다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Although gold is the subject of one of the most ancient themes of investigation in science, its renaissance now leads to an exponentially increasing number of publications, especially in the context of emerging nanoscience and nanotechnology with nanoparticles and self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). We will limit the present review to gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), also called gold colloids. AuNPs are the most stable metal nanoparticles, and they present fascinating aspects such as their assembly of multiple types involving materials science, the behavior of the individual particles, size-related electronic, magnetic and optical properties (quantum size effect), and their applications to catalysis and biology. Their promises are in these fields as well as in the bottom-up approach of nanotechnology, and they will be key materials and building block in the 21st century. Whereas the extraction of gold started in the 5th millennium B.C. near Varna (Bulgaria) and reached 10 tons per year in Egypt around 1200-1300 B.C. when the marvelous statue of Touthankamon was constructed, it is probable that “soluble” gold appeared around the 5th or 4th century B.C. in Egypt and China. In antiquity, materials were used in an ecological sense for both aesthetic and curative purposes. Colloidal gold was used to make ruby glass 293 Chem. Rev. 2004, 104, 293−346

Gold nanoparticles: assembly, supramolecular chemistry, quantum-size-related properties, and applications toward biology, catalysis, and nanotechnology.

J. Appl. Cryst.の発刊に際して

Since the discovery of mechanically exfoliated graphene in 2004, research on ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials has grown exponentially in the fields of condensed matter physics, material science, chemistry, and nanotechnology. Highlighting their compelling physical, chemical, electronic, and optical properties, as well as their various potential applications, in this Review, we summarize the state-of-art progress on the ultrathin 2D nanomaterials with a particular emphasis on their recent advances. First, we introduce the unique advances on ultrathin 2D nanomaterials, followed by the description of their composition and crystal structures. The assortments of their synthetic methods are then summarized, including insights on their advantages and limitations, alongside some recommendations on suitable characterization techniques. We also discuss in detail the utilization of these ultrathin 2D nanomaterials for wide ranges of potential applications among the electronics/optoelectronics, electrocat...

Recent Advances in Ultrathin Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials

Structural alteration of cell wall polysaccharides from Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants

The population of Asia has increased rapidly to reach 3.9 billion, corresponding to 54% of the world’s population in 2014. The economy of the Asian region is also growing more rapidly compared with the rest of the world: the total GDP of Asian countries was 22 000 billion US$, which made up 29% of the whole world’s GDP last year. This growth further accentuates Asia’s remarkable contributions in the academic field. In view of this situation, the first “New Talent: Asia” themed issue of Dalton Transactions was published in 2011. The Guest Editor of the first issue, Prof. Masahiro Yamashita, highlighted in his Editorial the rapid growth in coordination chemistry in the Asian region by introducing the history of the Asian Conference on Coordination Chemistry (ACCC), held in Okazaki, Japan (1, 2007); Nanjing, China (2, 2009); and New Delhi, India (3, 2011). During the last four years, two more ACCCs have been held, the 4 in Jeju, Korea in 2013 and the 5 in Hong Kong this year. At every subsequent ACCC, the number of countries and regions contributing to the ACCC international committee has increased. Presently, 22 out of the 30 countries and regions in Asia are represented on the international committee, suggesting the incessant development of coordination chemistry in Asia. Reflecting the current situation, publication of a second “New Talent: Asia” themed issue was planned. It is my great honor and pleasure to have been nominated as the Guest Editor. For this occasion, I requested the members of the ACCC international committee to recommend young talented researchers to contribute to this issue, in addition to the general selection of possible contributors. I deeply appreciate the good recommendations of new talents from different countries and regions in Asia. In the present issue, 35 papers have been included. These include many outstanding articles full of originality, which is the most essential quality in science. I believe that innovative scientific topics can result from totally novel ideas, which are often derived from a variety of personalities and cultures, as the history of science and technology has verified. Asia is a region with high potential for such creativity. I hope that you thoroughly enjoy the science of the Asian new talents presented in the articles in this issue. Finally, I would like to express my heartfelt appreciation to Dr Guy Jones of Dalton Transactions for providing me with this opportunity, and Dr Helen Lunn and Anisha Ratan from the Dalton Transactions Editorial Office for their great effort and work on this themed issue since the publication was first planned more than a year ago.

New talent: Asia-Pacific

Cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemistry of an electropolymerized film of [Fe2(C10H8)(C10H7CClCHCHO)] (1) were carried out in acetonitrile with Bu4NPF6, Bu4NBF4, Bu4NClO4 or Bu4NHSO4 to determine how the two parameters concerning the stability of the mixed valence state, comproportionation constant, Kc, and mixing coefficient, α, depend on the type of counterions. The difference in electrolyte anions causes slight changes in α exhibiting the magnitude of delocalization of charge between two metal centers. However, significant changes in Kc, suggest that the ion-pairing and electrostatic repulsion are main factors that alter the electrochemical stability of the mixed valence state.

Electrolyte effects on mixed valence state stability of an electropolymerized bis(fulvalene)diiron film

The association between germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 pathogenic variants (mutations: gBRCAm) and ovarian cancer risk is well established. Germline testing alone cannot detect somatic BRCA1/2 pathogenic variants (sBRCAm), which is calculated based on the proportion of tumor BRCAm (tBRCAm) from tumor samples and gBRCAm. Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) results mainly from genetic/epigenetic alterations in homologous recombination repair‐related genes and can be evaluated by genomic instability status. In Japan, the prevalence of tBRCAm, sBRCAm, and HRD remains unclear. This multicenter, cross‐sectional, observational study, CHaRacterIzing the croSs‐secTional approach to invEstigate the prevaLence of tissue BRCA1/2 mutations in newLy diagnosEd advanced ovarian cancer patients (CHRISTELLE), evaluated the prevalence of tBRCAm, sBRCAm, and HRD in tumor specimens from newly diagnosed patients with ovarian cancer who underwent gBRCA testing. Of the 205 patients analyzed, 26.8% had a tBRCAm, including tBRCA1m (17.6%) and tBRCA2m (9.3%). The overall prevalence of tBRCAm, gBRCAm, sBRCAm, and HRD‐positive status was 26.8%, 21.5%, 6.3%, and 60.0%, respectively. The calculated sBRCAm/tBRCAm ratio was 23.6% (13/55), and the prevalence of gBRCA variant of uncertain significance was 3.9%. These results suggest gBRCA testing alone cannot clearly identify the best course of treatment, highlighting the importance of sBRCA testing in Japan. The present results also suggest that testing for tBRCA and HRD should be encouraged in advanced ovarian cancer patients to drive precision medicine.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/cas.15518

Japanese nationwide observational multicenter study of tumor BRCA1/2 variant testing in advanced ovarian cancer

http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/iel1/50/9035/00400723.pdf

Hiroshi Nishihara

Papers

Structural alteration of cell wall polysaccharides from Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants

New talent: Asia-Pacific

Electrolyte effects on mixed valence state stability of an electropolymerized bis(fulvalene)diiron film

Japanese nationwide observational multicenter study of tumor BRCA1/2 variant testing in advanced ovarian cancer

TE-TM Mode Splitter Using Directional Coupling Between Heterogenbous Waveguides in LiNb03