The is a comprehensive review on the needs and potential storage technologies for electrical grid that is expected to integrate significant levels of renewables. This review offers details of the technologies, in terms of needs, status, challenges and future R&d directions.

/pdf/electrochemical-energy-storage-for-green-grid-22ttg0wpz1.pdf

Electrochemical Energy Storage for Green Grid

There have been a number of review papers on layered silicate and carbon nanotube reinforced polymer nanocomposites, in which the fillers have high aspect ratios. Particulate–polymer nanocomposites containing fillers with small aspect ratios are also an important class of polymer composites. However, they have been apparently overlooked. Thus, in this paper, detailed discussions on the effects of particle size, particle/matrix interface adhesion and particle loading on the stiffness, strength and toughness of such particulate–polymer composites are reviewed. To develop high performance particulate composites, it is necessary to have some basic understanding of the stiffening, strengthening and toughening mechanisms of these composites. A critical evaluation of published experimental results in comparison with theoretical models is given.

/pdf/effects-of-particle-size-particle-matrix-interface-adhesion-yv055zq7xi.pdf

Effects of particle size, particle/matrix interface adhesion and particle loading on mechanical properties of particulate–polymer composites

https://zirconia.typepad.com/files/zirconia-as-a-ceramic-biomaterial---piconi---biomaterials-1999.pdf

Zirconia as a ceramic biomaterial

In this review the phenomenon of proton conductivity in materials and the elements of proton conduction mechanismsproton transfer, structural reorganization and diffusional motion of extended moietiesare discussed with special emphasis on proton chemistry. This is characterized by a strong proton localization within the valence electron density of electronegative species (e.g., oxygen, nitrogen) and self-localization effects due to solvent interactions which allows for significant proton diffusivities only when assisted by the dynamics of the proton environment in Grotthuss and vehicle type mechanisms. In systems with high proton density, proton/proton interactions lead to proton ordering below first-order phase transition rather than to coherent proton transfers along extended hydrogen-bond chains as is frequently suggested in textbooks of physical chemistry. There is no indication for significant proton tunneling in fast proton conduction phenomena for which almost barrierless proton transfer is suggest...

Proton Conductivity: Materials and Applications

http://fcbt.mse.gatech.edu/PDF/Bersra2007.pdf

A review on fundamentals and applications of electrophoretic deposition (EPD)

Nano-aluminum-phosphate via a polymerized organic–inorganic complex route

Relative stability of spray-frozen/freeze-dried potassium beta″ alumina powders

The development of stress during NaKion exchange of polycrystalline β, β″-Al2O3 and its influence on the ion-exchange process

Polycrystalline hydronium ββ″alumina: A ceramic fast proton conductor

The kinetics and formation of the 110 K superconducting phase in the Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system have been analyzed via Avrami theory, high-temperature X-ray diffractometry, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and differential thermal analysis techniques. The kinetic study indicates that the reaction is diffusion controlled for oxygen partial pressures of {approximately}1--35 kPa (0.01--0.35 atm). The appearance of liquid increases the contact area of the reactant particles, thus accelerating mass transport and the phase formation kinetics. The 110 K phase forms via reaction between the 80 K phase, secondary phases that are rich in calcium and copper, and the liquid that contains lead, calcium/strontium, and copper.

Patrick S. Nicholson

Papers

Nano-aluminum-phosphate via a polymerized organic–inorganic complex route

Relative stability of spray-frozen/freeze-dried potassium beta″ alumina powders

The development of stress during NaKion exchange of polycrystalline β, β″-Al2O3 and its influence on the ion-exchange process

Polycrystalline hydronium ββ″alumina: A ceramic fast proton conductor

Kinetics and Formation of the 110 K Phase in the Bismuth–Lead–Strontium–Calcium–Copper–Oxygen System