Belarusian State Medical University

About: Belarusian State Medical University is a education organization based out in Minsk, Belarus. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 536 authors who have published 513 publications receiving 4635 citations.

Study of the mandibular incisive canal anatomy using cone beam computed tomography

Abstract: The aim of this study was to identify the range of individual variability in dimensions and topography of the mandibular incisive canal (MIC) in vivo. One hundred cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of patients from dental outpatient hospitals of Minsk, Belarus were performed on Galileos GAX5 using standard exposure and patient positioning protocol. Reformatted panoramic and sagittal CBCT images were analyzed. The MIC was visualized in 92% of CBCT images. It was detected in the first premolar root region in 93% of cases, and only in 21% of cases it reached the central incisors root area. The MIC started prior to the mental foramen opening with formation of the anterior mental loop in 48% of cases. The MIC started at the level of the mental foramen or close to it in 52% of cases. The degree of MIC visibility and its internal vertical diameter decreases when it comes closer to the midline of the mandible. The distance from the roots of teeth to the upper wall of MIC increases in the mesial direction, while the position of MIC in relation to the base of the mandible remains virtually unchanged. The MIC can appear in a different length and can reach the level of the root of the central mandibular incisor. Individual topography of MIC should be determined during the preoperative radiological examination and surgical procedures in the anterior region of the mandible.

Medical Cannabis Pain Benefit, Risk and Effectiveness Perceptions Among Belarus Medical Students

Abstract: Introduction For centuries, the chemicals in cannabis and cannabinoids have been used for medical purposes. The psychoactive compound of cannabis, THC or tetrahydrocannabinols, is linked to a sense of euphoria or a “feel good” condition. A second compound is cannabidiol or CBD, not linked to causing a “high,” is thought to be responsible for many cannabis therapeutic effects (NIDA 2019). Much advocacy is being generated in support of cannabis; and numerous countries have legalized the substance for medical purposes or are on the path of doing so (Krcevski-Skvarc et al. 2018). Epidemiological studies and randomized controlled trials evidence cannabis effective for treatment purposes, particularly chronic pain in adults – the most common reason people receive medical cannabis (USNAS 2017; Abrams 2018). However, details remain elusive about shortand long-term effects, benefits and risks linked to mental health, misuse and dependence, physical and cognitive impairment, and more (Di Forti et al. 2019; Gage 2019; Isralowitz and Reznik 2018; USNAS 2017). Also, there is a dearth of knowledge, classroom education, and clinical practice guidance about the substance among healthcare students and professionals (Mirelman et al. 2019).

Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism: Association with Susceptibility to Early-Onset Breast Cancer in Iranian, BRCA1/2 -Mutation Carrier and non-carrier Patients

Abstract: Mounting evidences support that vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency is a risk factor of breast cancer. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is expressed in more than 36 cell types in different organs as in cancerous cells. Numerous allelic variants of VDR gene have been identified in human populations. Association of FokI (rs2228570) and BsmI (rs1544410) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in VDR gene with the risk of breast cancer have been investigated in several studies, however, the published data are still inconsistent. Here, we investigated BsmI and FokI polymorphisms in Iranian young (≤ 35 years old) breast cancer patient with known BRCA1/2 germline mutations. VDR gene polymorphisms were detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis in a cohort of 203 breast cancer patients and 214 controls from Iran. There was a significant association between the bb and Bb genotypes of the BsmI and the increased risk of breast cancer (OR 1.74, CI 1.06–2.87 and OR 2.08, CI 1.31–3.29, respectively). This association was maintained in the subgroup of BRCA1/2 mutation non carriers (OR 1.90, CI 1.15–3.20 and OR 1.75, CI 1.07–2.87 for bb and Bb genotypes respectively) and in the subgroup of BRCA1/2 mutation non-carriers with a family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer (OR 1.81, CI 1.08–3.05 and OR 1.65, CI 1.00–2.70 for bb and Bb genotypes respectively). None of the FokI homozygous or heterozygous genotypes were associated with the risk of breast cancer. In summary, the BsmI polymorphism of VDR gene may be associated with the risk of breast cancer in Iranian women.