Showing papers by "Renmin University of China published in 2010"
Posted Content•
TL;DR: The authors found that futures prices of different commodities in the US became increasingly correlated with each other and this trend was significantly more pronounced for commodities in two popular GSCI and DJ-UBS commodity indices.
Abstract: This paper finds that, concurrent with the rapid growing index investment in commodities markets since early 2000s, futures prices of different commodities in the US became increasingly correlated with each other and this trend was significantly more pronounced for commodities in the two popular GSCI and DJ-UBS commodity indices. This finding reflects a financialization process of commodities markets and helps explain the synchronized price boom and bust of a broad set of seemingly unrelated commodities in the US in 2006-2008. In contrast, such commodity price comovements were absent in China, which refutes growing commodity demands from emerging economies as the driver.
990 citations
TL;DR: Because there is no metallic impurity in graphene raw materials, the time-consuming purification process for removing metal nanoparticles entrapped in carbon nanotubes is thus avoided when graphene is used to prepare biomedical materials.
540 citations
TL;DR: This paper analyzed the evolution of local governments' roles in different periods of China's growth in transition and explored local fiscal incentives to use subsidised land and infrastructure as key instruments in regional competition for manufacturing investment since the mid 1990s.
Abstract: By analysing the evolution of local governments’ roles in different periods of China’s growth in transition, this paper explores local fiscal incentives to use subsidised land and infrastructure as key instruments in regional competition for manufacturing investment since the mid 1990s. Local land development behaviour is related to China’s current land use institutions and intergovernmental arrangements. On the basis of panel data covering prefectural-level cities from 1999 to 2003, the paper empirically identifies and compares the fiscal impacts of different forms of land leasing (by negotiation versus by auction/tender). Policy implications are drawn from this analysis, for the further reform of China’s urban land system and fiscal institutions.
355 citations
TL;DR: A novel vision-based approach that is Web-page-programming-language-independent is proposed that primarily utilizes the visual features on the deep Web pages to implement deep Web data extraction, including data record extraction and data item extraction.
Abstract: Deep Web contents are accessed by queries submitted to Web databases and the returned data records are enwrapped in dynamically generated Web pages (they will be called deep Web pages in this paper). Extracting structured data from deep Web pages is a challenging problem due to the underlying intricate structures of such pages. Until now, a large number of techniques have been proposed to address this problem, but all of them have inherent limitations because they are Web-page-programming-language-dependent. As the popular two-dimensional media, the contents on Web pages are always displayed regularly for users to browse. This motivates us to seek a different way for deep Web data extraction to overcome the limitations of previous works by utilizing some interesting common visual features on the deep Web pages. In this paper, a novel vision-based approach that is Web-page-programming-language-independent is proposed. This approach primarily utilizes the visual features on the deep Web pages to implement deep Web data extraction, including data record extraction and data item extraction. We also propose a new evaluation measure revision to capture the amount of human effort needed to produce perfect extraction. Our experiments on a large set of Web databases show that the proposed vision-based approach is highly effective for deep Web data extraction.
278 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the Ricci curvature in the sense of Bakry and Emery is bounded below by $-1$ on locally finite graphs and the eigenvalue of Laplace operator on finite graphs is given.
Abstract: We give a generalizations of lower Ricci curvature bound in the framework of graphs. We prove that the Ricci curvature in the sense of Bakry and Emery is bounded below by $-1$ on locally finite graphs. The Ricci flat graph in the sense of Chung and Yau is proved to be a graph with Ricci curvature bounded below by zero. We also get an estimate for the eigenvalue of Laplace operator on finite graphs: $$\lambda\ge {1\over d D(\exp( d D+1)-1)},$$ where $d$ is the weighted degree of $G$, and $D$ is the diameter of $G$.
243 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a spinel LTO was processed into a nanosized architecture to shorten the distance for Li-ion and electron transport using the versatile electrospinning method.
227 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the market response to an unexpected announcement of the sale of government-owned shares in China and find a negative effect of government ownership on returns at the announcement date and a symmetric positive effect from the policy's cancellation.
221 citations
TL;DR: Azole derivatives were synthesized by iron-catalyzed oxidative reactions of azoles and ethers in good to excellent yields.
208 citations
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors found that CEOs' values may either enhance or attenuate the effect of transformational behavior on followers, depending on followers' reactions to the congruence or incongruence between leaders' internal values and their outward transformational behaviors.
