Showing papers by "Rider University published in 2021"
Daniel S. Falster1, Rachael V. Gallagher2, Rachael V. Gallagher3, Elizabeth Wenk1 +216 more•Institutions (72)
TL;DR: The AusTraits database as discussed by the authors is a collection of values of plant traits for taxa in the Australian flora, including physiological measures of performance (e.g. photosynthetic gas exchange, water-use efficiency) to morphological attributes (ee. g. leaf area, seed mass, plant height) which link to aspects of ecological variation.
Abstract: We introduce the AusTraits database - a compilation of values of plant traits for taxa in the Australian flora (hereafter AusTraits). AusTraits synthesises data on 448 traits across 28,640 taxa from field campaigns, published literature, taxonomic monographs, and individual taxon descriptions. Traits vary in scope from physiological measures of performance (e.g. photosynthetic gas exchange, water-use efficiency) to morphological attributes (e.g. leaf area, seed mass, plant height) which link to aspects of ecological variation. AusTraits contains curated and harmonised individual- and species-level measurements coupled to, where available, contextual information on site properties and experimental conditions. This article provides information on version 3.0.2 of AusTraits which contains data for 997,808 trait-by-taxon combinations. We envision AusTraits as an ongoing collaborative initiative for easily archiving and sharing trait data, which also provides a template for other national or regional initiatives globally to fill persistent gaps in trait knowledge.
38 citations
TL;DR: Some provisional limitations associated with the use of telehealth to conduct psychological assessments that will have to be considered as use of these platforms is debated are raised.
Abstract: Decision-makers in school psychology are presently engaged in the process of determining how to, if possible, move forward with conducting mandated psychoeducational evaluations of students in schools during the pandemic. Whereas prominent organizations within the profession (e.g., American Psychological Association, National Association of School Psychologists) have issued guidance and encouraged practitioners to delay testing, it is not clear whether that is a viable option in every jurisdiction. Accordingly, professionals are now considering the potential use of telehealth platforms to conduct assessments, in some form, as we move forward and deal with this crisis. The goal of this brief commentary is to raise some provisional limitations associated with the use of telehealth to conduct psychological assessments that we believe will have to be considered as use of these platforms is debated. Recommendations for professional practice are also provided.
36 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined trends and causes of Fe deficiency anemia prevalence and Fe deficiency-related mortality rates in the total US population between 1999 and 2018, and found that the increased prevalence of estimated anemia in the United States was likely related to the decline in dietary iron intake resulting from an Fe concentration decline in US food products and a shift in dietary patterns.
Abstract: Background Prevalence of iron deficiency anemia and its related mortality rate are on the rise in the United States and causes are unclear. Objectives The aim was to examine trends and causes of Fe deficiency anemia prevalence and Fe deficiency-related mortality rates in the total US population. Methods Changes in daily dietary Fe intake, serum iron concentration, hemoglobin, red cell distribution width (RDW), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) obtained from the laboratory files of NHANES, Fe deficiency anemia-related mortality rates from the CDC, and iron concentrations of US food products from the USDA between 1999 and 2018 were analyzed. Results Of food items with revised concentrations in USDA Nutrient Database for Standard Reference [SR28 (2015)], 62.4% had lower Fe concentrations than in SR11 (1999). There was a 15.3% reduction in beef (relatively higher in heme iron) and a 21.5% increase in chicken meat consumption in the American diet between 1999 and 2018. Dietary iron intake decreased by ∼6.6% and ∼9.5% for male and female adults, respectively. Increases of prevalence of estimated anemia in the United States ranged from 10.5% to 106% depending on age and sex. Age-adjusted mortality rates with iron deficiency anemia as the underlying cause of death increased from ∼0.04 to ∼0.08 deaths per 100,000 people, whereas all other anemias as the underlying causes of death decreased by ≥25%. Mean RDW and serum folate concentrations increased, whereas hemoglobin, serum iron concentrations, and MCV, parameters traditionally associated with Fe deficiency anemia, decreased during this period. Conclusions Increased iron deficiency anemia and related mortality rates in the US population between 1999 and 2018 were likely related to the decline in dietary iron intake resulting from an Fe concentration decline in US food products and a shift in dietary patterns.
29 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the current state of integrated science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM) education and conduct an extensive review of the literatur...
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the current state of integrated science, technology, engineering, arts, and mathematics (STEAM) education. We conducted an extensive review of the literatur...
26 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a survey revealed how librarians apply the ACRL Framework in their information literacy instruction, what barriers they encounter in applying the Framework, the lessons they have learned, and if they assess students' learning outcomes with the Framework.
17 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors utilized hierarchical multiple regression to understand the relationships between complex trauma, family environment, family cohesion, and resilience in 485 young adults aged 18-35, and found that family cohesion and resilience were correlated.
Abstract: The authors utilized hierarchical multiple regression to understand the relationships between complex trauma, family environment, family cohesion, and resilience in 485 young adults aged 18–35. The...
16 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, two stable cationic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-Zr-tcbp-Me and Zrtcpp-Me-were designed for possible use as adsorbent materials to remove 99TcO4-.
Abstract: The effective removal of radioactive 99TcO4- anion from nuclear wastewater remains a very difficult unsolved problem. Functional adsorbent materials with high stability, anion-exchange capacity, excellent selectivity, and recyclability are much needed to solve this problem. In this work, we designed two stable cationic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-Zr-tcbp-Me and Zr-tcpp-Me-for possible use as adsorbent materials to remove 99TcO4-. Both compounds were synthesized by solvothermal reactions of the tetracarboxylate ligand with zirconium salt, followed by postsynthetic modification (N-methylation). The crystallinity of both zirconium-based MOFs can be well retained under harsh conditions, and they exhibit high adsorption capacity and selectivity toward ReO4- anion, a nonradioactive analogue of 99TcO4-. Zr-tcbp-Me and Zr-tcpp-Me demonstrate the highest framework stability toward acidity among all previously reported cationic MOFs that have been tested for perrhenate removal from wastewater.
16 citations
TL;DR: The authors reveal that many school psychologists continue to employ cognitive profile analysis despite the long-standing history of negative research results from this class of practice. This begets t... and this leads to a...
Abstract: Surveys reveal that many school psychologists continue to employ cognitive profile analysis despite the long-standing history of negative research results from this class of practice. This begets t...
16 citations
TL;DR: Monte Carlo resampling was used to investigate the latent structure of four of the most widely used intelligence tests for children and adolescents and the results supported alternative conceptualizations from independent factor analytic research.
Abstract: Researchers continue to debate the constructs measured by commercial ability tests. Factor analytic investigations of these measures have been used to develop and refine widely adopted psychometric theories of intelligence particularly the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) model. Even so, this linkage may be problematic as many of these investigations examine a particular instrument in isolation and CHC model specification across tests and research teams has not been consistent. To address these concerns, the present study used Monte Carlo resampling to investigate the latent structure of four of the most widely used intelligence tests for children and adolescents. The results located the approximate existence of the publisher posited CHC theoretical group factors in the Differential Abilities Scales-Second edition and the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children-Second edition but not in the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fifth edition or the Woodcock-Johnson IV Tests of Cognitive Abilities. Instead, the results supported alternative conceptualizations from independent factor analytic research. Additionally, whereas a bifactor model produced superior fit indices in two instruments (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fifth edition and Woodcock-Johnson IV Tests of Cognitive Abilities), a higher order structure was found to be superior in the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children-Second edition and the Differential Abilities Scales-Second edition. Regardless of the model employed, the general factor captured a significant portion of each instrument's variance. Implications for IQ test assessment, interpretation, and theory are discussed.
16 citations
TL;DR: Although changes in landscape structure were expected to be the main driver of extinction rate of temperate zone ectotherms with ongoing global change, it is concluded that changes in water availability coupled with rising temperatures might have a drastic impact on the population dynamics of some ectotherm species.
Abstract: Behavioral thermoregulation is an efficient mechanism to buffer the physiological effects of climate change. Thermal ecology studies have traditionally tested how thermal constraints shape thermoregulatory behaviors without accounting for the potential major effects of landscape structure and water availability. Thus, we lack a general understanding of the multifactorial determinants of thermoregulatory behaviors in natural populations. In this study, we quantified the relative contribution of elevation, thermal gradient, moisture gradient, and landscape structure in explaining geographic variation in thermoregulation strategies of a terrestrial ectotherm species. We measured field-active body temperature, thermal preferences, and operative environmental temperatures to calculate thermoregulation indices, including thermal quality of the habitat and thermoregulation efficiency for a very large sample of common lizards (Zootoca vivipara) from 21 populations over 3 yr across the Massif Central mountain range in France. We used an information-theoretic approach to compare eight a priori thermo-hydroregulation hypotheses predicting how behavioral thermoregulation should respond to environmental conditions. Environmental characteristics exerted little influence on thermal preference with the exception that females from habitats with permanent access to water had lower thermal preferences. Field body temperatures and accuracy of thermoregulation were best predicted by the interaction between air temperature and a moisture index. In mesic environments, field body temperature and thermoregulation accuracy increased with air temperature, but they decreased in drier habitats. Thermoregulation efficiency (difference between thermoregulation inaccuracy and the thermal quality of the habitat) was maximized in cooler and more humid environments and was mostly influenced by the thermal quality of the habitat. Our study highlights complex patterns of variation in thermoregulation strategies, which are mostly explained by the interaction between temperature and water availability, independent of the elevation gradient or thermal heterogeneity. Although changes in landscape structure were expected to be the main driver of extinction rate of temperate zone ectotherms with ongoing global change, we conclude that changes in water availability coupled with rising temperatures might have a drastic impact on the population dynamics of some ectotherm species.
13 citations
TL;DR: Decker et al. as mentioned in this paper address conceptual and methodological shortcomings regarding conducting and interpreting intelligence test factor analytic research that appeared in the Journal of Intelligence Test Factor Analysis (JITFA).
Abstract: This article addresses conceptual and methodological shortcomings regarding conducting and interpreting intelligence test factor analytic research that appeared in the Decker, S. L., Bridges, R. M....
TL;DR: Gender-specific effects of welfare reform on skipping school, fighting, damaging property, stealing, hurting others, smoking, alcohol, marijuana, and other illicit drugs are identified.
Abstract: This study investigates effects of welfare reform in the United States on the next generation. Most previous studies of effects of welfare reform on adolescents focused on high-school dropout of girls or fertility; little is known about how welfare reform has affected other teenage behaviors or boys. We use a difference-in-difference-in-differences framework to identify gender-specific effects of welfare reform on skipping school, fighting, damaging property, stealing, hurting others, smoking, alcohol, marijuana, and other illicit drugs. Welfare reform led to increases in delinquent behaviors of boys as well as increases in substance use of boys and girls, with substantially larger effects for boys.
01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the nature of interdisciplinary work, including its strengths and weaknesses, and the ways in which it can enrich scholarship and practice in our field, and make our conceptions of giftedness less Western-centric.
Abstract: Interdisciplinary work is gaining recognition for its importance in theory development and empirical research, especially in the natural sciences. Arguably, gifted education needs interdisciplinary contributions even more than most fields because it addresses the immensely complex dynamics of the human mind. This analysis describes the nature of interdisciplinary work, including its strengths and weaknesses, and the ways in which it can enrich scholarship and practice in our field. Here are a few of many examples of productive interdisciplinary borrowing and applications to conceptions of giftedness: constructs from ethical philosophy and recent, more enlightened work in economics can magnify the importance of ethics and dissuade us from portraying selfish rational actors and accomplished ethnocentric leaders as highly gifted; warnings about sterile certainty from a prominent mathematician and the flight from reality in the human sciences from a leading political scientist can inoculate us against excessively precise, mechanistic measurements of human ability; findings from cultural anthropology can make our conceptions of giftedness less Western-centric; and discoveries in social epidemiology can show how widespread, chronic stress in severely unequal societies hides giftedness in deprived populations while severely distorting it in the privileged. Finally, this chapter concludes with recommendations for strengthening interdisciplinary work in scholarship on giftedness and talent development.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used repeated forest inventory data, from temperate mixed forests of northeast China, to quantify two above-ground and five below-ground functions, tree species diversity, individual tree size variation (CVDBH) and functional trait composition of specific leaf area (CWMSLA), as well as stand age and abiotic conditions.
