Rider University

About: Rider University is a education organization based out in Lawrenceville, New Jersey, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Dosimetry & Creativity. The organization has 881 authors who have published 1934 publications receiving 50752 citations.

Life orientation and post-mortem reorientation of Chesterian brachiopod shells by paleocurrents

Abstract: Pediculate, biconvex brachiopods from the Chesterian (Late Mississippian) Chainman Formation of the Confusion Range, Westcentral Utah, lived with their commissures steeply inclined to the sediment surface. This inference is based on 1) commensal epizoans localized anteriorly on both valves, 2) abrasion equally well developed on the posterior of both valves, 3) preservation of specimens attached to skeletal clasts, and 4) flume experiments that reveal the advantages of the erect orientation for lateral inhalant flow between the valves. Experiments show that concavo-convex brachiopods (Linoproductus, Inflatia) are hydrodynamically most stable in their reclining life orientation. Winged taxa (Punctospirifer) and non-winged taxa (Anthracospirifer, Reticulariina) with broad interareas are next in order of stability in their life orientation. Brachiopods with a small interarea (Schizophoria) or no interarea (Rhipidomella) show moderate to very low stability, respectively. Brachiopods with curved hinge lines (Composita, Cleiothyridina, Eumetria, Hustedia) also show low stability in life orientation. Taphonomic data are consistent with these results. Concavo-convex and bioconvex, winged shells, as well as non-winged forms with broad interareas, were most often found anterior-posteriorly crushed by sediment compaction, indicating burial in life orientation. Forms with small interareas and with curved hingelines are often dorsoventrally flattened or laterally compressed, indicating reorientation by currents before burial and sediment compaction. This Chainman brachiopod fauna experienced moderate currents, competent to destabilize the shells selectively from the array of shapes. Frequencies of preservation of shells in life orientation are expected to vary with the hydrodynamic stability of the shape. This is a potentially reliable indicator of paleocurrent competencies in brachiopod community transitions across the paleoslope or from proximal to distal portions of tempestites.

Early infant crawling experience is reflected in later motor skill development

Abstract: The influences of early crawling experience on motor skill development were examined in children identified by parents as crawlers or noncrawlers during early infancy. Relative to the performance of crawlers, noncrawlers showed lower average and subtest-specific performance on selected measures of the Miller Assessment for Preschoolers. These results, interpreted through Ayres' sensory integration theory and applied to current occupational therapy practice, support Farber's hypothesized importance of early crawling experience in the development of sensory and motor systems of the body and general motor skill development.