Showing papers on "Styrene-butadiene published in 2008"
TL;DR: In this article, a mixture of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was used in a 50:50 blend of solution-styrene-butadiene rubber and butadiene polyurethane rubber.
263 citations
TL;DR: It was found out that the polymer addition minimizes the short and long term aging of HMA, and improved the conventional properties and mechanical properties of the base bitumen.
237 citations
TL;DR: Sorbic acid (SA) was used to improve the performance of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)/halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) nanocomposites by direct blending.
185 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the curability, mechanical properties, microstructure and the thermal stability of a variety of composites based on nanokaolin were studied using vulcanization techniques, mechanical testing, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD).
127 citations
TL;DR: Measurements indicate PAH formation at a relatively lower temperature as compared to conventional fuel, such as coal and diesel, which indicates the PAH sequence is not simply the constructing of larger PAHs from smaller ones to achieve the complex polymer structures.
Abstract: This study has been carried out to characterize the thermal decomposition of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), using thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) coupled to online GC/MS, and to investigate the formation and ultimate fate of chemical species produced during gasification of SBR. A preliminary mechanistic understanding has been developed to explain the formation and relationship of light hydrocarbons (C1–C4), substituted aromatics, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) during the decomposition of SBR in a N2 atmosphere. Identification and absolute concentrations of over 50 major and minor species (from hydrogen to benzo[ghi]perylene) have been established, and the measurements have been carried out between 300 and 500 at 10 °C/min heating rate in a N2 atmosphere. The concentration of styrene reached 120 PPMV and the concentration of other substituted aromatics, such as toluene and ethyl benzene reached 20 and 5 PPMV, respectively. These measurements indicate PAH formation at a relatively lower temp...
96 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of in situ modification of silica with bis-(3-(triethoxysilyl)-propyl)-tetrasulfide (TESPT) on filler network in silica filled solution SBR compound was investigated.
Abstract: The influence of in situ modification of silica with bis-(3-(triethoxysilyl)-propyl)-tetrasulfide (TESPT) on filler network in silica filled solution SBR compound was investigated. In situ modification greatly increased the bound rubber content. TEM observation of silica gel showed that bridging and interlocking of absorbed chains on the surface of silica particles formed the filler network. Rubber processing analyzer (RPA) was used to characterize the filler network and interaction between silica and rubber by strain and temperature sweeps. In situ modification improved the dispersion of silica, and in the meantime, the chemical bonds were formed between silica and rubber, which conferred the stability of silica dispersion during the processing. Compared to the compound without in situ modification, the compound with in situ modification of silica exhibited higher tan δ at low strains and lower tan δ at high strains, which can be explained in terms of filler network in the compounds. After in situ modification, DMTA results showed silica-filled SSBR vulcanizate exhibited higher tan δ in the temperature range of −30 to 10°C, and RPA results showed that it had lower tan δ at 60°C when the strain was more than 3%. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
72 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a hyper-viscoelastic constitutive equation was proposed to describe the rate-dependent material behavior of the rubber based on thermodynamics principles, which was implemented in ABAQUS Explicit via a user-defined subroutine and used to predict the tensile impact response of rubber sheets in the experiments.
61 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the mutual influence between polypropylene (PP) and polystyrene (PS) polymer blend components during UV photodegradation was studied, and it was shown that PS absorbs UV light and energy is transferred to PP, which produces more reactive tertiary carbon free radicals.
55 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the properties of styrene butadiene rubber/virgin acrylonitrile-butadiene (SBR/vNBR) and SBR/rNBR blends were investigated.
