Showing papers by "David Matsumoto published in 2005"
National Institutes of Health1, Eötvös Loránd University2, Slovak Academy of Sciences3, Pusan National University4, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile5, University of Tartu6, Complutense University of Madrid7, Keele University8, Sapienza University of Rome9, University of Iowa10, University of Malta11, Cayetano Heredia University12, University of Melbourne13, University of Paris14, University of Ouagadougou15, University of Coimbra16, University of the Philippines Diliman17, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign18, University of Otago19, Victoria University of Wellington20, Al Akhawayn University21, Koç University22, Lund University23, The Catholic University of America24, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic25, University of Copenhagen26, University of Iceland27, American University of Beirut28, University of Belgrade29, University of Buenos Aires30, Susquehanna University31, National University of Malaysia32, San Francisco State University33, Queen's University Belfast34, International University, Cambodia35, University of Botswana36, Iwate Prefectural University37, Makerere University38, University of Virginia39, University of Ibadan40, University of British Columbia41, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras42, Andhra University43, University of Lausanne44, University of Ljubljana45, Queensland University of Technology46, Bunkyo Gakuin University47, Ramapo College48, Jagiellonian University49, University of Sussex50, University of Winnipeg51, Peking University52, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology53
TL;DR: Perceptions of national character appear to be unfounded stereotypes that may serve the function of maintaining a national identity.
Abstract: Most people hold beliefs about personality characteristics typical of members of their own and others' cultures. These perceptions of national character may be generalizations from personal experience, stereotypes with a "kernel of truth," or inaccurate stereotypes. We obtained national character ratings of 3989 people from 49 cultures and compared them with the average personality scores of culture members assessed by observer ratings and self-reports. National character ratings were reliable but did not converge with assessed traits. Perceptions of national character thus appear to be unfounded stereotypes that may serve the function of maintaining a national identity.
403 citations
TL;DR: A new measure of display rules that surveys 5 expressive modes: expression, deamplification, amplification, qualification, and masking is developed and two studies provide evidence for its internal and temporal reliability.
Abstract: As one component of emotion regulation, display rules, which reflect the regulation of expressive behavior, have been the topic of many studies. Despite their theoretical and empirical importance, however, to date there is no measure of display rules that assesses a full range of behavioral responses that are theoretically possible when emotion is elicited. This article reports the development of a new measure of display rules that surveys 5 expressive modes: expression, deamplification, amplification, qualification, and masking. Two studies provide evidence for its internal and temporal reliability and for its content, convergent, discriminant, external, and concurrent predictive validity. Additionally, Study 1, involving American, Russian, and Japanese participants, demonstrated predictable cultural differences on each of the expressive modes.
214 citations
01 Jan 2005
TL;DR: The authors examine the role of emotions in intercultural communication, and suggest that the ability to regulate emotion is one of the keys to effective inter-cultural communication and adjustment, and argue that emotion regulation is a gatekeeper ability that allows people to engage in successful conflict resolution that leads to effective, long-term inter-culture communication.
Abstract: In this chapter, we examine the role of emotions in intercultural communication, and suggest that the ability to regulate emotion is one of the keys to effective intercultural communication and adjustment. Previous work on intercultural communication effectiveness has generally focused on its cognitive components, including cultural knowledge, language proficiency, and ethnocentrism. Instead, we focus on emotion in intercultural communication episodes, and particularly on the skills necessary for the resolution of inevitable intercultural conflict. We argue that emotion regulation is a gatekeeper ability that allows people to engage in successful conflict resolution that leads to effective, long-term intercultural communication. We first describe the role of culture in the communication process, and then the concepts of intercultural communication, adaptation, and adjustment. We describe factors that previous research has identified related to adjustment, and then discuss strategies for engaging in successful intercultural communication, focusing on the role of emotions, but also highlighting the importance of critical thinking and openness/flexibility. We discuss a growth model of intercultural adjustment potential that has at its core the ability to regulate emotions. We review empirical support for this importance of emotion regulation to predict intercultural adjustment, and then review literature examining possible cultural differences in emotion regulation. Throughout, we blend literature from both communication and psychology in producing a unique perspective on this topic.
43 citations
TL;DR: The authors reported two studies examining the recognition of unilateral lip raise and tighten expressions as contempt using scalar ratings on multiple emotion categories, including anger and disgust, and found that the contempt expressions were judged as contempt regardless of whether they rated the external display of the expression or made an attribution about the internal experience of the expressor.
Abstract: This article reports two studies examining the recognition of unilateral lip raise and tighten expressions as contempt using scalar ratings on multiple emotion categories. Study 1 demonstrated that American and Japanese observers see these expressions as contempt, that the Japanese had significantly higher recognition rates, and that this difference occurred because Americans gave the anger and disgust labels higher ratings than did the Japanese. Study 2 replicated the finding that Americans see the contempt expressions as contempt, and did so regardless of whether they rated the external display of the expression or made an attribution about the internal experience of the expressor. This study is the first to show that native English speakers judge the contempt expressions as contempt using this task, although much inconsistency in judgments of contempt remains unexplained.
27 citations
TL;DR: Cultural variation within this Japanese group was observed and was associated with prehospital delay time, and patients with high independent construal of self were more likely to seek care at a hospital rather than a clinic compared to those with lower independent Constable of self.
27 citations
08 Nov 2005
TL;DR: The authors examine the role of emotions in intercultural communication, and suggest that the ability to regulate emotion is one of the keys to effective inter-cultural communication and adjustment, and argue that emotion regulation is a gatekeeper ability that allows people to engage in successful conflict resolution that leads to effective, long-term inter-culture communication.
Abstract: In this chapter, we examine the role of emotions in intercultural communication, and suggest that the ability to regulate emotion is one of the keys to effective intercultural communication and adjustment. Previous work on intercultural communication effectiveness has generally focused on its cognitive components, including cultural knowledge, language proficiency, and ethnocentrism. Instead, we focus on emotion in intercultural communication episodes, and particularly on the skills necessary for the resolution of inevitable intercultural conflict. We argue that emotion regulation is a gatekeeper ability that allows people to engage in successful conflict resolution that leads to effective, long-term intercultural communication. We first describe the role of culture in the communication process, and then the concepts of intercultural communication, adaptation, and adjustment. We describe factors that previous research has identified related to adjustment, and then discuss strategies for engaging in successful intercultural communication, focusing on the role of emotions, but also highlighting the importance of critical thinking and openness/flexibility. We discuss a growth model of intercultural adjustment potential that has at its core the ability to regulate emotions. We review empirical support for this importance of emotion regulation to predict intercultural adjustment, and then review literature examining possible cultural differences in emotion regulation. Throughout, we blend literature from both communication and psychology in producing a unique perspective on this topic.
4 citations