Abstract: This paper theorizes and tests how chief executive officers' (CEOs') transformational leadership behaviors, which motivate followers to do more than expected and act for the good of the collective, influence followers' commitment. We theorize that CEOs' values may either enhance or attenuate the effect of transformational behaviors on followers, depending on followers' reactions to the congruence or incongruence between leaders' internal values and their outward transformational behaviors. Self-enhancement values—focusing on the leader's own happiness—would attenuate the effect, whereas self-transcendent values—focusing on others' happiness—would accentuate the effect of CEOs' transformational behaviors on followers' commitment. Using a sample of 45 managers in two companies in China, we validated a Q-sort method of measuring personal values. Results of a second study using cross-sectional and longitudinal surveys as well as interview data from a sample of Chinese CEOs, top managers, and middle managers s...
201 citations
TL;DR: This study demonstrates that, compared with the benchmark based on the wholesale price mechanism, option contracts can coordinate the supply chain and achieve Pareto-improvement.
197 citations
TL;DR: The simplest iron-based superconductor is the chalcogenide Fe1+yTe1−xSex as mentioned in this paper, which has been shown to have a different magnetic origin of superconductivity owing to differences in its electronic states from the iron pnictides.
Abstract: The simplest iron-based superconductor is the chalcogenide Fe1+yTe1−xSex. Previous work suggested a different magnetic origin of superconductivity owing to differences in its electronic states of this material and the iron pnictides, or at least in their parent compounds —the undoped and non-superconducting versions. The differences are now reconciled by showing a modification of the Fe1+yTe1−xSex states when the Se content is increased.
TL;DR: The role of political skill was examined in the dynamics of supervisor-subordinate relationship in Chinese firms Data from a survey of 343 employees, their 343 direct supervisors, and 662 of their peers were applied to test a model proposing that Chinesesubordinates employ political skill to influence their guanxi with their supervisors and sopromote their career development.
Abstract: The role of political skill was examined in the dynamics of supervisor–subordinaterelationship in Chinese firms Data from a survey of 343 employees, their 343 directsupervisors, and 662 of their peers were applied to test a model proposing that Chinesesubordinates employ political skill to influence their guanxi with their supervisors, and sopromote their career development We found that supervisor–subordinate guanxi mediated therelationship between political skill and career development of the subordinates Implications ofthe findings were discussed INTRODUCTION The past decade has seen the growth of a body of research on political skill in businessPolitical skill refers to ‘ the ability to effectively understand others at work and to usesuch knowledge to influence others to act in ways that enhance one’s personal and/ororganizational objectives’ (Ferris et al, 2005b, p 127) Research has addressed the directrelationship between political skill and its outcomes, including human resource decisions(Wayne et al, 1997), job/team performance (Ahearn et al, 2004; Ferris et al, 2001), andinfluence effectiveness (Kolodinsky et al, 2007), but there is very little on the process bywhich political skill functionsAdditionally, most studies of political skill have taken the supervisor’s perspective,investigating supervisors’ political skill and its effect on subordinate outcomes (egTreadway et al, 2004), subordinates’ ratings of their supervisors’ effectiveness (egDouglas and Ammeter, 2004), and team performance (Ahearn et al, 2004) However,until recently there have been very few studies examining the role of the subordinate’spolitical skill, especially its effect on career success Breland et al (2007) tested a modellinking subordinates’ political skill to their career success and including the moderatingeffect of leader–member exchange (LMX) (Dienesch and Liden, 1986; Graen and
TL;DR: A large and reliable group difference indicated that, on average, a majority of patients (73%) perform outside the range of healthy subjects on aggregate NSS measures, and Cognitive performance and positive and negative symptoms share 2%-10% of their variance with NSS.
Abstract: Background: Neurological soft signs (NSS) are hypothesized as candidate endophenotypes for schizophrenia, but their prevalence and relations with clinical and demographic data are unknown. The authors undertook a quantification (meta-analysis) of the published literature on NSS in patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. A systematic search was conducted for published articles reporting NSS and related data using standard measures in schizophrenia and healthy comparison groups. Method: A systematic search was conducted for published articles reporting data on the prevalence of NSS in schizophrenia using standard clinical rating scales and healthy comparison groups. Meta-analyses were performed using the Comprehensive Meta-analysis software package. Effect sizes (Cohen d) indexing the difference between schizophrenic patients and the healthy controls were calculated on the basis of reported statistics. Potential moderator variables evaluated included age of patient samples, level of education, sample sex proportions, medication doses, and negative and positive symptoms. Results: A total of 33 articlesmetinclusion criteriafor the meta-analysis. A large and reliable group difference (Cohen d) indicated that, on average, a majority of patients (73%) perform outside the range of healthy subjects on aggregate NSS measures. Cognitive performance and positive andnegativesymptomsshare2%–10%oftheirvariancewith NSS. Conclusions: NSS occur in a majority of the schizophrenia patient population and are largely distinct from symptomatic and cognitive features of the illness.