Abstract: High species diversity is generally thought to be a requirement for sustaining forest multifunctionality. However, the degree to which the relationship between species-, structural-, and trait-diversity of forests and multifunctionality depend on the context (such as stand age or abiotic conditions) is not well studied. Here, we hypothesized that context-dependency of tree species diversity, functional trait composition and stand structural attributes promote temperate forest multifunctionality including above- and below-ground multiple and single functions. To do so, we used repeated forest inventory data, from temperate mixed forests of northeast China, to quantify two above-ground (i.e. coarse woody productivity and wild edible plant biomass), five below-ground (i.e. soil organic carbon, total soil nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus and sulfur) functions, tree species diversity, individual tree size variation (CVDBH) and functional trait composition of specific leaf area (CWMSLA) as well as stand age and abiotic conditions. We found that tree species diversity increased forest multifunctionality and most of the single functions. Below-ground single and multifunctionality were better explained by tree species diversity. In contrast, above-ground single and multifunctionality were better explained by CVDBH. However, CWMSLA was also an additional important driver for maintaining above- and below-ground forest multifunctionality through opposing plant functional strategies. Stand age markedly reduced forest multifunctionality, tree species diversity and CWMSLA but substantially increased CVDBH. Below-ground forest multifunctionality and tree species diversity decreased while above-ground forest multifunctionality increased on steep slopes. These results highlight that context-dependency of forest diversity attributes might regulate forest multifunctionality but may not have a consistent effect on above-ground and below-ground forest multifunctionality due to the fact that those functions were driven by varied functional strategies of different plant species. We argue that maximizing forest complexity could act as a viable strategy to maximizing forest multifunctionality, while also promoting biodiversity conservation to mitigate climate change effects.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the concept of the CW complex structure on an effective orbifold to detect torsion in its integral cohomology, which can be applied to well known classes of orbifolds or algebraic varieties having orbiffold singularities.
Abstract: The CW structure of certain spaces, such as effective orbifolds, can be too complicated for computational purposes. In this paper we use the concept of $\mathbf{q}$-CW complex structure on an orbifold, to detect torsion in its integral cohomology. The main result can be applied to well known classes of orbifolds or algebraic varieties having orbifold singularities, such as toric orbifolds, simplicial toric varieties, torus orbifolds and weighted Grassmannians.
TL;DR: In this paper, an updated model for progressing from brief to extended experimental analyses is presented. But, not all applications produce differentiated results, and factors such as interaction effects or methodological inefficiencies may compromise the likelihood of obtaining differentiated outcomes.
Abstract: Despite the utility of experimental functional analysis methodology, not all applications produce differentiated results. Factors such as interaction effects or methodological inefficiencies may compromise the likelihood of obtaining differentiated outcomes. Various studies have addressed methods to improve the efficiency of experimental functional analysis methodology (e.g., analysis of within-session responding). In the current study, we describe an updated model for progressing from brief to extended experimental analyses. The model incorporates several procedural refinements developed over the past 20+ years of experimental functional analysis research and additional conditions to confirm or annul findings. We present data for 20 participants who were referred for assessment and treatment of a variety of behavior problems (e.g., stereotypy, aggression, self-injury). We generally terminated the analyses when response patterns were consistent with established best-practice functional analysis methodology. Results showed conclusive interpretations were obtained for 100% of participants.
TL;DR: Although the field of school psychology has made progress toward the use of tests and assessment practices with empirical support over the past 20 years, many school psychology practitioners still... as discussed by the authors,.
Abstract: Although the field of school psychology has made progress toward the use of tests and assessment practices with empirical support over the past 20 years, many school psychology practitioners still ...
TL;DR: The Journal of Chemical Education announces a call for papers for an upcoming special issue on New Visions for Teaching Chemistry Laboratory as discussed by the authors, which will be published in the spring of 2019. But this call is open to any paper.
Abstract: The Journal of Chemical Education announces a call for papers for an upcoming special issue on New Visions for Teaching Chemistry Laboratory.
TL;DR: Mor and Dror Ze'evi as mentioned in this paper cover three dark pages in Anatolian history: the massacres of Armenians in 1894−1896, the Armenian genocide of 1915−1916, and the ethnic cleansing of Gr...
Abstract: This volume by Benny Morris and Dror Ze’evi covers three dark pages in Anatolian history: the massacres of Armenians in 1894–1896, the Armenian genocide of 1915–1916, and the ethnic cleansing of Gr...
21 Apr 2021
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the applications of cryptography in the context of databases and offered suggestions to enhance security and privacy in IOT devices. But not everyone is aware of it.
Abstract: Cryptography is the foundation and core of network security. Privacy protection, sensitive information is particularly important, so whether it is system development or app development, as long as there is network communication. As data plays very critical steps for IOT devices it's very crucial that cryptography applied to the databases as well. A lot of information needs to be encrypted to prevent interception and tampering. Many people use cryptography on a daily basis, not everyone is aware of it. This paper investigates the applications of cryptography in the context of databases and offers suggestions to enhance security and privacy.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined whether meaningfulness of work and family predicts one's tendency to manage work/life outcomes and found that meaningfulness influences all work-family outcomes while intra-personal congruence in work and home predicts more work enrichment of family and less strain-based workfamily conflict.