Abstract: Curing characteristics and mechanical and morphological properties of styrene butadiene rubber/virgin acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (SBR/vNBR) and styrene butadiene rubber/recycled acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (SBR/rNBR) were investigated. Results indicated that the curing characteristics, such as scorch time, t2, and cure time, t90, of SBR/vNBR and SBR/rNBR blends decreased with increasing vNBR and rNBR content. At similar blend ratios, particularly up to 15 phr, SBR/rNBR blends exhibited higher t2 and t90 compared with SBR/vNBR blends. Minimum torque (ML) and maximum torque (MH) of SBR/vNBR blends significantly increased with increasing vNBR content. For SBR/rNBR blends, ML increased with increasing rNBR content, but MH exhibited the opposite trend. Tensile strength, elongation at break (Eb), resilience, and fatigue decreased with increasing virgin and recycled NBR content in both blends. Up to 15 phr, the tensile strength, Eb and fatigue life (Kc) of SBR/rNBR blends were higher than in SBR/vNBR blen...
50 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a serial thermal conduction model that takes into account the contribution of each phase to the thermal diffusivity was used to fit the experimental results, and the specific heat capacity of the compounds was also determined.
47 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the pyrolysis of SBR (styrene-butadiene rubber) was investigated by a dynamic thermogravimetric apparatus, where it was possible to treat samples in form of cylinders with a weight of about 30 grams.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of microwave frequency, namely 9.6 GHz and 26GHz, as well as chemical modification brought about by vulcanization and reinforcement on dielectric constant values was probed.
Abstract: Studies on dielectric property of natural rubber (NR) and some synthetic rubbers viz., styrene butadiene rubber (SBR), nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), ethyl vinyl acetate rubber (EVA), PVC nitrile, butyl rubber, silicon rubber, neoprene, chlorosulphonated monomer, polyacrylic, fluorocarbon rubber, reclaimed rubber and polyblends of natural rubber with NBR and EPDM were carried out using microwave test bench system at X-band and K-band microwave frequencies. Analysis of dielectric property is inevitable since they determine the end electrical applications, per se, insulation. Present work is aimed at the determination of dielectric constant by using the method proposed by Robert and Von-Hippel. A systematic analytical approach was adopted in evaluating the data generated on dielectric constants for a variety of rubber materials. Interesting results were obtained by comparing dielectric constant values. The effect of microwave frequency, namely 9.6 GHz and 26GHz, as well as chemical modification brought about by vulcanization and reinforcement on dielectric constant values was probed. It appears from the study that among all samples polyblend of NR with EPDM posses interesting dielectric behaviour making it unique.
TL;DR: In this paper, the mechanical behavior of styrene/butadiene triblock copolymers and their blends with high molecular weight polystyrene (PS) homopolymer was studied.
Abstract: The mechanical behavior of styrene/butadiene triblock copolymers and their blends with high molecular weight polystyrene (PS) homopolymer was studied. Symmetric triblock copolymers with two PS end blocks of equal length (SBS) were compared with asymmetric triblocks with end blocks of different lengths (S1BS2) and with asymmetric triblocks comprising a styrene/butadiene composition gradient in the middle block (S1GS2). The precise molecular architecture of these copolymers and its role on morphology and properties were described elsewhere (Macromolecules 2007, 40, 2432.). Here, immiscible blends of these copolymers with long PS chains are discussed. While solvent casting yields the expected phase separation, melt extrusion produces tough and transparent blends with metastable submicrometer scale dispersions of soft microdomains highly controlled by processing. The particular molecular architecture of gradient asymmetric triblocks significantly improves ductility of these nanostructured blends. The volume f...
TL;DR: In this article, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)/clay nanocomposite or hybrid systems were synthesized via mechanical mixing of SBR using a Brabender mixer and a 2-roll mill in the presence of unmodified sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT) clay, MMT modified with octadecylamine (C18amine), mixtures modified with a zwitterionic surfactant, octadecyl betaine (C 18DMB), and mixtures with a polymerizable cationic surfact
Abstract: Five styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR)/clay nanocomposite or hybrid systems were synthesized via mechanical mixing of SBR using a Brabender mixer and a 2-roll mill in the presence of unmodified sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT) clay, MMT modified with octadecylamine (C18amine), MMT modified with a zwitterionic surfactant, octadecyldimethyl betaine (C18DMB), and MMT modified with a polymerizable cationic surfactant, vinylbenzyl octadecyldimethyl ammonium chloride (VODAC) or vinylbenzyl dodecyldimethyl ammonium chloride (VDAC). The surfactant chain length and functional groups affected the dispersion of clay nanolayers in the matrix and the overall properties of the nanocomposites. X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed peaks corresponding to intercalated structures; transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations agreed well with XRD assessment of the composites. SBR/VODAC-MMT system exhibited the best dispersion among the nanocomposites studied. VODAC-MMT was partially exfoliated in SBR matrix and the a...
