Belarusian State Medical University

About: Belarusian State Medical University is a education organization based out in Minsk, Belarus. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 536 authors who have published 513 publications receiving 4635 citations.

The Association of Early Childhood Cognitive Development and Behavioural Difficulties with Pre-Adolescent Problematic Eating Attitudes

Abstract: Objectives: Few studies have prospectively investigated associations of child cognitive ability and behavioural difficulties with later eating attitudes. We investigated associations of intelligence quotient (IQ), academic performance and behavioural difficulties at 6.5 years with eating attitudes five years later. Methods: We conducted an observational cohort study nested within the Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial, Belarus. Of 17,046 infants enrolled at birth, 13,751 (80.7%) completed the Children’s Eating Attitude Test (ChEAT) at 11.5 years, most with information on IQ (n=12,667), academic performance (n=9,954) and behavioural difficulties (n=11,098) at 6.5 years. The main outcome was a ChEAT score $85 th percentile, indicative of problematic eating attitudes. Results: Boys with higher IQ at 6.5 years reported fewer problematic eating attitudes, as assessed by ChEAT scores $85 th percentile, at 11.5 years (OR per SD increase in full-scale IQ=0.87; 0.79, 0.94). No such association was observed in girls (1.01; 0.93, 1.10) (p for sex-interaction=0.016). In both boys and girls, teacher-assessed academic performance in non-verbal subjects was inversely associated with high ChEAT scores five years later (OR per unit increase in mathematics ability=0.88; 0.82, 0.94; and OR per unit increase in ability for other non-verbal subjects=0.86; 0.79, 0.94). Behavioural difficulties were positively associated with high ChEAT scores five years later (OR per SD increase in teacher-assessed rating=1.13; 1.07, 1.19). Conclusion: Lower IQ, worse non-verbal academic performance and behavioural problems at early school age are positively associated with risk of problematic eating attitudes in early adolescence.

Молекулярно-генетические основы врождённых аномалий почек и мочевых путей

Abstract: Congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) constitute an average of 25 % of the total number of all genetic anomalies diagnosed in utero and include both individual anomalies of kidney or urinary tract and a combination of such. One of the important problems of pediatric nephrology is the early diagnosis of congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract, since untimely detected pathologies lead to a decrease in renal function. The cause of such violations can be genetic factors, environmental factors affecting the woman's body before or during pregnancy. Genetic factor contributes significantly to the formation of CAKUT based on the proven role of mutations in more than 200 genes associated with the development of these anomalies. Since the classical methods of molecular diagnostics do not allow in 90 % of cases to determine occurring mutations, there is a need to apply new genetic testing technologies to identify mutations of genes associated with this group of diseases. Next generation sequencing allows to detect rare genetic variants and concurrently test a large number of genes within a short period of time for the presence of clinically important mutations in them. In addition, the use of next-generation sequencing expands the search for new candidate genes of CAKUT. There are ethnic differences regarding genes involved in the development of congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract. The most promising present-day strategy is based on the study of the specific region of patient’s whole exome and the subsequent development of a diagnostic panel.

Caval–portal anastomosis via Sappey superior veins with pseudolesion in segment IV a of the liver: a case report

Abstract: The article describes unusual caval–portal anastomosis via paraumbilical veins, which has resulted in the hepatic pseudolesion around the falciform ligament. We present a case of a 41-year-old male diagnosed with superior vena cava syndrome. Abdominal CT identified hypervascular pseudolesion from the Sappey superior veins.

Dynamics of lipoprotein level in blood plasma of pregnant women as a function of gestational age according to FTIR spectroscopy

Abstract: Results of an IR spectroscopic investigation of films of blood plasma taken from women of reproductive age, pregnant women with positive and negative Rh factors, and Rh-immunized women were presented as a function of gestational age. It was found that the lipoprotein content in blood plasma of all groups of pregnant women increased during the early stages of pregnancy (17–23 weeks) irrespective of the Rh factor and attained its peak value by weeks 30–35. It was shown that the lipoprotein level in blood plasma as a function of gestational age was quantitatively the same for pregnant women with positive and negative Rh factors. It was established for the first time that this dependence for Rh-immunized women featured a considerable increase of lipoprotein content at gestational age 30–32 weeks and declined acutely by week 36.