Institution
Rowett Research Institute
About: Rowett Research Institute is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Rumen & Population. The organization has 2986 authors who have published 4459 publications receiving 239472 citations.
Topics: Rumen, Population, Leptin, Amino acid, Adipose tissue
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Moderate folate deficiency in vivo is associated with a decrease in DNA stability, measured as increased DNA strand breakage and misincorporated uracil.
Abstract: The development of certain human cancers has been linked with inadequate intake of folates. The effects of folate deficiency in vivo on DNA stability (strand breakage, misincorporated uracil and oxidative base damage) in lymphocytes isolated from rats fed a diet deficient in folic acid was determined. Because the metabolic pathways of folate and other methyl donors are closely coupled, the effects of methionine and choline deficiency alone or in combination with folate deficiency were determined. Feeding male Hooded Lister rats a folate-free diet for 10 weeks created a moderate folate deficiency (25–50% (approx.) decrease in plasma, red blood cell and hepatic folate concentrations (P < 0.05) and a 20% rise in plasma homocysteine (P < 0.05)). Lymphocyte DNA strand breakage was increased successively in all groups after 4 weeks and 8 weeks on the diet (50–100% (approx.) after 8 weeks). Only low folate specifically and progressively induced uracil misincorporation throughout the study (100% (approx.) after 8 weeks). Neither folate deficiency nor choline/methionine deficiency altered oxidative DNA base damage. In summary, moderate folate deficiency in vivo is associated with a decrease in DNA stability, measured as increased DNA strand breakage and misincorporated uracil. © 2000 Cancer Research Campaign http://www.bjcancer.com
70 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that the ameliorative effects of clenbuterol in denervated rat muscles are due principally to a large increase in protein synthesis, which results from both an increase inprotein synthetic capacity and a normalised translational efficiency.
Abstract: Dietary administration of the anabolic agent, clenbuterol, has already been shown to inhibit or reverse denervation-induced atrophy in rat soleus muscles. We now show that the ameliorative effects of clenbuterol in denervated rat muscles are due principally to a large increase in protein synthesis. This results from both an increase in protein synthetic capacity and a normalised translational efficiency. The responses of innervated and denervated muscles are therefore fundamentally different, the changes in denervated muscles being reminiscent of the classical pleiotypic response of cells to growth factors.
70 citations
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TL;DR: It is demonstrated that adult‐like localization of gene expression for OB‐Rb and key appetite regulatory neuropeptides is established in the ovine hypothalamus before birth, which means the fetus possesses a central appetite regulatory neural network with the potential to respond to changes in nutrient supply, which could impact on energy balance regulation both before and after birth.
Abstract: In the adult, a hypothalamic neural network acts to maintain energy balance in response to nutritional feedback from the periphery. Although there is an immediate requirement for this system to be functional at birth, it is unknown whether the components of this central neural network are expressed in the developing brain before birth. We therefore examined in the fetal sheep hypothalamus during late gestation gene expression for leptin receptor (OB-Rb) and neuropeptides that regulate energy balance in the adult. Brains were collected from fetal sheep at 110 days (n = 12) and 140 days of gestation (n = 5) (term = 150 days) and gene expression was detected in all hypothalami using in situ hybridization with radiolabelled riboprobes for OB-Rb, neuropeptide Y (NPY), agouti-related peptide, pro-opiomelanocortin and cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART). All mRNAs were expressed in the arcuate nucleus of fetuses at both time points. Additional sites of mRNA expression were the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) for NPY, the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) and lateral hypothalamic area for CART, and the DMH, PVN and VMH for OB-Rb. We have therefore demonstrated that adult-like localization of gene expression for OB-Rb and key appetite regulatory neuropeptides is established in the ovine hypothalamus before birth. Thus, the fetus possesses a central appetite regulatory neural network with the potential to respond to changes in nutrient supply, which could impact on energy balance regulation both before and after birth.
70 citations
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TL;DR: Fluorescence in situ hybridization was used to quantitate bacteria growing in a three-stage continuous culture system inoculated with human faeces, and a marked increase in acetate formation and a reduction in butyrate production occurred when system retention time was reduced to 20 h, which correlated with reductions in the numbers of butyrates producing Roseburia.
70 citations
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01 Jan 196370 citations
Authors
Showing all 2986 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Sundeep Khosla | 115 | 544 | 55451 |
Andrew Collins | 100 | 684 | 40634 |
Harry J. Flint | 99 | 293 | 43712 |
Alan Crozier | 95 | 338 | 29741 |
William M. O'Fallon | 95 | 187 | 29373 |
John R. Speakman | 95 | 667 | 34484 |
Boris Zhivotovsky | 92 | 358 | 50297 |
Michael E. J. Lean | 92 | 411 | 30939 |
Nigel W. Bunnett | 91 | 348 | 31214 |
John D. Hayes | 86 | 257 | 33146 |
Ruth McPherson | 85 | 305 | 50535 |
Bernard Portmann | 85 | 326 | 26442 |
Olle Ljungqvist | 84 | 340 | 28386 |
Michael H. Hastings | 78 | 226 | 23486 |
Ronald J. Maughan | 78 | 360 | 18100 |