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of cross-linked and uncrosslinked styrene butadiene rubber/poly (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (SBR/EVA) blends were studied with reference to the effect of blend ratio, crosslinking systems, a compatibilizer viz. maleic-anhydride grafted poly [styrene-b-(ethyleneco-butylene)-b-styrene] (SEBS-g-MA), frequency and temperature.
Abstract: The dynamic mechanical behaviour of uncrosslinked and crosslinked styrene butadiene rubber/poly (ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (SBR/EVA) blends was studied with reference to the effects of blend ratio, crosslinking systems, a compatibilizer viz. maleic-anhydride grafted poly [styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene] (SEBS-g-MA), frequency and temperature. The two separate tan δ peaks, obtained during DMA, indicated the immiscibility of SBR/EVA system. The damping properties increased with SBR content for uncrosslinked and crosslinked blends. In the case of crosslinked systems, depending upon the type of crosslinking agent used, the glass transition temperature (T
g) of SBR phase has been found to be shifted to higher temperatures. The damping characteristics of the blends were observed to be affected by the variations in frequency. The addition of the compatibilizer improved the storage modulus and reduced the damping properties. These results have been correlated with the morphology of the blends, attested by scanning electron micrographs. The activation energy for glass transition has been computed. The experimental data on storage modulus were compared with theoretical predictions.
TL;DR: In this paper, the thermal degradation behavior of nanocomposites based on Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), polybutadiene rubber (BR), and Acylonitrile Butadienes Rubber (NBR) with 19, 34% and 50% acrylonitrire contents respectively, and sodium montmorillonite (designated as N) and octadecyl amine modified sodium montorillonite clays have been investigated.
Abstract: The thermal degradation behavior of nanocomposites based on Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), Polybutadiene Rubber (BR) andAcylonitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR) with 19%, 34% and 50% acrylonitrile contents respectively, and sodium montmorillonite (designated as N) and octadecyl amine modified sodium montmorillonite (designated as OC) clays have been investigated. The thermal degradation pattern depends on the type of the matrix and the clay, polarity of rubber and loading of the filler. In general with the addition of the modified clay, there is a significant change in thermal stability. For example, there is a shift of T max , (the temperature at which rate of degradation is maximum) towards higher temperature and a decrease in the rate of degradation. The activation energy of degradation calculated from the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method increases with the loading of the clay up to 4 parts. Filler loading beyond 4 parts in NBR with 34% acrylonitrile content causes a decrease in the T max value. The degradation rate for the same rubber in air is generally higher than that of the same in the nitrogen atmosphere. The results have been explained by using X-ray data.
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact strength of polypropylene was investigated using wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), POM, SEM, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis.
Abstract: The mechanical properties and morphologies of PP/SBR/SiO2 nanocomposites have been studied using mechanical testing, wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), polarizing optical microscopy (POM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The mechanical properties of neat polypropylene can be considerably improved by synergistically filling with SiO2 and SBR nanoparticles, especially for the notched Izod impact strength. The results from the WAXD, POM, SEM, DSC, and TGA measurements reveal that: (i) the β-phase crystal structure of PP is formed when SiO2 and SBR nanoparticles are synergistically filled with polypropylene and its formation plays a role for the enhancement of the impact strength for PP/SBR/SiO2 nanocomposites; (ii) the dispersion of SiO2 and SBR nanoparticles in PP/SBR/SiO2 composites is homogeneous, indicating that synergistic incorporating method decreases the aggregation of nanoparticles and thus increases the sites for dissipation of shock for impact energy in PP/SBR/SiO2 nanocomposites; (iii) the thermal analysis shows high thermal stability for the PP/SBR/SiO2 nanocomposites. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
TL;DR: In this paper, a single cell using the TiN nanoparticles-coated bipolar plates of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells was shown to have comparable cell performance with the graphite employing cell at a current density of 0.5 ǫ A cm −2 (12.5 A ).
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of fillers on the mechanical properties such as stress-strain behavior, tensile strength, percentage strain at-break, Young's modulus and tear strength have been investigated.
Abstract: The effect of fillers on the mechanical properties such as stress— strain behavior, tensile strength, percentage strain at-break, Young's modulus and tear strength have been investigated. Different filled crosslinked thermoplastic elastomers of styrene butadiene rubber (SBR)/high density polyethylene blends (HDPE) blends were prepared using silica, HAF-carbon black, china clay and TiO2. The extent of polymer-filler interaction has been analyzed by Kraus as well as Cunneen—Russell equation. The reinforcement ability of the filler was increased in the order of silica>HAF-black>clay>TiO 2. The nature of the filler and filler loading has a dramatic effect on the mechanical properties of SBR/ HDPE blends. Filled blends showed improved mechanical properties such as enhanced of strain at-break, when fillers are incorporated. The initial trend of properties for all filled system is the enhancement of properties. When HAF-black is used as the filler, at higher loading strain at- break is found to decrease due to t...
15 Sep 2008-Materials Science and Engineering A-structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing
TL;DR: In this paper, a static and dynamic analysis of functionally graded polymeric nanocomposites (FGPNCs) was carried out, and the dynamic properties like tensile strength and elongation at break droop down.
Abstract: The concentrations of sulfur and accelerator were varied in the nanocomposites of carbon black (CB)-filled styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) matrix to introduce the gradation of the crosslink density. These curatives were varied from 1 to 11 phr (per hundred rubber) along the span of 3-mm thick sheet using the construction-based layering method. The static and dynamic mechanical characterizations of these functionally graded polymeric nanocomposites (FGPNCs) were carried out. With increasing crosslink density along thickness, hardness and modulus increase while the ultimate properties like tensile strength and elongation at break droop down. The dynamic mechanical analysis of FGPNCs exhibits the increment in the storage modulus than the uniformly dispersed polymeric nanocomposites (UDPNCs) employing the same average amount of curatives. The peak position of tan δmax remains at the same temperature while the value mitigates in FGPNCs. In FGPNCs, tan δ peak intimates the broadness in the transition region.
TL;DR: In this paper, the SBR + NBR blends reinforced with a mesoporous silica and a precipitated silica are characterized by studying their miscibility by the determination of rubber bound, their changes in heat capacity at each glass transition temperature, and their mechanical performance.
Abstract: Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) blends are immiscible. Fillers can be used as compatibilizers. The SBR + NBR blends reinforced with a mesoporous silica and a precipitated silica are characterized by studying their miscibility by the determination of rubber bound, their changes in heat capacity at each glass transition temperature, and their mechanical performance. NBR is preferentially located at the silica surface improving its dispersion. Larger rubber + filler as well as SBR + NBR interphases are obtained for the blends reinforced with the mesoporous silica, whose high surface area and organized porous structure allow a better polymer + filler interaction. The reinforced blends present higher strength at break than each reinforced polymer alone. The best performance is attained for blends reinforced with mesoporous silica. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 00:000–000, 2008. a 2008 Society of Plastics Engineers
TL;DR: High molecular weight, high functionality diamino telechelic polybutadienes (TPBs) were synthesized by ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of 1,5-cyclooctadiene in the presence of a chain transfer agent, 1,8-dicyano-4-octene, followed by lithium aluminum hydride reduction.
TL;DR: In this paper, the ageing behavior due to the effects of heat, ozone, γ- radiation, and water on ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber/styrene butadiene rubber (EPDM/SBR) blends was studied.
