Hiroshima University

About: Hiroshima University is a education organization based out in Hiroshima, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 33602 authors who have published 69290 publications receiving 1495648 citations. The organization is also known as: Hiroshima Daigaku.

Multiplex genome engineering in human cells using all-in-one CRISPR/Cas9 vector system

Abstract: CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing is a next-generation strategy for genetic modifications, not only for single gene targeting, but also for multiple targeted mutagenesis. To make the most of the multiplexity of CRISPR/Cas9, we established a system for constructing all-in-one expression vectors containing multiple guide RNA expression cassettes and a Cas9 nuclease/nickase expression cassette. We further demonstrated successful examples of multiple targeting including chromosomal deletions in human cells using the all-in-one CRISPR/Cas9 vectors constructed with our novel system. Our system provides an efficient targeting strategy for multiplex genome/epigenome editing, simultaneous activation/repression of multiple genes, and beyond.

First data release of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program

Abstract: This paper presents the second data release of the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program, a wide-field optical imaging survey using the 8.2 m Subaru Telescope. The release includes data from 174 nights of observation through 2018 January. The Wide layer data cover about 300 deg|$^2$| in all five broad-band filters (⁠|$grizy$|⁠) to the nominal survey exposure (10 min in |$gr$| and 20 min in |$izy$|⁠). Partially observed areas are also included in the release; about 1100 deg|$^2$| is observed in at least one filter and one exposure. The median seeing in the i-band is |${0_{.}^{\prime \prime }6}$|⁠, demonstrating the superb image quality of the survey. The Deep (26 deg|$^2$|⁠) and UltraDeep (4 deg|$^2$|⁠) data are jointly processed and the UltraDeep-COSMOS field reaches an unprecedented depth of |$i\sim 28$| at |$5 \, \sigma$| for point sources. In addition to the broad-band data, narrow-band data are also available in the Deep and UltraDeep fields. This release includes a major update to the processing pipeline, including improved sky subtraction, PSF modeling, object detection, and artifact rejection. The overall data quality has been improved, but this release is not without problems; there is a persistent deblender problem as well as new issues with masks around bright stars. The user is encouraged to review the issue list before utilizing the data for scientific explorations. All the image products as well as catalog products are available for download. The catalogs are also loaded into a database, which provides an easy interface for users to retrieve data for objects of interest. In addition to these main data products, detailed galaxy shape measurements withheld from Public Data Release 1 (PDR1) are now available to the community. The shape catalog is drawn from the S16A internal release, which has a larger area than PDR1 (160 deg|$^2$|⁠). All products are available at the data release site, https://hsc-release.mtk.nao.ac.jp/.

Expression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Human Gastric and Colonic Carcinomas

Abstract: The expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor was examined immunohistochemically in a total of 122 gastric and 61 colonic carcinomas, out of which 16 gastric and 8 colonic carcinomas were also examined by 125I-labeled EGF binding analysis and Western blotting. The values of EGF binding were 12.68 +/- 1.98 (SE; n = 16) fmol/mg protein in gastric carcinomas and 5.72 +/- 2.15 (n = 8) fmol/mg protein in nonneoplastic gastric mucosa, the difference being significant (P less than 0.01). In the colonic tissue, the binding capacities in carcinomas and nonneoplastic mucosa were 13.29 +/- 4.17 (n = 8) and 10.68 +/- 0.41 (n = 3) fmol/mg protein, respectively. Scatchard analysis of 125I-labeled EGF binding indicated a single class of receptors in gastric and colonic carcinomas with an apparent Kd value of from 111 to 277 (n = 4) and from 87.4 to 341 fM (n = 5), respectively, except for one gastric carcinoma having two classes of receptors (Kd = 15.9 and 896 fM). In Western blotting using monoclonal anti-EGF receptor antibody, various levels of EGF receptor expression were detected in 12 (85.7%) of the 14 gastric carcinomas and in 7 (87.5%) of the 8 colonic carcinomas. Immunohistochemically, EGF receptor immunoreactivity was detected in one (3.8%) of the 26 early gastric carcinomas, while it was observed in 33 (34.4%) of the 96 advanced gastric carcinomas, the incidence between the two being significantly different (P less than 0.01). In the colonic carcinomas, 47 (77.1%) of the 61 cases showed positive immunoreactivity to EGF receptor, which did not differ by histological type.

Quantum oscillations in the layered perovskite superconductor Sr2RuO4

Abstract: We report a comprehensive study of magneto-oscillatory phenomena in the normal state of S${\mathrm{r}}_{2}$Ru${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$, the first layered perovskite superconductor $({T}_{c}\ensuremath{\cong}1\mathrm{K})$ not based on copper. The form of the quasiparticle spectrum observed may be interpreted in terms of an almost two-dimensional Fermi liquid model which is consistent with Luttinger's theorem and successfully predicts bulk thermodynamic and transport properties at low temperatures. A study of the spectra and transport along the c axis provides insights into the different normal state and superconducting behavior of S${\mathrm{r}}_{2}$Ru${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ and the cuprates.

Solution‐Processable Organic Single Crystals with Bandlike Transport in Field‐Effect Transistors

Abstract: www.MaterialsViews.com C O M M Solution-Processable Organic Single Crystals with Bandlike Transport in Field-Effect Transistors U N IC A TI Chuan Liu , Takeo Minari , Xubing Lu , Akichika Kumatani , Kazuo Takimiya , and Kazuhito Tsukagoshi * O N In organic fi eld-effect transistors (OFETs),[1] the best performance of semiconducting oligomers is usually observed in the single-crystalline state rather than in their polycrystalline or amorphous state.[2] As single crystals are free of grain boundaries and molecular disorder, carrier transport is not limited by hopping between localized states but features high mobility (>1 cm2 V−1 s−1) and bandlike transport, i.e. mobility increases with cooling due to lower lattice vibrations or phonon scattering.[2h,3] Based on single-crystal rubrene OFETs, Podzorov et al. observed simultaneously intrinsic bandlike and hopping transport in anisotropic directions, while Hulea et al. reported the mobility transition from metal-like to insulator-like with increasing dielectric constant.[4] Besides for understanding of their fundamental physics, single crystals are also desired for device application. For instance, Briseno et al. demonstrated the patterning of large arrays of high-performance singlecrystal OFETs with microcontact-printed octadecyltriethoxysilane (OTS) fi lms and Tang et al. used predeposited crystals to construct CuPc nanoribbons in various architectures.[5] However, organic single crystals are diffi cult to fabricate and only a few have been applied in OFETs, either by vacuum vapor or, more preferable for device application, by a solution process. The commonly used solution method is based on drying the solution to recrystallize molecules such as bistriisopropylsilylethynyl pentacene (TIPS-PEN), the highest saturated FET mobility ( μ FET ) of which is 1.4 cm 2 V − 1 s − 1 . [ 2 e, 2 h] Yet this method cannot be performed on a polymer dielectric surface unless an orthogonal solvent is used and sometimes it takes a very long time (e.g. several days). [ 2 g] Here, we report use of an advanced method, solvent vapor annealing (SVA), for fabrication of single crystals of dioctylbenzothienobenzothiophene (C8-BTBT, Figure 1 top ) on a polymer surface, which is an air-stable and high-mobility semiconductor. [ 6 ] By further combining our method with a self-organized phase-separation method, [ 7 ]