Belarusian State Medical University

About: Belarusian State Medical University is a education organization based out in Minsk, Belarus. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 536 authors who have published 513 publications receiving 4635 citations.

Longitudinal study of the primary prevention effect on dental caries

Abstract: Aim Assessment of the dental caries prevalence among 12-year-old children in Belarus and Russia and evaluation a possible effect of the primary prevention programs on oral health in adult population. Methods Meta-analysis of the world dental literature and study of the descriptive epidemiology data on the prevalence of dental caries among key age groups of children, adolescents and adults using earlier study data carried in Minsk and Moscow and within the intercountry scientific project using the EGOHID system in 2013-2017 yrs. Results Analysis of the epidemiology data on the DMFT of 12-year-old children in the last 40-50 years suggested a trend of the reduction of dental caries prevalence in Belarus and Russia by 10-15%. An effect of the long-term preventive programs on dental caries in adults and elderlies was dubious. Conclusion The evident success in primary prevention of dental caries in children might improve oral health in adolescents and adult people, however, it had no, or minimal effects on the oral health of elderlies.

Filamentous versus Spherical Morphology: A Case Study of the Recombinant A/WSN/33 (H1N1) Virus.

Abstract: Influenza A virus is a serious human pathogen that assembles enveloped virions on the plasma membrane of the host cell. The pleiomorphic morphology of influenza A virus, represented by spherical, elongated, or filamentous particles, is important for the spread of the virus in nature. Using fixative protocols for sample preparation and negative staining electron microscopy, we found that the recombinant A/WSN/33 (H1N1) (rWSN) virus, a strain considered to be strictly spherical, may produce filamentous particles when amplified in the allantoic cavity of chicken embryos. In contrast, the laboratory WSN strain and the rWSN virus amplified in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells exhibited a spherical morphology. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) suggested a rare Ser126Cys substitution in the M1 protein of rWSN, which was confirmed by the mass spectrometric analysis. No structurally relevant substitutions were found by NGS in other proteins of rWSN. Bioinformatics algorithms predicted a neutral structural effect of the Ser126Cys mutation. The mrWSN_M1_126S virus generated after the introduction of the reverse Cys126Ser substitution exhibited a similar host-dependent partially filamentous phenotype. We hypothesize that a shortage of some as-yet-undefined cellular components involved in virion budding and membrane scission may result in the appearance of filamentous particles in the case of usually "nonfilamentous" virus strains.

The development of synaptophysin immunoreactivity in the human sympathetic ganglia.

Abstract: Summary Using an indirect immunohistochemical method, synaptophysin immunoreactivity (SYN-IR) has been studied in cryostat sections of stellate and thoracic ganglia in human fetuses, neonates, infants and adults In the course of development, a progressive increase in SYN-IR in axonal terminals and around nerve cells was demonstrated In contrast, large clusters of small intensely fluorescent (SIF) cells and paraganglionic cells increased in number in fetuses and premature neonates at 24–25 weeks Such SIF cell clusters varied in form and often occurred at pole or subcapsular areas of sympathetic ganglia close to blood vessels or paraganglia With increasing gestational age and during infancy, a decrease in sizes of SIF cell groups and paraganglionic cells as well as changes in their distribution were found The results show that the amount and distribution of SYN-IR is temporally related to the maturation and functional activity of human sympathetic ganglia neurons It was suggested that numerous SIF cells and paraganglia in human prenatal sympathetic ganglia were both indicative of incomplete cell migration and an important source of regulation of ganglionic microcirculation under the conditions of relative hypoxia and immature nervous regulation

Morphological Changes Induced by Bipolar Radiofrequency Ablation in Thyroid Nodules - a Preclinical Ex Vivo Investigation.

Abstract: Introduction: Recently, radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been increasingly used for the treatment of thyroid nodules. However, immediate morphological changes associated with bipolar devices are poorly shown. Aims: To present the results of analysis of gross and microscopic alterations in human thyroid tissue induced by RFA delivered through the application of the original patented device. Materials and methods: In total, there were 37 surgically removed thyroid glands in females aged 32-67 at presentation: 16 nodules were follicular adenoma (labelled as 'parenchymal' solid benign nodules) and adenomatous colloid goitre was represented by 21 cases. The thyroid gland was routinely processed and the nodules were sliced into two parts - one was a subject for histological routine processing according to the principles that universally apply in surgical pathology, the other one was used for the RFA procedure. Results: No significant difference in size reduction between parenchymal and colloid nodules was revealed (p>0.1, t-test) straight after the treatment. In addition, RFA equally effectively induced necrosis in follicular adenoma and adenomatous colloid goitre (p>0.1, analysis of variance test). As expected, tumour size correlated with size reduction (the smaller the size of the nodule, the greater percentage of the nodule volume that was ablated): r=-0.48 (p<0.0001). Conclusion: The results make it possible to move from ex vivo experiments to clinical practice.

Prevalence of alcohol-related problems among the Slavs and Arabs in Belarus: a university survey.

Abstract: Background: Alcohol abuse is a major problem among students in Belarus. Alcohol-related problems might vary among students of different cultural backgrounds. Objectives: To examine the different patterns in alcohol use and related problems among students of different cultural groups – the Slavs and Arabs, in major Belarusian universities. Methods: 1465 university students (1345 Slavs and 120 Arabs) from three major universities in Minsk, Belarus, were administered the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, the Cut, Annoyed, Guilty and Eye questionnaire, and the Michigan Alcohol Screening Test, including other alcohol-related questions. Results: Overall, 91.08% (n = 1225) Slavs and 60.83% (n = 73) Arabs were alcohol users. A total of 16.28% (n = 219) Slavs and 32.50% (n = 39) Arabs were identified as problem drinkers. Different patterns of alcohol use and related problems were characterized for the Slavs and Arabs. The level of alcohol-related problems was higher among the Arabs, compared to the Slavs....