KCG College of Technology

About: KCG College of Technology is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & The Internet. The organization has 427 authors who have published 381 publications receiving 2193 citations.

Analysis of statistical texture features for automatic lung cancer detection in PET/CT images

Abstract: Lung cancer is the most prevalent cancer and is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide The overall survival rate of lung cancer patients is only 14% Lives of cancer patients can be saved if the cancer is detected in the initial stages Positron Emission Tomography / Computed Tomography (PET/CT) is the preferred imaging modality in cancer detection with improved diagnostic accuracy due to the integration of functional (PET) and anatomical (CT) information into a single scan Although PET/CT is advantageous over other modalities, visual inspection of these images may be an error prone task, as it is difficult to distinguish between background tissues and lung nodules and subject to inter and intra observer variability Therefore, computational systems are essential to assist radiologists in the elucidation of images and accurate diagnosis This paper aims at developing a methodology for automatic detection of lung cancer from PET/CT images Image pre-processing methods such as Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) and Wiener filtering were performed to remove the artifacts due to contrast variations and noise Lung region of interest (ROI) were extracted from images using morphological operators Haralick statistical texture features were preferred as they extract more texture information from the cancer regions than the visual assessment Fuzzy C means (FCM) clustering was used to classify the regions as normal or abnormal The proposed method was carried out using PET/CT images of lung cancer patients and implemented using MATLAB The performance of the proposed methodology was evaluated using Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve The proposed method provides better classification and cancer detection with an overall accuracy of 9267%

A fixed bed column study for the removal of Pb2+ ions by watermelon rind

Abstract: The present study reports the feasibility of removing Pb2+ ions from aqueous solution using watermelon rind (WR) as a low cost adsorbent. Fixed bed column studies were employed to study the removal efficiency of Pb2+ ions by varying the column parameters such as flow rate, bed height and initial metal ion concentration. The results showed that breakthrough and exhaustion time increases with a decrease in flow rate, inlet concentration, and an increasing bed height. The breakthrough curves obtained were analyzed with Adams–Bohart, Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models. On comparison of the R2 values, both the Thomas and Yoon–Nelson models were found to have a better fit than the Adams–Bohart model and these two models can be used to predict the adsorption of Pb2+ ions in a fixed bed column. Desorption of Pb2+ ions on WR was repeated for three cycles in 0.1 M HCl solution. The loading capacity of WR was compared with other adsorbents and was found to be high. These results show that watermelon rind, a non-hazardous agro waste, can be successfully employed for the elimination of Pb2+ ions from aqueous solution.

Methylene blue adsorption onto native watermelon rind: batch and fixed bed column studies

Abstract: This study reports the feasibility of waste watermelon rind as adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue in batch and continuous column studies. Batch mode adsorption studies were performed by varying the batch parameters such as pH, contact time, adsorbent dose, initial dye concentration, and temperature. The equilibrium data were analyzed with Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models and found to better with Langmuir and Temkin models. The kinetic data reveal that the present system follows pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Thermodynamic studies reveal that the present process is spontaneous and exothermic in nature. Fixed bed column studies were performed by varying the column parameters such as flow rate, bed height, and initial inlet concentration. The breakthrough curves obtained were analyzed with Adams–Bohart, Thomas, and Yoon–Nelson models. The results show that watermelon rind an agro waste can be successfully employed for the elimination of methylene blue from aqueous solution.

Chaotic dynamics of a zero average dynamics controlled DC-DC Cuk converter

Abstract: The undesirable subharmonics in periodically driven non-linear systems such as switching power converters is a more common problem in power electronic circuits. Such operations are usually avoided by modifying the circuit parameters which necessitates a proper understanding of the system. In the present study, non-linear dynamic behaviour in a zero average dynamics (ZAD) controlled DC–DC Cuk converter is investigated. The effects of varying the control parameters on the qualitative behaviour of the system are studied in detail. Bifurcation analysis of a ZAD controlled DC–DC Cuk converter has not been reported so far in the literature as it involves complex modelling and implementation of the overall control system. To reduce the complexity in deriving the map dynamics and computing the ZAD control parameters, a reduced order model is derived. Moment matching technique is used to obtain the reduced order model. It is found that for even small control parameter variations, the system exhibits period-doubling bifurcation. The dynamics of this converter system has been mathematically described and analysed with a simple discrete map. Computer simulations as well as experimental investigations are performed to study the qualitative behaviour of the system under variations of different parameters. The results offer useful information of parameter space for the design and operation of the converter in the desired fundamental stable regime. Finally, a time-delay component is included in the ZAD control strategy and it is shown that the onset of chaos can be delayed.

Metal ion free watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) rind as adsorbent for the removal of lead and copper ions from aqueous solution

Abstract: Chemically protonated watermelon rind (PWR) was evaluated as a low-cost and efficient adsorbent for the removal of Pb2+ and Cu2+ ions from aqueous solution. Protonation of watermelon rind (WR) was carried out with 0.1 M HCl as protonating agent. The adsorption process was found to be spontaneous and exothermic in nature. Kinetic investigations suggest that the present system follows pseudo-second-order kinetic model and rate-limiting step is not chemical reaction. The maximum loading capacity of PWR was found to be 116.2 and 39.2 mg g−1 for Pb2+ and Cu2+ ions, respectively. FTIR and energy dispersive X-ray analyses supported the sorption of metal ions onto PWR. The results suggested that WR can be an effective adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution.