Belarusian State Medical University

About: Belarusian State Medical University is a education organization based out in Minsk, Belarus. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 536 authors who have published 513 publications receiving 4635 citations.

Comparison of Acid-Neutralizing Properties of Anti-Acid Preparations of Various Compositions

Abstract: The acid-neutralizing properties of widely used antacid preparations and the new experimental tablets Antacid-1 and Antacid-2 containing activated charcoal were compared in vitro. It is established that the new medicinal antacids differ from the well-known analogs by a greater acid-neutralizing capacity and a higher rate of hydrochloric acid neutralization.

Влияние пожилого возраста на кардиопротекторную эффективность фармакологического посткондиционирования с помощью молочной кислоты при ишемии-реперфузии миокарда в эксперименте

Abstract: Not only the prevalence, but also the death rate from the coronary heart disease, including myocardial infarction, is higher in older people than among young people. A demographic shift towards an aging population will lead to a further increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases among the elderly population. Therefore, one of the urgent aims of modern experimental and clinical medicine is to develop methods aimed at limiting reversible and irreversible damage to the myocardium, including in elderly patients. There are a lot of the data supporting the cardioprotective efficiency of such phenomena as ischemic and pharmacological pre- and postconditioning that reduce ischemic and reperfusion damage in young hearts. However, the information on the effectiveness of these phenomena in experiments on old animals is very scarce, contradictory, and not fully understood. The aim of the study was to experimentally evaluate the influence of old age on the reproducibility of the cardioprotective efficiency of pharmacological postconditioning using lactic acid in ischemia-reperfusion of the myocardium. In the course of the study, it was found that neutral lactate, after being administered into the blood flow of animals at a dose of 10 mg/kg 25 minutes after the onset of reperfusion, leads to a decrease in the infarct size of the left ventricle of the myocardium in old rats. Pharmacological postconditioning using lactate is not effective in reducing the duration of cardiac arrhythmias in ischemia-reperfusion of the myocardium in old rats; however, there is a tendency to reduce the incidence of reperfusion arrhythmias and the total duration of cardiac arrhythmias. The obtained data suggest that the presence of such a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases as old age is not a criterion to exclude the use of pharmacological postconditioning with lactate as a way to reduce ischemia and reperfusion injury of myocardium.

Maintenance of blood glucose level under intensive mental activities: episodic moderate drinkers versus non-drinkers

Abstract: BackgroundThe benefits of alcohol, especially to the functioning ofthe hearth and circulatory system have always beenrecognized by many researchers world-wide [1]. Butbesides, these positive effects, alcohol use, even in mod-erate amounts can be detrimental under certain condi-tions. Several studies have recognized the hypoglycemiceffect of alcohol use in excessive doses. Centuries ago,Krebs and fellows admitted that acute alcohol intake inexcessive doses results in hypoglycemia [2,3]. However,little is still known about the aftereffects of alcohol atlow doses, even after a week’s interval of moderatedrinking.AimWe examine the efficiency of glucose homeostasis con-trol of non-drinkers and episodic moderate drinkers,after approximately one week interval of moderatedrinking and under intensive mental activities.Materials and methodsThe Ethics Committee approved the study protocoland informed consents were obtained from the volun-teers after the aims and objectives of the study hadbeen explained. The study took 6-hours (on fasting),involving male students (5 non-drinkers and 8 episodicmoderate drinkers that have abstained from alcoholdrinks of any composition for at least the last sevendays before the study). Blood glucose concentration(BGC) was measured at 2 hours interval, includinginitial BGC. Various questionnaires - AUDIT, texts andquestions, neuropsychological questionnaires, tests onvisual, auditory, operative short-term memory andattention (using Anfimov geometric tables) were usedas a measure. The Pearson and Student’st-testswereemployed for statistical analysis of results. The prob-ability value for significance was set at p < 0.05.ResultsSignificant decrease in the effectiveness of active atten-tion and a faster development of fatigue after 4-6 hoursof mental activities in episodic moderate drinkers, com-pared to non-drinkers was statistically proven. Disordersin episodic moderate drinkers are retained within a per-iod of 7-10 days after moderate alcohol use. The non-drinkers had increasing BGC in relation to their initiallevel in all phases of the experiment (ð < 0.001).Increase in BGC of alcohol users was observed onlywithin the first 2 hours (p < 0.05). Thereafter, a signifi-cant fall in BGC was observed in the 4-6 hrs of theexperiment in relation to the BGC of anon-drinkers andits level after 2 hours. Episodic moderate drinkers had26 times higher errors on various tests than the abstai-ners (p < 0.001). The errors made on various testsincreased with decrease in BGC (r = -0.83; p < 0.01).ConclusionsThis is the first study involving male volunteers to showthat alcohol use, even episodic (1-2 times/month) insmall doses (23 ± 8 ml/person/session), after 7-10 daysof alcohol intake, is accompanied by long-term glucosehomeostasis disorders, leading to cognitive function dis-turbances and a decrease in the effectiveness of mentalactivities. Significant decrease in BGC in episodic mod-

A Single-Molecule Label-Free Identification of Single-Nucleotide Colorectal-Cancer-DNA Polymorphism Using Impedance Spectroscopy of Self-Redox-Active Decorated Carbon Nanotubes

Abstract: A novel label-free impedance assay which is based on self-redox active carbon nanotube arrays decorated by nanocyclic organometallic complex monolayer is offered to discriminate single-nucleotide polymorphism of colorectal-tumor genome. The assay is based on the following effects. A mass transfer for the multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) is testified by a Cole–Cole plot with Warburg impedance in dielectric spectra. Charging K(K')-point of graphene Brillouin zone is associated with the mass transfer for MWCNTs that leads to arising of charged MWCNT-end states. Plasma oscillations of charge carriers shield electric field of charged electrodes. Complementary hybridization of target deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) with probe DNA on the MWCNT surface facilitates the penetration of single-stranded target DNA in the nanopores. Dielectric-band appearance and shielding effects testify the duplex formation.

Stability of alpha-helical and beta-structural blocks in proteins of four structural classes

Abstract: In this article we showed the characteristic structural features of the groups of interacting alpha-helices and beta-strands (blocks) in four sets of nonhomologous proteins from different structural classes. Stability of each element of secondary structure has been checked with help of the PentaFOLD algorithm that finds intrinsic alpha-helical and beta-structural sequences of amino acid residues. We proved that the most frequent blocks of “alpha + beta” and “alpha/beta” proteins are 2 interacting alpha helices, and they demonstrate the highest level of stability. In alpha-helical proteins the most frequent blocks contain 4 alpha-helices. In beta-structural proteins alpha-helices most frequently do not interact with other helices and demonstrate the lowest level of stability. The most stable type of beta-structure is a block made from three interacting beta-strands, while the less stable one is a beta-hairpin. There is a characteristic distribution of stable alpha-helices in “alpha + beta” proteins: they are usually situated in the beginning of a block while stable beta-strands are usually situated in the end of the block. This type of distribution of stable alpha-helices and beta-strands helps the protein to form its stable three-dimensional structure in case it begins from beta-structural domain which is the most frequent case for the structural class of proteins.