THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

正しい方法がわかる臨床基本手技 : from the New England journal of medicine

New generation adsorbents for water treatment.

Large-scale electrolysis of water for hydrogen generation requires better catalysts to lower the kinetic barriers associated with the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Although most OER catalysts are based on crystalline mixed-metal oxides, high activities can also be achieved with amorphous phases. Methods for producing amorphous materials, however, are not typically amenable to mixed-metal compositions. We demonstrate that a low-temperature process, photochemical metal-organic deposition, can produce amorphous (mixed) metal oxide films for OER catalysis. The films contain a homogeneous distribution of metals with compositions that can be accurately controlled. The catalytic properties of amorphous iron oxide prepared with this technique are superior to those of hematite, whereas the catalytic properties of a-Fe100-y-zCoyNizOx are comparable to those of noble metal oxide catalysts currently used in commercial electrolyzers.

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/early/2013/03/27/science.1233638.full.pdf

Photochemical Route for Accessing Amorphous Metal Oxide Materials for Water Oxidation Catalysis

Control of spontaneously emitted light lies at the heart of quantum optics. It is essential for diverse applications ranging from miniature lasers and light-emitting diodes, to single-photon sources for quantum information, and to solar energy harvesting. To explore such new quantum optics applications, a suitably tailored dielectric environment is required in which the vacuum fluctuations that control spontaneous emission can be manipulated. Photonic crystals provide such an environment: they strongly modify the vacuum fluctuations, causing the decay of emitted light to be accelerated or slowed down, to reveal unusual statistics, or to be completely inhibited in the ideal case of a photonic bandgap. Here we study spontaneous emission from semiconductor quantum dots embedded in inverse opal photonic crystals. We show that the spectral distribution and time-dependent decay of light emitted from excitons confined in the quantum dots are controlled by the host photonic crystal. Modified emission is observed over large frequency bandwidths of 10%, orders of magnitude larger than reported for resonant optical microcavities. Both inhibited and enhanced decay rates are observed depending on the optical emission frequency, and they are controlled by the crystals’ lattice parameter. Our experimental results provide a basis for all-solid-state dynamic control
of optical quantum systems.

Controlling the dynamics of spontaneous emission from quantum dots by photonic crystals

Rural areas have shortage of electricity, so natural ventilation becomes necessary. Ventilation through solar chimney harnesses solar energy as energy source and can be installed in rural buildings for improvement of air circulation. Rate of ventilation of a solar chimney for natural ventilation was investigated for both Horizontal type and Vertical type. Ventilation rate greatly depends on the temperature gradient of the room. The current work presents the comparative analysis of a room apartment with solar chimney of both types attached to them. In this study, a reduced scale Chimney of Horizontal and Vertical design is modelled through CFD to investigate the improvement of Natural Ventilation. Two different parameters have been considered for current study viz. Outlet Velocity and Temperature of Absorber plate.

Enhancement of Natural Ventilation using Solar Chimney: A Numerical Investigation

Isolation and screening of phytase producing fungi from soil and production of phytase in submerged and solid state fermentation.

Morphology and structure of ultrafine gold particles dispersed over alumina support films have been studied by transmission electron microscopy. It is shown that gold particles generally correspond to f.c.c. structure, but, also assume a distorted cubic phase in some situations. The unit cell becomes smaller on one side by about 5% and thus cubic symmetry is destroyed. The resulting structure is tetragonal with a ~ 0.407 nm or , c ~ 0.387 nm. On exposing the particles to hydrogen at temperatures 200 – 500°C for various lengths of time, an overall increase in particle size is found to occur. No evidence is obtained to support the particle migration, collision and subsequent coalescence for growth. Instead, Ostwald ripening mechanism is operative, whereby, the coarsening results due to transfer of atoms from smaller to larger particles via the substrate and/or by jump process. Gold particles show morphological variations, e.g. from irregular shapes to spherical or well defined such as hexagonal, pentagonal, etc.

Morphology and Structure of Ultrafine Gold Particles

Evolution of an ultrashort pulse having frequency spectrum above the band edge in a sample of GaAs has been investigated. The evolution operator technique is used for solving the wave equation under slowly varying envelope approximation coupled with the dynamic response of the medium. The pulse duration has been taken to be less than the dephasing time of the material so that there is no k mixing. Severe distortion and attenuation of pulses in the linear regime is predicted. The pulse is found to stabilize in the nonlinear regime.

Femtosecond pulse evolution in GaAs crystal

In this paper, a novel design for far infrared resonant cavity enhanced quantum dot photo-detector (RCE QDP) based on bound-to-bound intervalence subband transitions in self assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) is presented. The device structure consists of QDs active layers inserted between two distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs). Quantum efficiency is calculated as a function of wavelength for different reflectivity of mirrors. Dark current is calculated as a function of the voltage for different value of temperature and QD radius.

Jitendra Kumar

Papers

Enhancement of Natural Ventilation using Solar Chimney: A Numerical Investigation

Isolation and screening of phytase producing fungi from soil and production of phytase in submerged and solid state fermentation.

Morphology and Structure of Ultrafine Gold Particles

Femtosecond pulse evolution in GaAs crystal

Resonant cavity far infrared photo-detector based on self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots