抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a key regulator of physiological angiogenesis during embryogenesis, skeletal growth and reproductive functions. VEGF has also been implicated in pathological angiogenesis associated with tumors, intraocular neovascular disorders and other conditions. The biological effects of VEGF are mediated by two receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2, which differ considerably in signaling properties. Non-signaling co-receptors also modulate VEGF RTK signaling. Currently, several VEGF inhibitors are undergoing clinical testing in several malignancies. VEGF inhibition is also being tested as a strategy for the prevention of angiogenesis, vascular leakage and visual loss in age-related macular degeneration.

The biology of VEGF and its receptors.

Putative endothelial cell (EC) progenitors or angioblasts were isolated from human peripheral blood by magnetic bead selection on the basis of cell surface antigen expression In vitro, these cells differentiated into ECs In animal models of ischemia, heterologous, homologous, and autologous EC progenitors incorporated into sites of active angiogenesis These findings suggest that EC progenitors may be useful for augmenting collateral vessel growth to ischemic tissues (therapeutic angiogenesis) and for delivering anti- or pro-angiogenic agents, respectively, to sites of pathologic or utilitarian angiogenesis

http://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/275/5302/964.full.pdf

Isolation of putative progenitor endothelial cells for angiogenesis.

Patterns and Emerging Mechanisms of the Angiogenic Switch during Tumorigenesis

La presente invention concerne un procede d'evaluation de la cellulite en utilisant de la fibuline-3 et/ou de la gamma-sarcoglycane comme indicateur dans un echantillon de peau preleve, et un procede d'evaluation d'un medicament pour ameliorer, prevenir ou traiter la cellulite en utilisant de la fibuline-3 et/ou de la gamma-sarcoglycane comme indicateur dans des cellules cultivees.

Procédé d'évaluation de la cellulite et procédé d'évaluation d'un médicament efficace sur la cellulite en utilisant de la fibuline-3 et/ou de la gamma-sarcoglycane comme indicateur

expressed in the skin transgenically and causes disseminated intravascular coagulation when Podoplanin-Fc reduces lymphatic vessel formation in vitro and in vivo

Provided are methods and compositions for the modulation of hepatocyte growth factor activity to regulate lymphatic vessel development and function. Methods and composition for the monitoring and treatment of skin disorders, lymphedema, and metastatic cancers are disclosed. Also described are methods for identifying inhibitors of hepatocyte growth factor dependent lymphangiogenesis.

Hepatocyte growth factor receptor agonist for increasing lymphangiogenesis

and edema formation A critical role of placental growth factor in the induction of inflammation

This application features methods of inhibiting ultraviolet B-induced skin damage in a subject. The methods include administering a VEGF-C agonist to the subject.

Michael Detmar

Papers

Procédé d'évaluation de la cellulite et procédé d'évaluation d'un médicament efficace sur la cellulite en utilisant de la fibuline-3 et/ou de la gamma-sarcoglycane comme indicateur

expressed in the skin transgenically and causes disseminated intravascular coagulation when Podoplanin-Fc reduces lymphatic vessel formation in vitro and in vivo

Hepatocyte growth factor receptor agonist for increasing lymphangiogenesis

and edema formation A critical role of placental growth factor in the induction of inflammation

Use of VEGF-C agonists for inhibiting ultraviolet B-induced skin damage