throughout a broad frequency range while not consuming a significant amount of electrical power. The large appeal of using smart material actuators stems from their high mechanical energy density. However, all smart material actuators generally have at least one shortcoming involving either mechanical stroke, force, or frequency capability. Whenever speed is a consideration, piezoelectric actuation is the most commonly employed. The purpose of this paper is to review the most current trends in piezoelectric actuation architectures. The paper does not present the theoretical details of each actuator, but instead strives to highlight the novel concepts used in each design to overcome the stroke limitation of the material.
348 citations
TL;DR: This work considers the ideas of energy storage and minimum energy states of the Preisach model, and derives a passivity property of the model, which is useful in controller design and experimental results are included.
Abstract: The past decade has seen an increase in the use of smart materials in actuator design, notably for inclusion in active structures such as noise-reducing paneling or vibration-controlled buildings. Materials such as shape memory alloys (SMAs), piezoceramics, magnetostrictives and others all offer exciting new actuation possibilities. However, all of these materials present an interesting control challenge due to their nonlinear hysteretic behavior in some regimes. We look at the energy properties of the Preisach hysteresis model, widely regarded as the most general hysteresis model available for the representation of classes of hysteretic systems. We consider the ideas of energy storage and minimum energy states of the Preisach model, and derive a passivity property of the model. Passivity is useful in controller design, and experimental results are included showing control of a differential shape memory alloy actuator using a passivity-based rate controller.
162 citations
TL;DR: The authors envision computational nanotechnology's role in developing the next generation of multifunctional materials and molecular-scale electronic and computing devices, sensors, actuators, and machines.
Abstract: The authors envision computational nanotechnology's role in developing the next generation of multifunctional materials and molecular-scale electronic and computing devices, sensors, actuators, and machines. They briefly review computational techniques and provide a few recent examples derived from computer simulations of carbon nanotube-based molecular nanotechnology. The four core areas are: molecular-scale, ultralightweight, extremely strong, functional or smart materials; molecular-scale or nanoscale electronics with possibilities for quantum computing; molecular-scale sensors or actuators; and molecular machines or motors with synthetic materials. The underlying molecular-scale building blocks in all four areas are fullerenes and carbon nanotube-based molecular materials. Only the different aspects of their physical, chemical, mechanical, and electronic properties create the many applications possible with these materials in vastly different areas.
121 citations
TL;DR: In the relatively well established family of smart materials such as those based on ferroelectricity, piezoelectricity, magnetostriction, electrostriction and shape memory effect, there resides another sub-set of materials known as field responsive fluids.
106 citations
01 Jan 2001
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a Wavelet-based approach for dynamic control of Intelligent Piezoelectric Plate Structures with linear and nonlinear deformation, which can be used for active damping and health monitoring of aircraft panels.
Abstract: Preface. Welcome Addresses. Committees and Sponsors. Simultaneous Active Damping and Health Monitoring of Aircraft Panels D.J. Inman, et al. Decentralized Vibration Control and Coupled Aeroservoelastic Simulation of Helicopter Rotor Blades with Adaptive Airfoils B.A. Grohmann, et al. Design of Reduced-Order Controllers on a Representative Aircraft Fuselage M.J. Atalla, et al. Numerical Analysis of Nonlinear and Controlled Electromechanical Transducers R. Lerch, et al. Smart Structures in Robotics F. Dignath, et al. An Approach for Conceptual Design of Piezoactuated Micromanipulators K.D. Hristov, et al. Modelling and Optimisation of Passive Damping for Bonded Repair to Acoustic Fatigue Cracking L.R.F. Rose, C.H. Wang. A Localization Concept for Delamination Damages in CFRP S. Keye, et al. Structures with Highest Ability of Adaptation to Overloading J. Holnicki-Szulc, T. Bielecki. Bio-Inspired Study on the Structure and Process of Smart Materials and Structures B.L. Zhou, et al. MAO Technology of New Active Elements Reception S.N. Isakov, et al. Modeling of Bending Actuators Based on Functionally Gradient Materials T. Hauke, et al. Fabrication of Smart Actuators Based on Composite Materials H. Asanuma. On the Analytical and Numerical Modelling of Piezoelectric Fibre Composites M. Sester, Ch. Poizat. On Superelastic Deformation of NiTi Memory Alloy Micro-Tubes and Wires - Band Nucleation and Propagation Q.P. Sun, et al. The Damping Capacity of Shape Memory Alloys and its Use in the Development of Smart Structures R. Lammering, I. Schmidt. Prediction of Effective Stress-Strain Behavior of SM Composites with Aligned SMA Short-Fibers J. Wang, Y.P. Shen. Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Shape Memory Alloy Devices Using a Real Multi-Dimensional Model X. Gao, et al. The Role of Thermomechanical Coupling in the Dynamic Behavior of Shape Memory Alloys O. Heintze, et al. Dynamic Instability of Laminated Piezoelectric Shells X.M. Yang, et al. Flexural Analysis of Piezoelectric Coupled Structures Q. Wang, S.T. Quek. Active Noise Control Studies Using the Rayleigh-Ritz Method S.V. Gopinathan, et al. A Wavelet-Based Approach for Dynamic Control of Intelligent Piezoelectric Plate Structures with Linear and Nonlinear Deformation Y.-H. Zhou, et al. On Finite Element Analysis of Piezoelectric Controlled Smart Structures H. Berger, et al. A Study on Segmentation of Distributed Piezoelectric Sectorial Actuators in Annular Plates A. Tylikowski. Thin-Walled Smart Laminated Structures: Theory and Some Applications N.N. Rogacheva. Precision Actuation of Micro-Space Structures S.-S. Lih, et al. Experimental Studies on Soft Core Sandwich Plates with a Built-in Adaptive Layer H. Abramovich, H.-R. Meyer-Piening. Simulation of Smart Composite Materials of the Type of MEM by Using Neural Network Control V.D. Koshur. Damage Detection in Structures by Electrical Impedance and Optimization Technique V. Lopes, Jr., et al. Optimal Placement of Piezoelectric Actuators to Interior Noise Control I. Hagiwara, et al. Simultaneous Optimization of Actuator Placement and Structural Parameters by Mathematical and Genetic Optimization Algorithms G. Locatelli, et al. Suitable Algorithms for Model Updating and their Deployment for Smart Structures M.W. Zehn, O. Martin. Bending Analysis of Piezoelectric Laminates M.H. Zhao, et al. Buckling of Curved Column and Twinning Deformation Effect Y. Urushiyama, et al. Electronic Circuit Modeling and Analysis of Distributed Structronic Systems H.S. Tzou, J.
73 citations
TL;DR: A discussion of smart or active materials, i.e. materials having capabilities of sensing changes from the surrounding environment and actively responding to those inputs in an effective manner, and illustrations from several current ARO-sponsored research projects related to smart materials and adaptive structures.
Abstract: The Army Research Office (ARO) has been supporting projects focusing on basic research in the area of smart materials and adaptive structures over recent years. A major emphasis of the ARO's Structures and Dynamics Program has been on the theoretical, computational, and experimental analysis of smart structures and structural dynamics, damping, active control, and health monitoring as applied to rotorcraft, electromagnetic antenna structures, missiles, land vehicles, and weapon systems. The variety of research projects supported by the program have been primarily directed towards improving the ability to predict, control, and optimize the dynamic response of complex, multi-body deformable structures. The projects in the field of smart materials and adaptive structures have included multi-disciplinary research conducted by teams of several faculty members as well as research performed by individual investigators. This paper begins with a brief discussion of smart or active materials, i.e. materials having capabilities of sensing changes from the surrounding environment and actively responding to those inputs in an effective manner. Integrating these materials in structures makes them `smart', i.e. it provides them with the capability to respond to the external stimuli to compensate for undesired effects and/or to enhance the desired effects. The terms `active', `smart', `adaptive', and `intelligent' are frequently used interchangeably in this context. This discussion is followed by illustrations from several current ARO-sponsored research projects related to smart materials and adaptive structures. A summary of significant results based upon these investigations is given next. Finally, directions of potential future research in the smart materials and adaptive structures area are discussed.
