Rural Development Administration

About: Rural Development Administration is a government organization based out in Jeonju, South Korea. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Gene & Population. The organization has 4372 authors who have published 4919 publications receiving 94318 citations.

Roseomonas aerophila sp. nov., isolated from air

Abstract: An aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, motile, mesophilic bacterium, designated strain 7515T-07(T), was isolated from an air sample in the Taean region, Republic of Korea. The strain grew at 4-40 °C (optimum, 30 °C) and pH 5.0-9.0 (optimum, pH 7.0). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain 7515T-07(T) was related to members of the genus Roseomonas and had highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Roseomonas ludipueritiae 170/96(T) (96.7%). 16S RNA gene sequence similarity between strain 7515T-07(T) and Roseomonas gilardii ATCC 49956(T) (the type species of the genus Roseomonas) was 93.4%. Strain 7515T-07(T) contained Q-10 as the ubiquinone and C18:1ω7c and C19:0 cyclo ω8c as the dominant fatty acids (>10%). The polar lipid profile contained diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine and two unidentified aminolipids. The DNA G+C content was 73.0 mol%. Combined data from phenotypic, phylogenetic and chemotaxonomic studies demonstrated that strain 7515T-07(T) is a representative of a novel species of the genus Roseomonas, for which the name Roseomonas aerophila sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 7515T-07(T) (=KACC 16529(T)=NBRC 108923(T)).

Anthocyanin Extracts from Black Soybean (Glycine max L.) Protect Human Glial Cells Against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation by Promoting Autophagy

Abstract: Anthocyanins have received growing attention as dietary antioxidants for the prevention of oxidative damage. Astrocytes, which are specialized glial cells, exert numerous essential, complex functions in both healthy and diseased central nervous system (CNS) through a process known as reactive astrogilosis. Therefore, the maintenance of glial cell viability may be important because of its role as a key modulator of neuropathological events. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of anthocyanin on the survival of glial cells exposed to oxidative stress. Our results demonstrated that anthocyanin extracts from black soybean increased survival of U87 glioma cells in a dose dependent manner upon oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), accompanied by decrease levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). While treatment cells with anthocyanin extracts or OGD stress individually activated autophagy induction, the effect was significantly augmented by pretreatment cells with anthocyanin extracts prior to OGD. The contribution of autophagy induction to the protective effects of anthocyanin was verified by the observation that silencing the Atg5 expression, an essential regulator of autophagy induction, reversed the cytoprotective effect of anthocyanin extracts against OGD stress. Treatment of U87 cells with rapamycin, an autophagy inducer, increased cell survival upon OGD stress comparable to anthocyanin, indicating that autophagy functions as a survival mechanism against oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity in glial cells. Our results, therefore, provide a rationale for the use of anthocyanin as a preventive agent for brain dysfunction caused by oxidative damage, such as a stroke.

Dynamics of bacterial communities in rice field soils as affected by different long-term fertilization practices.

Abstract: Fertilization and the response of the soil microbial community to the process significantly affect crop yield and the environment In this study, the seasonal variation in the bacterial communities in rice field soil subjected to different fertilization treatments for more than 50 years was investigated using 16S rRNA sequencing The simultaneous application of inorganic fertilizers and rice straw compost (CAPK) maintained the species richness of the bacterial communities at levels higher than that in the case of non-fertilization (NF) and application of inorganic fertilizers only (APK) in the initial period of rice growth The seasonal variation in the bacterial community structure in the NF and APK plots showed cyclic behavior, suggesting that the effect of season was important; however, no such trend was observed in the CAPK plot In the CAPK plot, the relative abundances of putative copiotrophs such as Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria were higher and those of putative oligotrophs such as Acidobacteria and Plactomycetes were lower than those in the other plots The relative abundances of organotrophs with respiratory metabolism, such as Actinobacteria, were lower and those of chemoautotrophs that oxidize reduced iron and sulfur compounds were higher in the CAPK plot, suggesting greater carbon storage in this plot Increased methane emission and nitrogen deficiency, which were inferred from the higher abundances of Methylocystis and Bradyrhizobium in the CAPK plot, may be a negative effect of rice straw application; thus, a solution for these should be considered to increase the use of renewable resources in agricultural lands

Comparative Analysis of Flavonoids and Polar Metabolite Profiling of Tanno-Original and Tanno-High Rutin Buckwheat

Abstract: Rutin is an important indicator for evaluating the quality of buckwheat In this study, flavonoid biosynthesis was compared between two common cultivars (an original and a high-rutin line) of buckwheat, Fagopyrum esculentum Moench Transcriptional levels of the main flavonoid biosynthetic genes were analyzed by real-time PCR, and main flavonoid metabolites were detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); levels of gene expression varied among organs of the two cultivars Significantly higher transcription levels of most flavonoid biosynthetic genes, except FeFLS1, were detected in stems of the high-rutin line than in stems of the original line FeCHI and FeFLS2 genes also showed higher expression levels in seeds of the high-rutin cultivar In contrast, FePAL, FeC4H, Fe4CL1, FeCHS, FeF3H, FeF3′H, FeFLS2, and FeDFR were highly detected in the roots of the original line The HPLC results indicated 173-, 162-, and 177-fold higher accumulation of rutin (the primary flavonoid compound) in leav