TL;DR: CNDPASDB exhibits a strong solvent polarity dependent characteristic of aggregation-induced emission (AIE), and by time-dependent spectra, the gradual transition from local excited state to intramolecular charge transfer state with the increasing solventPolarity is clearly resolved.
Abstract: Cyano-substituted oligo (α-phenylenevinylene)-1,4-bis(R-cyano-4-diphenylaminostyryl)-2,5-diphenylbenzene (CNDPASDB) molecules are studied in solution and aggregate state by time-resolved fluorescence techniques. CNDPASDB exhibits a strong solvent polarity dependent characteristic of aggregation-induced emission (AIE). By time-dependent spectra, the gradual transition from local excited state to intramolecular charge transfer state with the increasing solvent polarity is clearly resolved. The transition time in high polarity solvent DMF is very fast, around 0.5 ps, resulting in a low fluorescence quantum yield. While in aggregate state, the intramolecular torsion is restricted and the local environment becomes less polar. Thus, the intramolecular charge transfer state is eliminated and efficient AIE occurs.
TL;DR: In this paper, the existence and uniqueness of strong solutions of stochastic equations of non-negative processes with jumps with jumps were established under Lipschitz and non-Lipinski conditions.
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors identified a pattern of gender differences similar to common findings in the West: women demonstrated greater participation in environmental behaviors inside of the home (e.g., recycling), while outside of the homes no gendered patterns were exhibited.
Abstract: China represents the third largest economy and the highest level of national carbon dioxide emissions when compared to other nations across the globe. Yet, little social science research has focused on the environmentally oriented behaviors of Chinese nationals, key to understanding levels of environmental impact. This study examines, in China, gender differences in environmentally oriented behaviors, environmental knowledge, and general environmental concern. Making use of path analyses, we identify a pattern of gender differences similar to common findings in the West: women demonstrated greater participation in environmental behaviors inside of the home (e.g., recycling), while outside of the home (e.g., environmental organization donations) no gendered patterns were exhibited. However, Chinese women expressed lower levels of concern than men—a finding opposite of most Western studies. Also distinct from other settings, in China, higher levels of knowledge regarding environmental issues did, indeed, translate into pro-environmental behaviors—thereby not exhibiting the knowledge-behavior gap demonstrated elsewhere.
TL;DR: In this article, the structural and dynamical features for glass forming ability (GFA) were analyzed for CuZr metallic alloys and it was found that these Zr-centered clusters are intrinsically slow and fundamentally determine the stability and slow dynamics.
Abstract: Molecular dynamics simulations are performed for CuZr metallic alloys to study the structural and dynamical features for glass forming ability (GFA). Our analysis shows that in CuZr metallic system, although ⟨0,0,12,0⟩ icosahedral clusters are important, some Zr-centered clusters such as ⟨0,1,10,4⟩ and ⟨0,1,10,5⟩ play a key role in slowing down the dynamics. It is found that these Zr-centered clusters are intrinsically slow and fundamentally determine the stability and slow dynamics. Due to the strong spatial correlation between ⟨0,0,12,0⟩ and Zr-centered clusters, their relative population influences the dense packing and dynamics in metallic glasses, and further the GFA.
22 Mar 2010
TL;DR: A family of novel approximate SimRank computation algorithms for static and dynamic information networks are developed and their corresponding theoretical justification and analysis are given.
Abstract: Information networks are ubiquitous in many applications and analysis on such networks has attracted significant attention in the academic communities. One of the most important aspects of information network analysis is to measure similarity between nodes in a network. SimRank is a simple and influential measure of this kind, based on a solid theoretical "random surfer" model. Existing work computes SimRank similarity scores in an iterative mode. We argue that the iterative method can be infeasible and inefficient when, as in many real-world scenarios, the networks change dynamically and frequently. We envision non-iterative method to bridge the gap. It allows users not only to update the similarity scores incrementally, but also to derive similarity scores for an arbitrary subset of nodes. To enable the non-iterative computation, we propose to rewrite the SimRank equation into a non-iterative form by using the Kronecker product and vectorization operators. Based on this, we develop a family of novel approximate SimRank computation algorithms for static and dynamic information networks, and give their corresponding theoretical justification and analysis. The non-iterative method supports efficient processing of various node analysis including similarity tracking and centrality tracking on evolving information networks. The effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed methods are evaluated on synthetic and real data sets.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider the debate about whether emotional intelligence has incremental validity over and above traditional intelligence dimensions and propose that emotional intelligence and general mental abilities differ in predicting academic performance and the quality of social interactions among college students.
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors conducted an inductive analysis of CSR in China based on an open-ended survey of 630 CEOs and business owners in 12 provinces (municipalities) in China.
Abstract: The purpose of this study is to identify China’s indigenous conceptual dimensions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and to increase the knowledge and comprehension about CSR in specific context. We conducted an inductive analysis of CSR in China based on an open-ended survey of 630 CEOs and business owners in 12 provinces (municipalities) in China. In the survey, we collected CSR sample responses. After examining the qualitative data, we identified nine dimensions of CSR, among which six dimensions are similar to their western counterparts; however, the other three dimensions were never mentioned in previous literature, which mostly study the cases in the western world. In addition, two of the widely accepted CSR dimensions in the western world have no embodiments in China. A comparative study of CSR between China and western countries also unveiled some unique dimensions of CSR in China. In conclusion, CSR manifested in China is different from that in western countries, and China’s CSR is closely related to its social and cultural background.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the levels and determinants of rice producers' technical efficiency for three villages with different characteristics in a major rice-growing area of South-East China, focusing in particular on the impact of land fragmentation.
Abstract: Rice farming is important for income generation in large parts of China and Asia. This paper uses detailed household, crop- and plot-level data to investigate the levels and determinants of rice producers’ technical efficiency for three villages with different characteristics in a major rice-growing area of South-East China, focusing in particular on the impact of land fragmentation. Empirical results obtained by applying a stochastic frontier model showed statistically significant differences in technology level among villages, with the remotest village having the lowest technology level. Within villages average technical efficiency was generally high, ranging from 0.80 to 0.91 for the three types of rice that are grown in the region. For late-rice producers, no statistically significant variation was found in their technical efficiencies. Land fragmentation was found to be an important determinant of technical efficiency in early-rice and one-season rice production. An increase in average plot size increased rice farmers’ technical efficiency. Given average plot size, an increase in the number of plots was found to increase technical efficiency, indicating the presence of variation effects. A larger distance between homesteads and plots contributed to technical inefficiency in early-rice production. The high levels of technical efficiency found in our study support the view that to raise rice productivity in the long run, new technologies need to be introduced.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Hard stabilization appliances, when adjusted properly, have good evidence of modest efficacy in the treatment of TMJD pain compared to non-occluding appliances and no treatment, and the potential for adverse events with these appliances is higher and suggests the need for close monitoring in their use.
Abstract: Aims To conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that have assessed the efficacy of intraoral orthopedic appliances to reduce pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders affecting muscle and joint (TMJD) compared to subjects receiving placebo control, no treatment, or other treatments. Methods A search strategy of MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, the Cochrane CENTRAL Register, and manual search identified all English language publications of RCTs for intraoral appliance treatment of TMJD pain during the years of January 1966 to March 2006. Two additional studies from 2006 were added during the review process. Selection criteria included RCTs assessing the efficacy of hard and soft stabilization appliances, anterior positioning appliances, anterior bite appliances, and other appliance types for TMJD pain. Pain relief outcome measures were used in the meta-analyses, and the QUORUM criteria for data abstraction were used. A quality analysis of the methods of each RCT was conducted using the CONSORT criteria. The review findings were expressed both as a qualitative review and, where possible, as a mathematical synthesis using meta-analysis of results. Results A total of 47 publications citing 44 RCTs with 2,218 subjects were included. Ten RCTs were included in two meta-analyses. In the first meta-analysis of seven studies with 385 patients, a hard stabilization appliance was found to improve TMJD pain compared to non-occluding appliance. The overall odds ratio (OR) of 2.46 was statistically significant (P = .001), with a 95% confidence interval of 1.56 to 3.67. In the second meta-analysis of three studies including 216 patients, a hard stabilization appliance was found to improve TMJD pain compared to no-treatment controls. The overall OR of 2.15 was positive but not statistically significant, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.80 to 5.75. The quality (0 to 1) of the studies was moderate, with a mean of 55% of quality criteria being met, suggesting some susceptibility to systematic bias may have existed. Conclusion Hard stabilization appliances, when adjusted properly, have good evidence of modest efficacy in the treatment of TMJD pain compared to non-occluding appliances and no treatment. Other types of appliances, including soft stabilization appliances, anterior positioning appliances, and anterior bite appliances, have some RCT evidence of efficacy in reducing TMJD pain. However, the potential for adverse events with these appliances is higher and suggests the need for close monitoring in their use.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the link between abusive supervision and subordinate supervisor-directed deviance by focusing on the moderating role of traditionality and the mediating roles of revenge cognitions directed towards supervisors.
