Institution
Veterans Health Administration
Government•Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States•
About: Veterans Health Administration is a government organization based out in Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Veterans Affairs. The organization has 63820 authors who have published 98417 publications receiving 4835425 citations. The organization is also known as: VHA.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: In patients who presented with an acute coronary syndrome and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention, major adverse cardiovascular events occurring during follow-up were equally attributable to recurrence at the site of culprit lesions and to nonculprit lesions.
Abstract: A b s t r ac t Background Atherosclerotic plaques that lead to acute coronary syndromes often occur at sites of angiographically mild coronary-artery stenosis. Lesion-related risk factors for such events are poorly understood. Methods In a prospective study, 697 patients with acute coronary syndromes underwent three-vessel coronary angiography and gray-scale and radiofrequency intravascular ultrasonographic imaging after percutaneous coronary intervention. Subsequent major adverse cardiovascular events (death from cardiac causes, cardiac arrest, myocardial infarction, or rehospitalization due to unstable or progressive angina) were adjudicated to be related to either originally treated (culprit) lesions or untreated (nonculprit) lesions. The median follow-up period was 3.4 years. Results The 3-year cumulative rate of major adverse cardiovascular events was 20.4%. Events were adjudicated to be related to culprit lesions in 12.9% of patients and to nonculprit lesions in 11.6%. Most nonculprit lesions responsible for follow-up events were angiographically mild at baseline (mean [±SD] diameter stenosis, 32.3±20.6%). However, on multivariate analysis, nonculprit lesions associated with recurrent events were more likely than those not associated with recurrent events to be characterized by a plaque burden of 70% or greater (hazard ratio, 5.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.51 to 10.11; P<0.001) or a minimal luminal area of 4.0 mm 2 or less (hazard ratio, 3.21; 95% CI, 1.61 to 6.42; P = 0.001) or to be classified on the basis of radiofrequency intravascular ultrasonography as thin-cap fibroatheromas (hazard ratio, 3.35; 95% CI, 1.77 to 6.36; P<0.001). Conclusions In patients who presented with an acute coronary syndrome and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention, major adverse cardiovascular events occurring during follow-up were equally attributable to recurrence at the site of culprit lesions and to nonculprit lesions. Although nonculprit lesions that were responsible for unanticipated events were frequently angiographically mild, most were thin-cap fibroatheromas or were characterized by a large plaque burden, a small luminal area, or some combination of these characteristics, as determined by gray-scale and radiofrequency intravascular ultrasonography. (Funded by Abbott Vascular and Volcano; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00180466.)
2,649 citations
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University of Pittsburgh1, Kaiser Permanente2, University of Michigan3, University of Washington4, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre5, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust6, University College London7, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research8, Veterans Health Administration9, Monash University10
TL;DR: To evaluate the validity of clinical criteria to identify patients with suspected infection who are at risk of sepsis, a new model derived using multivariable logistic regression in a split sample was derived.
Abstract: RESULTS In the primary cohort, 148 907 encounters had suspected infection (n = 74 453 derivation; n = 74 454 validation), of whom 6347 (4%) died. Among ICU encounters in the validation cohort (n = 7932 with suspected infection, of whom 1289 [16%] died), the predictive validity for in-hospital mortality was lower for SIRS (AUROC = 0.64; 95% CI, 0.62-0.66) and qSOFA (AUROC = 0.66; 95% CI, 0.64-0.68) vs SOFA (AUROC = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.73-0.76; P < .001 for both) or LODS (AUROC = 0.75; 95% CI, 0.73-0.76; P < .001 for both). Among non-ICU encounters in the validation cohort (n = 66 522 with suspected infection, of whom 1886 [3%] died), qSOFA had predictive validity (AUROC = 0.81; 95% CI, 0.80-0.82) that was greater than SOFA (AUROC = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.78-0.80; P < .001) and SIRS (AUROC = 0.76; 95% CI, 0.75-0.77; P < .001). Relative to qSOFA scores lower than 2, encounters with qSOFA scores of 2 or higher had a 3- to 14-fold increase in hospital mortality across baseline risk deciles. Findings were similar in external data sets and for the secondary outcome.
2,639 citations
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TL;DR: A microarray is designed to detect and quantitate the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene sequences of most currently recognized species and taxonomic groups of bacteria and suggested that incidental environmental exposures play a major role in determining the distinctive characteristics of the microbial community in each baby.
