Attachment--and loss.

Cause, conseguenze e strategie di mitigazione Proponiamo il primo di una serie di articoli in cui affronteremo l’attuale problema dei mutamenti climatici. Presentiamo il documento redatto, votato e pubblicato dall’Ipcc - Comitato intergovernativo sui cambiamenti climatici - che illustra la sintesi delle ricerche svolte su questo tema rilevante.

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Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis.

The detection of psychiatric illness by questionnaire

Abstract A two-dimensional version of the Pennsylvania State University mesoscale model has been applied to Winter Monsoon Experiment data in order to simulate the diurnally occurring convection observed over the South China Sea. The domain includes a representation of part of Borneo as well as the sea so that the model can simulate the initiation of convection. Also included in the model are parameterizations of mesoscale ice phase and moisture processes and longwave and shortwave radiation with a diurnal cycle. This allows use of the model to test the relative importance of various heating mechanisms to the stratiform cloud deck, which typically occupies several hundred kilometers of the domain. Frank and Cohen's cumulus parameterization scheme is employed to represent vital unresolved vertical transports in the convective area. The major conclusions are: Ice phase processes are important in determining the level of maximum large-scale heating and vertical motion because there is a strong anvil componen...

Numerical study of convection observed during the Winter Monsoon Experiment using a mesoscale two-dimensional model [presentation]

Fluorescent carbon nanoparticles or carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are a new class of carbon nanomaterials that have emerged recently and have garnered much interest as potential competitors to conventional semiconductor quantum dots. In addition to their comparable optical properties, CQDs have the desired advantages of low toxicity, environmental friendliness low cost and simple synthetic routes. Moreover, surface passivation and functionalization of CQDs allow for the control of their physicochemical properties. Since their discovery, CQDs have found many applications in the fields of chemical sensing, biosensing, bioimaging, nanomedicine, photocatalysis and electrocatalysis. This article reviews the progress in the research and development of CQDs with an emphasis on their synthesis, functionalization and technical applications along with some discussion on challenges and perspectives in this exciting and promising field.

Carbon quantum dots and their applications

Objective
To investigate the protective effect of Angelica sinensis polysaccharide (ASP) against liver injury induced by D-galactose in aging mice and its mechanisms.


Methods
Male C57BL/6J were randomly divided into three groups with 10 mice in each group. In the D-galactose model group, the mice were subcutaneously injected with D-galactose (120 mg/kg) qd×42; in the ASP+D-galactose group, from the 8th day of the establishment of D-galactose model, the mice were subcutaneously injected with ASP (120 mg/kg) qd×35. In the normal control group, the mice were subcutaneously injected with isotonic saline of the same volume at the same time point. On the 2nd day after the injection was finished, the ocular blood was collected to prepare serum and measure the content of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and total bilirubin (TBil). The liver tissue homogenate was prepared to measure the content of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), malondialdehyde (MDA), and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). A paraffin section of liver tissue was prepared; HE staining was performed to observe the pathomorphological changes of the liver, periodic acid-Schiff staining (PAS) was used to observe the changes in glycogen in the liver, and a transmission electron microscope was used to observe the hepatocyte ultrastructure.


Results
The D-galactose model group had increased content of ALT, AST, and TBil, reduced activities of SOD and GSH-Px, an increased content of MDA, and severe liver injuries; the hepatocytes showed degenerative changes, the amount of glycogen in the liver decreased, and the accumulation of AGEs increased. The ASP+D-galactose group had reduced content of ALT, AST, and TBil, increased activities of SOD and GSH-Px, and reduced content of MDA and AGEs; the amount of glycogen in the liver increased, and liver injury and hepatocyte injury were alleviated.


Conclusion
ASP can antagonize the liver injury induced by D-galactose in aging mice, and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of oxidative stress.


Key words: 
Liver injury; Mechanism; Oxidative stress; D-galactose

[Protective effect of Angelica sinensis polysaccharide against liver injury induced by D-galactose in aging mice and its mechanisms].

Previous neuroeconomic studies have observed that people display sympathetic neural responses toward others' misfortunes. We argue that the reverse emotions, such as gloating or schadenfreude, may also emerge in certain circumstances. To examine this theory, we recorded feedback-related negativity (FRN) toward others' large or small gains or losses in a stock market context. We adopted the framework of social distance, according to which we hypothesized that because others in the stock market are far away, unidentified, and indistinct, people would show less sympathy or even schadenfreude toward others' large losses. The results indicated that FRN at Fz was significantly less negative when observing larger decreases in others' stock, indicating that others' large losses are not unexpected negative events in the stock market and suggesting the existence of schadenfreude. Our research contributes to the understanding of social neurofinance by demonstrating the schadenfreude effect in relation to the stock market. This study also provides new information regarding the relationship between FRN and the social emotions that form the expectations of gain and loss.

Non-sympathetic FRN responses to drops in others’ stocks

Refined circuit model for current distribution of the no-insulation HTS insert magnet

Highly enantioselective Michael addition of cyclohexanone to aryl nitroolefins in the presence of an ionic liquid anchored pyrrolidine (10 mol%) and TFA (5 mol%) generated the corresponding adducts in high yields (up to 95%) with excellent diastereoselectivities (up to >99:1 dr) and enantioselectivities (up to >99% ee). Furthermore, the catalyst could be recycled and reused at least eight times without loss of its catalytic activity.

A Highly Efficient and RecyclableIonic Liquid Anchored Pyrrolidine Catalyst for EnantioselectiveMichael Additions

Remanufacturing has become an important way to realize sustainable development strategy. For remanufacturing closed-loop supply chain under different circumstances, many factors are considered, such as consumers’ different preferences for the purchase and payment of remanufactured products and the quality of recycled products. In this study, three models are presented for supply chain system, including a manufacturer lead and a retailer recycle. While nongovernment participation and non-supply-chain coordination are considered in model I, model II has government participation but non-supply-chain coordination, and model III has both government participation and supply chain coordination. The equilibrium decisions are derived for each model using the game-theoretic approach. The study found that consumers’ preferences affect the pricing decisions of remanufactured products. When consumers’ willingness to buy and pay for remanufactured products is close to that of new products, the total profit of the supply chain will significantly increase; the quality of recycled products will also influence the pricing decisions of new/remanufactured products, which in turn will affect the market demand for products. Government participation is conducive to encouraging manufacturer, retailer, and consumers to actively participate in the recycling and remanufacturing activities of used products. Supply chain coordination contracts can further enhance the role of the consumer market and promote the implementation of government policies. Under certain conditions, revenue sharing contract coordination can significantly increase the total profit of the supply chain system. The research conclusions have certain reference value for the coordination among the nodes of the remanufacturing supply chain and the formulation of policies with government participation.

Pricing and Coordination of Remanufacturing Supply Chain with Government Participation considering Consumers' Preferences and Quality of Recycled Products

Lei Wang

Papers

[Protective effect of Angelica sinensis polysaccharide against liver injury induced by D-galactose in aging mice and its mechanisms].

Non-sympathetic FRN responses to drops in others’ stocks

Refined circuit model for current distribution of the no-insulation HTS insert magnet

A Highly Efficient and RecyclableIonic Liquid Anchored Pyrrolidine Catalyst for EnantioselectiveMichael Additions

Pricing and Coordination of Remanufacturing Supply Chain with Government Participation considering Consumers' Preferences and Quality of Recycled Products