Christopher B. Newgard

TL;DR: Identifying ingredients in complementary foods, consumed during the transition from exclusive milk feeding to a fully weaned state, that increase the representation and expressed beneficial functions of growth-promoting bacterial taxa in the developing microbiota could provide an effective, affordable, culturally acceptable, and sustainable approach to treatment.

TL;DR: A case is built for the particular relevance of byproducts of the pyruvate/isocitrate cycle, NADPH and alpha-ketoglutarate, in control of GSIS.

TL;DR: It is concluded that CAR activation improves type 2 diabetes, and that these actions of CAR suggest therapeutic approaches to the disease.

TL;DR: Transplantation of the bear microbiota from summer and winter to germ-free mice transferred some of the seasonal metabolic features and demonstrated that the summer microbiota promoted adiposity without impairing glucose tolerance, suggesting that seasonal variation in the microbiota may contribute to host energy metabolism in the hibernating brown bear.

TL;DR: The reduced ability of PGC-1β to induce gluconeogenic genes is due, at least in part, to its inability to physically associate with and coactivate hepatic nuclear receptor 4α (HNF4α) and forkhead transcription factor O1 (FOXO1), two critical transcription factors that mediate the activation of gluc oneogenic gene expression by P GC-1α.