Peter Simmonds

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used surface measurements from the Advanced Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment (AGAGE) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Global Monitoring Division (NOAA GMD) from 1978 to 2011 to estimate the lifetime of CFC-11, CFC12, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 and CH3CCl3 using a multi-species inverse method.

TL;DR: Intriguingly, recombination events occurred as a founding event of most subgenogroups immediately preceding their lineage expansion and global emergence, suggesting the possibility that recombination contributed to their subsequent spread through improved fitness requires further biological and immunological characterization.

TL;DR: The availability of a simple and rapid method for identification of serotypes and individual HEV strains or clusters directly from CSF will be of substantial value in surveillance, understanding more about serotype-associated differences in disease and monitoring the global spread of pathogenic variants such as enterovirus 71.

TL;DR: Strong evidence is provided for a chimpanzee-specific genotype of HBV which circulates in nature and adds to the recent evidence for infection in the wild of other Old and New World primates with species-specific variants ofHBV.

TL;DR: Bioinformatic and physical characterization methods both identified fundamental differences in the configurations of viral genomic RNA that may modify their interactions with host cell defenses and their ability to persist.