Abstract: This study examined the link between abusive supervision and subordinate supervisor- directed deviance by focusing on the moderating role of traditionality and the mediating role of revenge cognitions directed towards supervisors. The results of analysing 283 supervisor-subordinate dyads in six private electronic companies and 222 supervisor-subordinate dyads in two state-owned oil and gas companies in the People's Republic of China showed that abusive supervision was positively related to revenge cognitions directed towards supervisors and to supervisor-directed deviance. In addition, traditionality moderated the above relationships such that they were stronger among low traditionalists than among high ones, while revenge cognitions mediated the main effect of abusive supervision and the interactive effect of abusive supervision and traditionality on supervisor-directed deviance.
TL;DR: Li et al. as mentioned in this paper conducted the first systematic evaluation of the world's largest community-based development program, which finances public investments in designated poor villages based on participatory village planning and found that the program significantly increased both government and village-financed investments.
TL;DR: A first principles study of spin transport under finite bias through a graphene-ferromagnet (FM) interface, where FM = Co(111), Ni(111).
Abstract: We report a first principles study of spin-transport under finite bias through a graphene-ferromagnet (FM) interface, where FM=Co(111), Ni(111). The use of Co and Ni electrodes achieves spin efficiencies reaching 80% and 60%, respectively. This large spin filtering results from the materials specific interaction between graphene and the FM which destroys the linear dispersion relation of the graphene bands and leads to an opening of spin-dependent energy gaps of roughly 0.4-0.5 eV at the K points. The minority spin band gap resides higher in energy than the majority spin band gap located near the Fermi level, a feature that results in large minority spin dominated currents.
TL;DR: This article examined whether the gender of top executives affects earnings quality in Chinese listed firms and found that earnings quality proxies, including earnings persistence, the accuracy of current earnings in forecasting future cash flows, the association between earnings and stock returns, and the absolute magnitude of discretionary accruals do not display significant differences for firms with female and male top executives.
TL;DR: A fuzzy programming tool is employed to design a hybrid intelligent algorithm which integrates fuzzy simulation and genetic algorithm to solve the design of product recovery network.
25 Jul 2010
TL;DR: This paper exploits the inherent parallelism and high memory bandwidth of graphics processing units (GPU) to accelerate the computation of SimRank on large graphs and proposes to utilize the iterative aggregation techniques for uncoupling Markov chains to compute SimRank scores in parallel for large graphs.
Abstract: Recently there has been a lot of interest in graph-based analysis. One of the most important aspects of graph-based analysis is to measure similarity between nodes in a graph. SimRank is a simple and influential measure of this kind, based on a solid graph theoretical model. However, existing methods on SimRank computation suffer from two limitations: 1) the computing cost can be very high in practice; and 2) they can only be applied on static graphs. In this paper, we exploit the inherent parallelism and high memory bandwidth of graphics processing units (GPU) to accelerate the computation of SimRank on large graphs. Furthermore, based on the observation that SimRank is essentially a first-order Markov Chain, we propose to utilize the iterative aggregation techniques for uncoupling Markov chains to compute SimRank scores in parallel for large graphs. The iterative aggregation method can be applied on dynamic graphs. Moreover, it can handle not only the link-updating problem but also the node-updating problem. Extensive experiments on synthetic and real data sets verify that the proposed methods are efficient and effective.
TL;DR: Zhang et al. as discussed by the authors studied the evolution of land rights trading in one Chinese province, Zhejiang, to balance development and preservation in a fast growing regional economy, allowing local governments to earn land-use quotas and established a market for trading.
Book Chapter•
19 Mar 2010