60 citations
01 Jun 2001
TL;DR: In this article, a method using a combination of FEA and a complex stiffness model of a resistively shunted piezoelectric element is described for modeling the power than can be produced from piezOElectric inertial generators.
Abstract: As MEMS and Smart Material technologies advance, embedded and remote applications are becoming more widespread. Powering these systems can be a significant engineering problem, as traditional solutions such as batteries are not always appropriate. A method is described for modelling the power than can be produced from piezoelectric inertial generators. The method uses a combination of FEA and a complex stiffness model of a resistively shunted piezoelectric element. The model is verified with experimental results. Although the prototype produces only 3µW, the model reveals that orders of magnitude increase in power output are possible.
52 citations
TL;DR: An experimental investigation of vibration testing and control of an inflated thin-film torus is presented in this paper, where smart materials, which can be fully integrated into an inflatable space system, could be used as sensors or actuators in order to find modal parameters and to reduce vibrations.
Abstract: An experimental investigation of vibration testing and control of an inflated thin-film torus is presented. Lightweight inflatable structures are a viable alternative in aerospace structure design. These structures, however, pose special problems in testing and in controlling vibrations due to their extremely lightweight, flexible, and high-damping properties. In this study, we show that smart materials, which can be fully integrated into an inflatable space system, could be used as sensors/actuators in order to find modal parameters and to reduce vibrations. The results indicate the potential smart materials for use in the dynamics and control of inflated structures.
52 citations
Abstract: Polymer gels are unique smart materials in the sense that they can respond to many different stimuli. In this paper we report how poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (abbreviated as PNIPA) and other polymer hydrogels can be used to construct an intelligent gel-glass which can moderate the amount of light and radiated heat. This environmental sensitive glass, which is a smart hydrogel layer placed between two glass or plastic sheets, becomes opaque when the temperature exceeds a critical value. It becomes transparent again if it is cooled down. The adaptive properties of gel-glasses make them a promising materials to protect from strong sunlight and heat radiation. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
43 citations
14 Jun 2001
TL;DR: The Smart Wing Phase 2, Test 2 is to demonstrate high-rate actuation of hingeless control surfaces using smart material-based actuators as discussed by the authors, which is similar to those specified for many of the existing military platforms with hinged control surfaces.
Abstract: A key objective of the Smart Wing Phase 2, Test 2 is to demonstrate high-rate actuation of hingeless control surfaces using smart material-based actuators. Actuation rates resulting in a minimum of 20 degree(s) flap deflection in 0.33 sec, producing a sweep rate of at least 60 degree(s)/sec, are desired. This sweep rate is similar to those specified for many of the existing military platforms with hinged control surfaces. The ability to deploy control surfaces without discrete hingeline would, however, enhance platform mission by reducing radar cross section and improving aerodynamic performance. Studies on numerous actuation concepts and flexible structures were executed during the early and mid phase of the program in an effort to satisfy these goals. In the first study, several actuation concepts with different transducers were modeled and analyzed. These concepts included distributed piezoelectric stack actuators with and without hydraulic amplifiers and pumps, antagonistic tendon actuation, and eccentuation. The transducers selected for the trade studies included piezoelectric ultrasonic motors, actively cooled SMA, ferromagnetic SMA, and stacks made from piezoelectric ceramic wafer, piezoelectric single crystal wafer, irradiated PVDF-TrFE film, and dielectric elastomer film. Although many of the technologies are not fully mature, they provide a glimpse of what improvements could be possible with their successful development. The studies showed that distributed polymer stacks provided the most elegant solution, but eccentuation was deemed the most realistic and lowest risk approach to attaining the program goals. A common issue to all the concepts was the structural stiffness that the actuators worked against. This was resolved in the second study by developing a flexcore- elastomeric skin trailing edge structure with eccentuation using high power ultrasonic motors. This paper describes the two studies and the final concept in detail.© (2001) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
01 Nov 2001-Microsystem Technologies-micro-and Nanosystems-information Storage and Processing Systems
TL;DR: In this article, the shape memory alloys have been recognized to be a smart material, and actuator elements based on shape memory effect have increasingly used in various fields of application.
