Geelong Football Club

About: Geelong Football Club is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Wool. The organization has 1503 authors who have published 1826 publications receiving 34162 citations. The organization is also known as: Geelong Cats.

Muscle strength and gait speed rather than lean mass are better indicators for poor cognitive function in older men

Abstract: We aimed to examine muscle strength, function and mass in relation to cognition in older men. This cross-sectional data-set included 292 men aged ≥60 yr. Handgrip strength (kg) was measured by dynamometry, gait speed by 4-metre walk (m/s) and appendicular lean mass (kg) by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Cognition was assessed across four domains: psychomotor function, attention, visual learning and working memory. Composite scores for overall cognition were calculated. Bivariate analyses indicated that handgrip strength and gait speed were positively associated with cognitive function. After accounting for confounders, positive associations between individual muscle (or physical) measures and cognitive performance were sustained for handgrip strength and psychomotor function, gait speed and psychomotor function, gait speed and attention, handgrip strength and overall cognition, and gait speed and overall cognition. In multivariable models, handgrip strength and gait speed independently predicted psychomotor function and overall cognition. No associations were detected between lean mass and cognition after adjusting for confounders. Thus, low muscle strength and slower gait speed, rather than low lean mass, were associated with poor cognition in older men.

An outbreak of severe infections among Australian infants caused by a novel recombinant strain of human parechovirus type 3

Abstract: Human parechovirus types 1–16 (HPeV1–16) are positive strand RNA viruses in the family Picornaviridae. We investigated a 2015 outbreak of HPeV3 causing illness in infants in Victoria, Australia. Virus genome was extracted from clinical material and isolates and sequenced using a combination of next generation and Sanger sequencing. The HPeV3 outbreak genome was 98.7% similar to the HPeV3 Yamagata 2011 lineage for the region encoding the structural proteins up to nucleotide position 3115, but downstream of that the genome varied from known HPeV sequences with a similarity of 85% or less. Analysis indicated that recombination had occurred, may have involved multiple types of HPeV and that the recombination event/s occurred between March 2012 and November 2013. However the origin of the genome downstream of the recombination site is unknown. Overall, the capsid of this virus is highly conserved, but recombination provided a different non-structural protein coding region that may convey an evolutionary advantage. The indication that the capsid encoding region is highly conserved at the amino acid level may be helpful in directing energy towards the development of a preventive vaccine for expecting mothers or antibody treatment of young infants with severe disease.

Evaluating Wool Shirt Comfort with Wear Trials and the Forearm Test

Abstract: The comfort of light-weight woven fabrics in the form of next-to-skin clothing is investigated by wear trials and the forearm test. The wear trial in neutral environmental conditions shows that lig...

Deep placement of organic amendments in dense sodic subsoil increases summer fallow efficiency and the use of deep soil water by crops

Abstract: Physical subsoil constraints limit crop production in many areas of southern Australia. There has been limited success in ameliorating these constraints. A field study commenced in 2005 at two adjacent field sites with and without a 4-year history of grazing lucerne, to determine whether the incorporation of organic (lucerne pellets and dynamic lifter at rates of 10–20 t ha−1) and inorganic (gypsum, coarse sand and MAP) amendments into a depth of 30–40 cm improves crop performance on a Sodosol with dense sodic subsoil. We reported previously that the organic amendments increased wheat yield in the first year by 70% above the untreated control. This paper reports the change in soil water dynamics and the performances of a wheat crop in 2006 and a canola crop in 2007. A drought occurred in 2006 with only 55% of the average annual rainfall. The growing season in 2007 was difficult for canola, due to an extended dry period in the spring. However, there was generally more water captured and stored in deeper soil layers during the summer fallow period in both years, in plots treated with organic amendments, compared to control plots, particularly at the non-lucerne site. The application of organic amendments also increased the crop shoot biomass prior to anthesis at both sites, and increased wheat yield by up to 54% at the non-lucerne site in 2006, and the canola yield at both sites in 2007. The residual effect from the incorporation in 2005 of organic amendments in the subsoil, a practice known as subsoil manuring, significantly increased wheat yield at the non-lucerne site in 2006, and canola yield at both sites in 2007. The increases in crop yield were mainly attributed to the use of extra soil water (stored during the summer fallow) at critical growth stages.