Hiroshima University

About: Hiroshima University is a education organization based out in Hiroshima, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 33602 authors who have published 69290 publications receiving 1495648 citations. The organization is also known as: Hiroshima Daigaku.

2,6-Diphenylbenzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dichalcogenophenes: a new class of high-performance semiconductors for organic field-effect transistors.

Abstract: 2,6-Diphenylbenzo[1,2-b:4,5-b‘]dichalcogenophenes including thiophene, selenophene, and tellurophene analogues as organic semiconductors for field-effect transistors were effectively synthesized in three steps from commercially available 1,4-dibromobenzene. All three benzodichalcogenophenes acted as good p-type semiconductors, and particularly the selenophene analogue, 2,6-diphenylbenzo[1,2-b:4,5-b‘]diselenophene, showed high FET mobility of 0.17 cm2 V-1 s-1.

Modeling and Reproducibility of Suzaku HXD PIN/GSO Background

Abstract: Suzaku Hard X-ray Detector (HXD) achieved the lowest background level than any other previously or currently operational missions sensitive in the energy range of 10–600 keV, by utilizing PIN photodiodes and GSO scintillators mounted in BGO active shields to reject particle background and Compton-scattered events as much as possible. Because it does not have an imaging capability nor rocking mode for the background monitor, the sensitivity is limited by the reproducibility of the non X-ray background (NXB) model. We modeled the HXD NXB, which varies with time as well as other satellites with a low-Earth orbit, by utilizing several parameters, including particle monitor counts and satellite orbital/attitude information. The model background is supplied as an event file in which the background events are generated by random numbers, and can be analyzed in the same way as the real data. The reproducibility of the NXB model depends on the event selection criteria (such as cut-off rigidity and energy band) and the integration time, and the 1 systematic error is estimated to be less than 3% (PIN 15–40 keV) and 1% (GSO 50–100 keV) for more than 10 ks exposure.

High-pT charged hadron suppression in Au+Au collisions at √sNN=200 GeV

Abstract: The PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider has measured charged hadron yields at midrapidity over a wide range of transverse momenta $(0.5l{p}_{T}l10\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{GeV}∕c)$ in $\text{Au}+\text{Au}$ collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=200\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{GeV}$. The data are compared to ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ measurements from the same experiment. For both charged hadrons and neutral pions, the yields per nucleon-nucleon collision are significantly suppressed in central compared to peripheral and nucleon-nucleon collisions. The suppression sets in gradually and increases with increasing centrality of the collisions. Above $4--5\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\text{GeV}∕c$ in ${p}_{T}$, a constant and almost identical suppression of charged hadrons and ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$'s is observed. The ${p}_{T}$ spectra are compared to published spectra from $\text{Au}+\text{Au}$ at $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=130$ in terms of ${x}_{T}$ scaling. Central and peripheral ${\ensuremath{\pi}}^{0}$ as well as peripheral charged spectra exhibit the same ${x}_{T}$ scaling as observed in $p+p$ data.

A long-term follow-up study after medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction using the transferred semitendinosus tendon for patellar dislocation

Abstract: The management of patellar dislocation syndrome has traditionally been difficult. There are no golden standard methods for patellar dislocations probably due to the many etiologies. However, it is known that medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is damaged when the patella is dislocated. The purpose of this study is to examine whether our method of MPFL reconstruction is useful for the treatment of dislocated patellae and unstable patellae. Forty-six knees (43 patients) of 68 knees (65 patients) that were operated on using our surgical procedure for MPFL reconstruction with the advancement of the vastus medialis or the MPFL reconstruction with Insall’s procedure were followed up for at least 5 years. The patient age ranged from 6 to 43 years. These knees consisted of six habitual dislocation patellae, twenty-six recurrent dislocation patellae, ten traumatic dislocation patellae, and four unstable patellae. The patients were evaluated pre-operatively and more than three times post-operatively at 6, 12, 36, 60, or 120 months. No patient experienced patellar dislocation after surgery. Their post-operative Kujala’s scores were significantly improved. On conventional X-ray and on stress X-ray evaluations, the mean values for congruence angle, tilting angle, lateral shift ratio, medial stress shift ratio, and lateral stress shift ratio at the final follow-up (60 or 120 months) were demonstrated to be within the normal range. We conclude that our MPFL reconstruction method with the advancement of the vastus medialis or with Insall’s procedure might be recommended for the treatment of habitual, recurrent, and indeed any other type of patellar dislocation, as well as for unstable patellae.

Evidence from angle-resolved resonant photoemission for oxygen-2p nature of the Fermi-liquid states in Bi2CaSr2Cu2O8

Abstract: It has been generally accepted that a strong on-site Coulomb repulsion of the Cu 3d electrons dominates the electronic structure of the high-transition-temperature (high-Tc) superconductors. The on-site Coulomb repulsion has been evaluated as 6–7 eV, comparable with the valence-band width1,2. This strong correlation is thought to cause the Cu 3d electrons to be localized as in a Mott insulator, and doped holes may be transferred to oxygen sites, as the charge transfer energy is small compared with the correlation energy. These doped holes yield a substantial density of states at the Fermi level, characteristic of metals. There has been great effort to find and characterize the electronic states at the Fermi level, because these states relate directly to the mechanism of the high-Tc superconductivity by providing Cooper pairs below Tc. Here we report the first direct evidence for the dominant oxygen-2p nature of the Fermi-liquid state in the high-Tc superconductor, obtained using the technique of angle-resolved resonant photoemission.