Abstract: Since shape memory alloys have been recognized to be a smart material, actuator elements based on the shape memory effect have been increasingly used in various fields of application. This paper reports on the design and fabrication of several silicon microactuators driven by shape memory elements, namely mechanical microgrippers, microvalves and artificial muscle actuators. The actuators were designed as compliant mechanisms and fabricated by silicon micromachining. For the processing of the shape memory elements a new laser assisted technology was applied. The shape memory elements were connected to the silicon mechanisms either by positive joining or by adhesive bonding.
TL;DR: In this paper, a model-free controller for multi-link smart material robots is presented, which allows controller design in the absence of a system model, and provides additional degrees of freedom in feedback control design.
Abstract: Model-free controllers for multi-link smart material robots are presented. The approach allows controller design in the absence of a system model which is complex and difficult to obtain for multi-link smart material robots, and provides additional degrees of freedom in feedback control design. Simulation results are provided to show the effectiveness of the presented approach.
TL;DR: In this paper, a new kind of ERF based on silica carried lithium salt of phenolic polymer particles dispersed in silicon oil is developed, which behaves adaptive viscoelasticity while the control parameter is the electric field strength.
23 Oct 2001
TL;DR: In this article, the physical basis of active materials behavior is discussed and a brief review of the physical properties of the active materials behaviour is presented. But it is at the actuation end of the equation that smart materials and structures present the greatest challenge.
Abstract: During the last decade constant improvements have been made in materials and structures design and control. But now some performance objectives cannot be achieved using classical technologies and require the use of the smart materials concept. But it is at the actuation end of the equation that smart materials and structures present the greatest challenge. It is here in particular that improved and even new materials have a leading role to play. Piezoelectrics, electrostrictives, photostrictives, magnetostrictives, electroactive polymers, shape memory materials, carbon nanotubes, rheological fluids,...all have their important contributions to make. So this paper aims to perform a brief review of the physical basis of the active materials behaviour.
Journal Article•
14 Jun 2001
TL;DR: The Miniature Vibration Isolation System (MVIS) as discussed by the authors is a system-level demonstration of the application of advanced smart materials and structures technology that will enable programmable and retrofittable vibration control of spacecraft precision payloads.
Abstract: In recent years, there has been a significant interest in, and move towards using highly sensitive, precision payloads on space vehicles. In order to perform tasks such as communicating at extremely high data rates between satellites using laser cross-links, or searching for new planets in distant solar systems using sparse aperture optical elements, a satellite bus and its payload must remain relatively motionless. The ability to hold a precision payload steady is complicated by disturbances from reaction wheels, control moment gyroscopes, solar array drives, stepper motors, and other devices. Because every satellite is essentially unique in its construction, isolating or damping unwanted vibrations usually requires a robust system over a wide bandwidth. The disadvantage of these systems is that they typically are not retrofittable and not tunable to changes in payload size or inertias. Previous work, funded by AFRL, DARPA, BMDO and others, developed technology building blocks that provide new methods to control vibrations of spacecraft. The technology of smart materials enables an unprecedented level of integration of sensors, actuators, and structures; this integration provides the opportunity for new structural designs that can adaptively influence their surrounding environment. To date, several demonstrations have been conducted to mature these technologies. Making use of recent advances in smart materials, microelectronics, Micro-Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) sensors, and Multi-Functional Structures (MFS), the Air Force Research Laboratory along with its partner DARPA, have initiated an aggressive program to develop a Miniature Vibration Isolation System (MVIS) (patent pending) for space applications. The MVIS program is a systems-level demonstration of the application of advanced smart materials and structures technology that will enable programmable and retrofittable vibration control of spacecraft precision payloads. The current effort has been awarded to Honeywell Space Systems Operation. AFRL is providing in-house research and testing in support of the program as well. The MVIS program will culminate in a flight demonstration that shows the benefits of applying smart materials for vibration isolation in space and precision payload control.© (2001) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
Patent•
21 Jun 2001TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an actuator having a shaft delivering mechanical power to a load, a first active element adapted to be driven by an oscillating signal, and at least one mechanical diode operatively connected to the shaft in the act of development.
