S. L. Piao

TL;DR: For base year 2010, anthropogenic activities created ~210 (190 to 230) TgN of reactive nitrogen Nr from N2 as discussed by the authors, which is at least 2 times larger than the rate of natural terrestrial creation of ~58 Tg N (50 to 100 Tg nr yr−1) (Table 6.9, Section 1a).

TL;DR: This paper poses a benchmarking framework for evaluation of land model performances and highlights major challenges at this infant stage of benchmark analysis.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors identify the current state of carbon observations, and the needs and notional requirements for a global integrated carbon observation system that can be built in the next decade, and conclude that substantial expansion of the ground-based observation networks required to reach the high spatial resolution for CO2 and CH4 fluxes, and for carbon stocks for addressing policy-relevant objectives, and attributing flux changes to underlying processes in each region.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed global net ecosystem production from MACC-II and Jena CarboScope atmospheric inversions and ten dynamic global vegetation models (TRENDY), using statistical models to attribute the trends in NEP to its potential drivers: CO2, climatic variables and land use change.

TL;DR: A review of the most recent estimates of the net long-term carbon balance of African ecosystems is provided, including losses from fire disturbance, based upon observations, giving a sink of the order of 0.2 Pg C yr−1 with a large uncertainty around this number.