Abstract: Almost immediately after a human being is born, so too is a new microbial ecosystem, one that resides in that person's gastrointestinal tract. Although it is a universal and integral part of human biology, the temporal progression of this process, the sources of the microbes that make up the ecosystem, how and why it varies from one infant to another, and how the composition of this ecosystem influences human physiology, development, and disease are still poorly understood. As a step toward systematically investigating these questions, we designed a microarray to detect and quantitate the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene sequences of most currently recognized species and taxonomic groups of bacteria. We used this microarray, along with sequencing of cloned libraries of PCR-amplified SSU rDNA, to profile the microbial communities in an average of 26 stool samples each from 14 healthy, full-term human infants, including a pair of dizygotic twins, beginning with the first stool after birth and continuing at defined intervals throughout the first year of life. To investigate possible origins of the infant microbiota, we also profiled vaginal and milk samples from most of the mothers, and stool samples from all of the mothers, most of the fathers, and two siblings. The composition and temporal patterns of the microbial communities varied widely from baby to baby. Despite considerable temporal variation, the distinct features of each baby's microbial community were recognizable for intervals of weeks to months. The strikingly parallel temporal patterns of the twins suggested that incidental environmental exposures play a major role in determining the distinctive characteristics of the microbial community in each baby. By the end of the first year of life, the idiosyncratic microbial ecosystems in each baby, although still distinct, had converged toward a profile characteristic of the adult gastrointestinal tract.
2,632 citations
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TL;DR: The presence of missense mutations in AD subjects in two highly similar genes strongly supports the hypothesis that mutations in both are pathogenic.
Abstract: A candidate gene for the chromosome 1 Alzheimer's disease (AD) locus was identified (STM2). The predicted amino acid sequence for STM2 is homologous to that of the recently cloned chromosome 14 AD gene (S182). A point mutation in STM2, resulting in the substitution of an isoleucine for an asparagine (N141l), was identified in affected people from Volga German AD kindreds. This N141l mutation occurs at an amino acid residue that is conserved in human S182 and in the mouse S182 homolog. The presence of missense mutations in AD subjects in two highly similar genes strongly supports the hypothesis that mutations in both are pathogenic.
2,616 citations
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TL;DR: Delirium was an independent predictor of higher 6-month mortality and longer hospital stay even after adjusting for relevant covariates including coma, sedatives, and analgesics in patients receiving mechanical ventilation.
Abstract: ContextIn the intensive care unit (ICU), delirium is a common yet underdiagnosed
form of organ dysfunction, and its contribution to patient outcomes is unclear.ObjectiveTo determine if delirium is an independent predictor of clinical outcomes,
including 6-month mortality and length of stay among ICU patients receiving
mechanical ventilation.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsProspective cohort study enrolling 275 consecutive mechanically ventilated
patients admitted to adult medical and coronary ICUs of a US university-based
medical center between February 2000 and May 2001. Patients were followed
up for development of delirium over 2158 ICU days using the Confusion Assessment
Method for the ICU and the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale.Main Outcome MeasuresPrimary outcomes included 6-month mortality, overall hospital length
of stay, and length of stay in the post-ICU period. Secondary outcomes were
ventilator-free days and cognitive impairment at hospital discharge.ResultsOf 275 patients, 51 (18.5%) had persistent coma and died in the hospital.
Among the remaining 224 patients, 183 (81.7%) developed delirium at some point
during the ICU stay. Baseline demographics including age, comorbidity scores,
dementia scores, activities of daily living, severity of illness, and admission
diagnoses were similar between those with and without delirium (P>.05 for all). Patients who developed delirium had higher 6-month
mortality rates (34% vs 15%, P = .03) and spent 10
days longer in the hospital than those who never developed delirium (P<.001). After adjusting for covariates (including age,
severity of illness, comorbid conditions, coma, and use of sedatives or analgesic
medications), delirium was independently associated with higher 6-month mortality
(adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 3.2; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-7.7; P = .008), and longer hospital stay (adjusted HR, 2.0;
95% CI, 1.4-3.0; P<.001). Delirium in the ICU
was also independently associated with a longer post-ICU stay (adjusted HR,
1.6; 95% CI, 1.2-2.3; P = .009), fewer median days
alive and without mechanical ventilation (19 [interquartile range, 4-23] vs
24 [19-26]; adjusted P = .03), and a higher incidence
of cognitive impairment at hospital discharge (adjusted HR, 9.1; 95% CI, 2.3-35.3; P = .002).ConclusionDelirium was an independent predictor of higher 6-month mortality and
longer hospital stay even after adjusting for relevant covariates including
coma, sedatives, and analgesics in patients receiving mechanical ventilation.
2,590 citations
Authors
Showing all 63886 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Michael Karin | 236 | 704 | 226485 |
Paul M. Ridker | 233 | 1242 | 245097 |
Eugene Braunwald | 230 | 1711 | 264576 |
Ralph B. D'Agostino | 226 | 1287 | 229636 |
John Q. Trojanowski | 226 | 1467 | 213948 |
Fred H. Gage | 216 | 967 | 185732 |
Edward Giovannucci | 206 | 1671 | 179875 |
Rob Knight | 201 | 1061 | 253207 |
Frank E. Speizer | 193 | 636 | 135891 |
Stephen V. Faraone | 188 | 1427 | 140298 |
Scott M. Grundy | 187 | 841 | 231821 |
Paul G. Richardson | 183 | 1533 | 155912 |
Peter W.F. Wilson | 181 | 680 | 139852 |
Dennis S. Charney | 179 | 802 | 122408 |
Kenneth C. Anderson | 178 | 1138 | 126072 |