Abstract: The ageing behavior due to the effects of heat, ozone, γ- radiation, and water on ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber/styrene butadiene rubber (EPDM/SBR) blends was studied. The tensile strength, crack initiation, ozone ageing, gamma radiation, and water resistance of the blends were measured and used to determine the extent of ageing. Tensile strength of blends of different compositions increased after thermal ageing for 96 h at 100°C probably due to the continued cross-linking. It has been observed that an increase in EPDM in the blends improves the ozone resistance of the blends. Crack initiation was noted only in blends with lesser amount of EPDM and the cracks in such blends were found deeper, wider and continuous. With 15 kGy irradiation dose, the tensile strength of the blends found to be decreased while it increased with 80 kGy dosage of γ-radiation. The elongation at break showed a decreasing trend with increased dosage of γ-radiation. It has also been observed that the EPDM rich blends showed negligible water uptake. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008
TL;DR: In this paper, several different rubber compounds comprising the same amount of silica were prepared with different rubber systems, respectively, and the processability, curing characteristics, and mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the rubber compounds were investigated to analyze the performance of rubber compounds as tire tread materials.
Abstract: As environmental regulations are getting stricter, tire industries for automobiles have shown much interest in substituting silica for conventional carbon black partially or entirely. To take full advantage of silica as fillers for rubbers, it is essential to find a reasonable rubber system that shows an excellent performance with silica reinforcement. Therefore, in this study, several different rubber compounds comprising the same amount of silica were prepared with several different rubber systems, respectively. The processability, curing characteristics, and mechanical and viscoelastic properties of the rubber compounds were investigated to analyze the performance of the rubber compounds as tire tread materials. Among the rubber compounds studied, SBR1721 compound comprising natural rubber (NR) and styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) with high styrene content was considered the most appropriate for application to tire tread materials. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Patent•
14 Aug 2008TL;DR: In this paper, the hyper-branched SBS block copolymer is characterized as having a ratio between light-scattering molecular weight (of non-di-block polymer) and GPC molecular weight(of di-block polymers) greater than 1.4.
Abstract: Hot melt adhesive compositions containing hyper-branched SBS block copolymers and end use applications thereof. The hyper-branched SBS is characterized in having a ratio between light-scattering molecular weight (of non-di-block polymer) and GPC molecular weight (of non-di-block polymer) greater than 1.4 and having ratio between light scattering molecular weight molecular weight (of non-di-block polymer) and light scattering molecular weight molecular weight (of di-block polymer) greater than 5. The ratio between light scattering molecular weight MW (of non-di-block polymer) and light scattering molecular weight MW (of di-block polymer) also defines the number of arms for the hyper branched structure. The weight average molecular weight of each arm of the hyper-branched SBS block copolymer is less than about 100,000. These are multipurpose adhesives finding utility as packaging, labeling, construction and positioning adhesives, and are particularly well suited for use as elastic attachment adhesives in the manufacture of elastic-containing products, such as disposable absorbent elastic articles.
01 Aug 2008-Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms
TL;DR: In this article, a polybutadiene copolymer was irradiated with CO-C-60 gamma-rays at 20 degrees C and 120 degrees C. The gel fraction increased with both absorbed doses and temperature.
Abstract: Styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer (SBS) of different configuration and block ratio were irradiated by (CO)-C-60 gamma-rays at 20 degrees C and 120 degrees C. The gel fraction and thermal properties before and after irradiation were discussed. The gel fraction increased with both absorbed doses and temperature. This means higher crosslinking efficiency was obtained at higher temperature. The radiation chemical yields were calculated according to the Charlesby-Pinner equation. The DSC analysis indicated that the crosslinking had taken place in the polybutadiene (PB) block while the chain scission of polystyrene (PS) block was dominant when irradiated at elevated temperature. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Patent•
20 Feb 2008
TL;DR: In this paper, a preparation method of a back lining material used as the back lining of carpets, more particularly relates to a preparation of the carpets and carboxylic styrene butadiene latex.