Abstract: There are arguably great benefits when employees experience a sense of meaning across life domains. The current study examined whether meaningfulness of work and family predicts one’s tendency to manage work/life outcomes. A total of 386 participants reported the sense of meaningfulness they derived from work and family responsibilities. Analyses explored how individuals’ relative ratings of work and family meaningfulness, as well as the similarity of these perceptions with those of their partners, affect work-family conflict, balance, and enrichment. Results showed that meaningfulness of work influences all work-family outcomes while intra-personal congruence in work and home predicts more work enrichment of family and less strain-based work-family conflict. Congruence between partners work meaning further predicted less strain and behavior based work-family conflict and less work-family balance. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, and future directions offered.
TL;DR: This article investigated the stability of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fifth Edition (WISC-V) scores for 225 children and adolescents from an outpatient neuropsychological clinic across the US.
Abstract: This study investigated the stability of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children–Fifth Edition (WISC-V) scores for 225 children and adolescents from an outpatient neuropsychological clinic across,
Daniel S. Falster1, Rachael V. Gallagher2, Elizabeth Wenk1, Ian J. Wright2 +190 more•Institutions (63)
TL;DR: The AusTraits database as mentioned in this paper is a collection of measurements of plant traits for taxa in the Australian flora, including physiological measures of performance (e.g. photosynthetic gas exchange, water-use efficiency) to morphological parameters (ee. g., leaf area, seed mass, plant height) which link to aspects of ecological variation.
Abstract: We introduce the AusTraits database - a compilation of measurements of plant traits for taxa in the Australian flora (hereafter AusTraits). AusTraits synthesises data on 375 traits across 29230 taxa from field campaigns, published literature, taxonomic monographs, and individual taxa descriptions. Traits vary in scope from physiological measures of performance (e.g. photosynthetic gas exchange, water-use efficiency) to morphological parameters (e.g. leaf area, seed mass, plant height) which link to aspects of ecological variation. AusTraits contains curated and harmonised individual-, species- and genus-level observations coupled to, where available, contextual information on site properties. This data descriptor provides information on version 2.1.0 of AusTraits which contains data for 937243 trait-by-taxa combinations. We envision AusTraits as an ongoing collaborative initiative for easily archiving and sharing trait data to increase our collective understanding of the Australian flora.
TL;DR: This article examined gender differences associated with bridge employment using a sample of American workers aged 50 and older, and found that gender differences and similarities were found in reasons why workers retired from their main job.
Abstract: This paper examined gender differences associated with bridge employment using a sample of American workers aged 50 and older. Gender role theory and gendered life course retirement models informed this research. Gender differences and similarities were found in reasons why workers retired from their main job. Logistic regressions indicated that men and women who had health care benefits available at work and men with lower family incomes were more likely to be pursuing bridge employment. Work interfering with family was related to a decreased likelihood of bridge employment for men and women, while work-family synergy was positively related to bridge employment for men. Health variables (self-rated health and mental health) were unrelated to bridge employment. Finally, gender and marital status interacted to predict engagement in bridge employment. Policy implications are discussed including the notion that working beyond retirement represents a new and complex career stage.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used data from 1620 Rd temperature response curves of 10 temperate and boreal tree species in a long-term field experiment in Minnesota, USA to assess how the observed nearly complete acclimation of R20 was related to past temperatures during periods of differing lengths.
Abstract: Plants often adjust their leaf mitochondrial ("dark") respiration (Rd ) measured at a standardized temperature such as 20°C (R20 ) downward after experiencing warmer temperatures and upward after experiencing cooler temperatures. These responses may help leaves maintain advantageous photosynthetic capacity and/or be a response to recent photosynthate accumulation, and can occur within days after a change in thermal regime. It is not clear, however, how the sensitivity and magnitude of this response change over time, or which time period prior to a given measurement best predicts R20 . Nor is it known whether nighttime, daytime, or 24-hour temperatures should be most influential. To address these issues, we used data from 1620 Rd temperature response curves of 10 temperate and boreal tree species in a long-term field experiment in Minnesota, USA to assess how the observed nearly complete acclimation of R20 was related to past temperatures during periods of differing lengths. We hypothesized that R20 would be best related to prior midday temperatures associated with both photosynthetic biochemistry and peak carbon uptake rates that drive carbohydrate accumulation. Inconsistent with this hypothesis, prior night temperatures were the best predictors of R20 for all species. We had also hypothesized that recent (prior 3-10 days) temperatures should best predict R20 because they likely have stronger residual impacts on leaf-level physiology than periods extending further back in time, whereas a prior 1- to 2-day period might be a span shorter than one to which photosynthetic capacity and Rd adjust. There was little to no support for this idea, as for angiosperms, long time windows (prior 30-60 nights) were the best predictors, while for gymnosperms both near-term (prior 3-8 nights for pines, prior 10-14 nights for spruce/fir) and longer-term periods (prior 45 nights) were the best predictors. The importance of nighttime temperatures, the relatively long "time-averaging" that best explained acclimation, and dual peaks of temporal acclimation responsiveness in some species were all results that were unanticipated.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the demographic and genetic variation in 42 wild populations of the Western oviparous subclade B2 of a cold-adapted lizard (Zootoca vivipara louislantzi).
Abstract: AIM: Determining whether altitudinal shifts in species distributions leave molecular footprints on wild populations along their range margins from rear to leading edge. LOCATION: South‐west France. METHODS: We compared the demographic and genetic variation in 42 wild populations of the Western oviparous subclade B2 of a cold‐adapted lizard (Zootoca vivipara louislantzi). These populations can be divided into four ecological units across altitudinal clines in South‐west France (rear edge: 1,300 m above sea level). RESULTS: Within the rear edge were found the highest levels of inbreeding, genetic differentiation and evidence of interrupted gene flow compared to central or colonizing areas. Within the leading edge, altitudinal range expansion occurred over the last centuries and populations showed relatively low genetic diversity. These demographic and genetic trends were better explained by inhospitable (warm and dry) climate conditions and forest cover. MAIN CONCLUSIONS: This empirical evidence illustrates that molecular footprints of climate conditions and habitat quality on wild population trends can be perceived after recent events, which should be of particular importance to accurately understand and anticipate human‐induced global change on wild species and ecosystems.
TL;DR: The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth Edition (WISC-V) 10 subtest primary battery was evaluated across sex, age (6-8, 9-11, 12-14, 15-16, and 16-year-olds) and gender as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Measurement invariance of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth Edition (WISC-V) 10 subtest primary battery was evaluated across sex, age (6–8, 9–11, 12–14, and 15–16 year-olds), and ...
TL;DR: In this article, a range of blue intensity tree-ring parameters in eight conifer species (12 sites) from Tasmania and New Zealand for their dendroclimatic potential, and as surrogate wood anatomical proxies.
Abstract: . We evaluate a range of blue intensity (BI) tree-ring parameters in eight conifer species (12 sites) from Tasmania and New Zealand for their dendroclimatic potential, and as surrogate wood anatomical proxies. Using a dataset of ca. 10–15 trees per site, we measured earlywood maximum blue reflectance intensity (EWB), latewood minimum blue reflectance intensity (LWB) and the associated delta blue intensity (DB) parameter for dendrochronological analysis. No resin extraction was performed, impacting low frequency trends. Therefore, we focused only on the high frequency signal by detrending all tree-ring and climate data using a 20-year cubic smoothing spline. All BI parameters express low relative variance and weak signal strength compared to ring-width. Correlation analysis and principal component regression experiments identified a weak and variable climate response for most ring-width chronologies. However, for most sites, the EWB data, despite weak signal strength, expressed strong calibrations with summer temperatures. Significant correlations for LWB were also noted, but the sign of the relationship for most species is opposite to that reported for all conifer species in the Northern Hemisphere. DB performed well for the Tasmanian sites but explained minimal temperature variance in New Zealand. Using the full multi-species/parameter network, excellent summer temperature calibration was identified for both Tasmania and New Zealand ranging from 52 % to 78 % explained variance, with equally robust independent validation (Coefficient of Efficiency = 0.41 to 0.77). Comparison of the Tasmanian BI reconstruction with a wood anatomical reconstruction shows that these parameters record essentially the same strong high frequency summer temperature signal. Despite these excellent results, a substantial challenge exists with the capture of potential secular scale climate trends. Although DB, band-pass and other signal processing methods may help with this issue, substantially more experimentation is needed in conjunction with comparative analysis with ring density and quantitative WA measurements.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine how preservice music teachers navigate 21st-century skills in their lesson planning and field experiences, focusing on the Partn... and focus on the partn...
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine how preservice music teachers navigate 21st-century skills in their lesson planning and field experiences. Among the various skills, we focused on the Partn...