Abstract: The present invention is actuator having a shaft delivering mechanical power to a load, a first active element adapted to be driven by an oscillating signal, and at least one mechanical diode operatively connected to the shaft in the act of development. A plurality of mechanical diodes may also be used. Mechanical diodes can be either rotary mechanical diodes or linear mechanical diodes. The mechanical diodes can also be bi-directional.
14 Jun 2001
TL;DR: In this paper, a model has been developed which allows a fast assessment of the dynamic behavior of a structure with integrated smart materials, and the results of this model are presented for a flat steel plate with bonded piezoceramic foils.
Abstract: The demand in the automobile sector for greater comfort in the vehicle is of a high importance alongside the requirements for a low emission of pollutants. With regard to a higher comfort the reduction of the interior noise level is mostly associated with a higher structural weight. It is for this reason that the application of so-called intelligent materials is appropriate since these can be used to realize an overall adaptive system. The materials under discussion are pizeceramic foils and fibers which can easily be fitted to thin-walled structures like a roof panel or a dash-board. Investigations have shown that the knowledge of the dynamic structural behavior is vital at the design of an adaptive system. Mostly this knowledge can only be gained by using sophisticated numerical models associated with a great effort of computing time. In order not to expand the computing time a model has been developed which allows a fast assessment of the dynamic behavior of a structure with integrated smart materials. The results of this model are presented for a flat steel plate with bonded piezoceramic foils. The accuracy of this model is being proved by the presentation of experimental results.
TL;DR: In this article, the dynamics of piezoelectric solids are studied computationally with a mathematical model coupling the equation of motion, the Maxwell equation for electric field and the energy balance equation.
16 Jul 2001
TL;DR: In this article, a new concept to classify responsive polymer gels was introduced and a new driving mechanism was discovered to induce deformation and movement of neutral polymer gel in nonconducting medium.
Abstract: Electric-, and magnetic field sensitive polymer gels are soft smart materials whose elastic and thermodynamic properties are strong function of the field strength imposed upon them. Since electric and magnetic fields are convenient stimuli from the point of signal control, therefore it is of great importance to develop and study such gel systems. In the first part of this paper we introduce a new concept to classify responsive polymer gels. Then it is followed by the discussion of a new driving mechanism which was discovered to induce deformation and movement of neutral polymer gels in non-conducting medium. Bending of weakly crosslinked poly(dimethyl siloxane) gels containing finely distributed TiO 2 particles as well as colloidal iron particles has been studied in silicon oil. Under electric field these gels undergo a significant and quick deformation.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed seismic control techniques for civil engineering structures, and developments of smart materials for vibration and noise control, and investigated the optimum position of sensors/actuators and damping.
Abstract: For the potential application of smart materials to seismic structural control, this paper reviews seismic control techniques for civil engineering structures, and developments of smart materials for vibration and noise control. Analytical and finite element methods adopted for the design of distributed sensors/ actuators using piezoelectric materials are discussed. Investigation of optimum position of sensors/actuators and damping are also outlined.
21 Aug 2001
TL;DR: Smart structures are a result of effective integration of control system design and signal processing with the structural systems to maximally utilize the new advances in materials for structures, actuation and sensing to obtain the best performance for the application at hand.