Abstract: The invention discloses a preparation method of a back lining material used as the back lining of carpets, more particularly relates to a preparation method of the carpets and carboxylic styrene butadiene latex. Butadiene and cinnamene are taken as main monomers, then functional monomers and auxiliary monomers are added, anion emulsifier and non-ionic emulsifier are used complexly, pyrolysis type persulfates of potassium peroxydisulfate water solution or ammonium persulfate water solution, etc. are used as activator, n-dodecylmercaptan is used as molecular weight regulator, a batch feeding or dropwise feeding way is adopted, and vacuum flashing desaeration is used for composing the environment protection carboxylic styrene butadiene latex used as the backing lining of carpets. The carboxylic styrene butadiene latex prepared by the method has good elasticity and enduring performance, high adhesion strength and low volatility harmful substances after being used in woven carpets and tufted carpets, thereby being a green environment protection product upon meeting the requirements of environment protection.
15 Mar 2008-Materials Science and Engineering A-structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing
TL;DR: The electrically conductive elastomer blends based on styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) tri-block copolymer and polyaniline-dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (PANI) were prepared by two methods, namely, melt mixing and in situ polymerization of aniline in the presence of SBS as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The electrically conductive elastomer blends based on styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS) tri-block copolymer and polyaniline–dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (PANI.DBSA) were prepared by two methods, namely, melt mixing and in situ polymerization of aniline in the presence of SBS. The influence of composition and synthetic methods on the properties of SBS/PANI has been studied. SBS/PANI blends are characterized for physico-mechanical properties such as density, tensile strength and tensile modulus. A drastic reduction in volume resistivity with increase in PANI content is noticed for blends prepared by in situ polymerization compared to melt mixing method. Using Porod's law we have estimated the interface thickness and the value turns out to be 0.55 ± 0.04 in all cases. The microstructural parameters such as long mean periodicity ( L M ), crystalline length ( L C ), amorphous length ( L A ), correlation length ( L COR ) and percentage of crystallinity are estimated in these blends using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data. The results are compared with mechanical and electrical properties.
TL;DR: The pyrolytic carbon black (PCB) made from used tires was used in styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) compounds and compared with other traditional fillers.
Abstract: The pyrolytic carbon black (PCB) made from used tires was used in styrene‐butadiene rubber (SBR). The basic properties of PCB were characterized. The effects of PCB on the processing properties of SBR compounds and the mechanical properties of vulcanizates were investigated and compared with other traditional fillers. The results showed that the chemical composition of PCB was mainly C, O, S, Zn and Si. The content of ash wa as much as 13.3%. The SEM photos showed that the primary particle size of PCB was smaller than that of N774, but the aggregate size was larger than that of N774. The effect of PCB on the processing properties of SBR compounds was similar to that of other fillers. The reinforcing effect of PCB was similar to that of N774, but inferior to that of N330.
Patent•
10 Nov 2008
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provided an article comprising a first layer and a second layer, and wherein the first layer is formed from a first composition comprising an ethylene/α-olefin/diene interpolymer, an isoprene rubber (synthetic), a natural rubber, a butadiene rubber, an styrene butadienes rubber and a styrene rubber.
Abstract: The invention provides an article comprising a first layer and a second layer, and wherein the first layer is formed from a first composition comprising an ethylene/α-olefin/diene interpolymer, an isoprene rubber (synthetic), a natural rubber, a butadiene rubber, a styrene butadiene rubber, a chloroprene rubber, a nitrile rubber, a hydrogenated nitrile rubber, a chlorinated polyethylene, a chlorosulfonated polyethylene, an ethylene/propylene rubber, an ethylene/diene copolymer, a fluoro rubber, a polyurethane, a silicone rubber, or a combination thereof; and wherein the second layer is formed from a second composition comprising a butyl rubber, a halobutyl rubber, polyvinylidene chloride, a brominated polymer derived from a copolymer of isobutylene and p-methyl styrene, a nitrile rubber, a chloroprene rubber, a chlorosulfonated polyethylene, a chlorinated polyethylene, a polyurethane, a fluoro rubber, or a combination thereof.