THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

正しい方法がわかる臨床基本手技 : from the New England journal of medicine

New generation adsorbents for water treatment.

Large-scale electrolysis of water for hydrogen generation requires better catalysts to lower the kinetic barriers associated with the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Although most OER catalysts are based on crystalline mixed-metal oxides, high activities can also be achieved with amorphous phases. Methods for producing amorphous materials, however, are not typically amenable to mixed-metal compositions. We demonstrate that a low-temperature process, photochemical metal-organic deposition, can produce amorphous (mixed) metal oxide films for OER catalysis. The films contain a homogeneous distribution of metals with compositions that can be accurately controlled. The catalytic properties of amorphous iron oxide prepared with this technique are superior to those of hematite, whereas the catalytic properties of a-Fe100-y-zCoyNizOx are comparable to those of noble metal oxide catalysts currently used in commercial electrolyzers.

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/early/2013/03/27/science.1233638.full.pdf

Photochemical Route for Accessing Amorphous Metal Oxide Materials for Water Oxidation Catalysis

Control of spontaneously emitted light lies at the heart of quantum optics. It is essential for diverse applications ranging from miniature lasers and light-emitting diodes, to single-photon sources for quantum information, and to solar energy harvesting. To explore such new quantum optics applications, a suitably tailored dielectric environment is required in which the vacuum fluctuations that control spontaneous emission can be manipulated. Photonic crystals provide such an environment: they strongly modify the vacuum fluctuations, causing the decay of emitted light to be accelerated or slowed down, to reveal unusual statistics, or to be completely inhibited in the ideal case of a photonic bandgap. Here we study spontaneous emission from semiconductor quantum dots embedded in inverse opal photonic crystals. We show that the spectral distribution and time-dependent decay of light emitted from excitons confined in the quantum dots are controlled by the host photonic crystal. Modified emission is observed over large frequency bandwidths of 10%, orders of magnitude larger than reported for resonant optical microcavities. Both inhibited and enhanced decay rates are observed depending on the optical emission frequency, and they are controlled by the crystals’ lattice parameter. Our experimental results provide a basis for all-solid-state dynamic control
of optical quantum systems.

Controlling the dynamics of spontaneous emission from quantum dots by photonic crystals

Climate change is one of the most important global environmental challenges at global, national and regional level. The resultant global warming due to increase in temperature by 1.5°C in the near-term (2021-2040) can cause unavoidable increase in multiple climate hazards and present unknown challenges facing humanity with implications for food production, natural ecosystems, freshwater supply, health, etc. In this context, an analysis was carried out to identify trends in temperature over time series at Madhira, Khammam district in Telangana. In this trend analysis study, the annual average maximum temperature value of skewness was asymmetric and left skewed. The annual mean and maximum temperatures were significant with long-term increasing trend. In the pre monsoon season, maximum and mean temperature showed significant increase in trends in by all methods i.e., M-K (Mann – Kendall), Spearman's Rho and Linear regression tests. But minimum temperature showed non-significant increasing trend. Here interestingly, monsoon season showed non-significance increase in temperature trends in all three mentioned tests. The mean of monthly maximum temperature increased at a faster rate than the average and minimum temperature. The linear regression equation indicated positive slope and R2 was 27.0% of variability for mean annual temperature.

/pdf/temperature-trends-at-madhira-khammam-district-of-telangana-llbq0un3.pdf

Temperature Trends at Madhira, Khammam District of Telangana State

Thin films of Cu2ZnSnS4 have been synthesized through solution chemistry. The correlation between film morphology and the ratio of cations (copper, zinc and tin) and the amount of monoethanolamine (MEA) in solution has been investigated. The stoichiometric ratio of cations resulted in films comprised of fine grains (~165 nm) with large crystals (~ 1 – 2 µm) spread over its surface. The films corresponding to copper poor and zinc rich solutions were comprised of grains having uniform size (~300 nm). The addition of MEA to precursor solutions resulted in a significant drop of pinholes in the films, however, at the same time grain size decreases to 50 – 200 nm range depending on the amount of MEA present in the precursor solution.

Effect of cation ratios and monoethanolamine on the morphology of solution processed Cu2ZnSnS4 films

/pdf/excision-of-oral-submucous-fibrosis-and-reconstruction-with-2883vxom.pdf

Excision of Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Reconstruction with Full Thickness Skin Graft: A Case Report and Review of Various Treatment Modalities

The discrete element method (DEM) simulates granular processes and detects inter-particle collisions during the simulation. Detection of collision helps researchers to study the occurrence of particulate mechanisms such as aggregation, breakage, etc. DEM demands high computational costs in simulating industrial-level systems, as it involves an enormous number of particles. DEM coarse-grained model can help to overcome this high computational cost issue. However, the frequency and probability of collisions for different particle size classes may change when coarser particles are introduced. This study introduces a new mathematical formulation, namely the collision dependency function (CDF), which predicts the probability of collisions between different particle classes for systems containing resolved and coarse-grained particles. The CDF is extracted by executing one DEM simulation consisting of number-based uniformly distributed particles. Furthermore, a new optimized scheme is used inside the DEM to store the collision data efficiently. Finally, the collision probabilities between size classes obtained from DEM simulations are compared successfully against their counterparts calculated from the developed model for verification. 

/pdf/on-the-prediction-of-particle-collision-behavior-in-coarse-2es33x0r.pdf

On the prediction of particle collision behavior in coarse-grained and resolved systems

Rapidly expanding industrial areas ensues a negative impact on the soil chemistry, it delivers certain stubborn heavy metals in the soil. Inefficient emission management and pollution alleviation contributes discharge of heavy metals in the surroundings causing a threat to mankind. To subside the effect of heavy metal; most effective, cost free, solardriven, green technology phytoremediation has been adopted which indulges exploitation of hyper-accumulator plants. Heavy metal toxicity leads to production of reactive oxygen species causing oxidative stress to the plant cell. To mitigate the oxidative stress plant cell initiates production of antioxidative enzymes. The present experiment was setup for analysis and assessment of comparative study of physical (electrokinetic remediation) and chemical (chelators) amendments in enhancing antioxidative enzymes in response to the metal phytoxicity in Vetiveria zizanioides.

/pdf/electric-current-induced-mitigation-of-lead-contamination-in-35etyedn.pdf

Jitendra Kumar

Papers

Temperature Trends at Madhira, Khammam District of Telangana State

Effect of cation ratios and monoethanolamine on the morphology of solution processed Cu2ZnSnS4 films

Excision of Oral Submucous Fibrosis and Reconstruction with Full Thickness Skin Graft: A Case Report and Review of Various Treatment Modalities

On the prediction of particle collision behavior in coarse-grained and resolved systems

Electric current induced mitigation of lead contamination in vetiveria zizanioides