Abstract: Smart structures are a result of effective integration of control system design and signal processing with the structural systems to maximally utilize the new advances in materials for structures, actuation and sensing to obtain the best performance for the application at hand. The research in smart structures is constantly driving towards attaining self adaptive and diagnostic capabilities that biological systems possess. This has been manifested in the number of successful applications in many areas of engineering such as aerospace, civil and automotive systems. Instrumental in the development of such systems are smart materials such as piezo-electric, shape memory alloys, electrostrictive, magnetostrictive and fiber-optic materials and various composite materials for use as actuators, sensors and structural members. The need for development of control systems that maximally utilize the smart actuators and sensing materials to design highly distributed and highly adaptable controllers has spurred research in the area of smart structural modeling, identification, actuator/sensor design and placement, control systems design such as adaptive and robust controllers with new tools such a neural networks, fuzzy logic, genetic algorithms, linear matrix inequalities and electronics for controller implementation such as analog electronics, micro controllers, digital signal processors (DSPs) and application specific integrated circuits (ASICs) such field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) and Multichip modules (MCMs) etc. In this paper, we give a brief overview of the state of control in smart structures. Different aspects of the development of smart structures such as applications, technology and theoretical advances especially in the area of control systems design and implementation will be covered.
TL;DR: In this paper, an array of surface mounted lead zirconate titanate and polyvinylidene fluoride sensors was used for the detection of disbond under a repair patch.
Abstract: This paper reports on a numerical study in which an array of surface mounted lead zirconate titanate and polyvinylidene fluoride sensors was used for the detection of disbond under a repair patch. The two techniques used for detecting these disbonds were an impedance method and the transfer function method. It was found that an array of smart materials could locate and determine the extent of damage. The results also showed that the location and size of the sensor used are dependent on the location and size of the disbond to be detected or monitored.
21 May 2001
TL;DR: Model-free controllers are presented for multi-link smart materials robots derived from the basic energy-work relationship in the absence of the system model which is complex and difficult.
Abstract: Model-free controllers are presented for multi-link smart materials robots. The controllers are derived from the basic energy-work relationship in the absence of the system model which is complex and difficult. To obtain for multi-link smart materials robots. The smart materials bonded along the links are used to apply additional control to suppress the residue vibration effectively. One can achieve not only the closed-loop stability of the original system, but also the asymptotic stability of the truncated system, which is obtained through representing the deflection of each link by an arbitrary finite number of flexible modes. Simulation results are provided to show the effectiveness of the presented approach.
TL;DR: In this paper, the depositing process of heterostructures was analyzed in terms of surface morpology and the ferroelectric properties of the PZT layer were measured.
06 Aug 2001
TL;DR: In this paper, an integrated fiber optic sensing system for simultaneous refractive index and temperature measurements has been designed and developed in order to monitor the curing process of thermoset based composites.
Abstract: In the last decade, in light of their superior mechanical properties advanced polymer matrix composites have been indicated as the most suitable candidates as Smart Materials and Structures. However, their final properties are strongly dependent on the processing stage and key points to improve the quality and the reliability of these materials that have been identified in the cure monitoring and the optimization of the manufacturing process. Based on this line of argument, an integrated fiber optic sensing system for simultaneous refractive index and temperature measurements has been designed and developed in order to monitor the curing process of thermoset based composites. A fiber optic refractometer has been designed by using the free end of the sensing optical fiber. A theoretical model has been developed for converting refractive index changes in detailed information on the extent of the curing. Its validation has been proved by comparison with calorimetric characterization. In addition, integrated fiber Bragg gratings has been used for local temperature measurements. The interrogation of the sensing Bragg grating has been implemented by using a different fiber Bragg grating able to convert the resonance wavelength shift in intensity changes. Preliminary results are presented.
TL;DR: A powerful new family of high-performance actuators and sensors is shaking up the motion control industry as discussed by the authors, called Thunder, which are capable of delivering extraordinarily high displacement at substantial forces in a compact, energy efficient package.
08 Jul 2001
TL;DR: In this paper, a fiber optic multiparameter sensing system is presented for process and structural health monitoring in concrete structures, which can be used for temperature and strain measurements in concrete buildings.
Abstract: In this work, a fiber optic multiparameter sensing system is presented It could be used for process and structural health monitoring in concrete structures. Reflectometric technique has been implemented for refractive index measurements by using as transducer the fiber end/host interface. Results on the capability of the developed sensor to monitor the curing process of thermoset based composites are presented. The integration with fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) with the aim to perform temperature and strain measurements has been discussed. Two low cost intensity based demodulation techniques for FBG interrogation have been developed and tested. Preliminary experimental results are shown.