Showing papers in "Advances in Nutrition in 2013"

TL;DR: Consumers should obtain their nutrients, antioxidants, bioactive compounds, and phytochemicals from a balanced diet with a wide variety of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and other plant foods for optimal nutrition, health, and well-being, not from dietary supplements.

TL;DR: A review of the current landscape of measurement tools available for assessing food security can be found in this paper, where the authors present a compendium and review of food security assessment tools in which they review issues of terminology, measurement, and validation.

TL;DR: Zinc has been very successfully used as a therapeutic modality for the management of acute diarrhea in children, Wilson’s disease, the common cold and for the prevention of blindness in patients with age-related dry type of macular degeneration and is very effective in decreasing the incidence of infection in the elderly.

TL;DR: This review provides a transdisciplinary overview of this field, including a description of types of resistant starches; factors in plants that affect digestion resistance; methods for starch analysis; challenges in developing food products with resistantStarches; mammalian intestinal and gut bacterial metabolism; potential effects on gut microbiota; and impacts and mechanisms for the prevention and control of colon cancer, diabetes, and obesity.

TL;DR: It is fair to conclude that the impact of zinc for health and disease will be at least as far-reaching as that of iron.

TL;DR: This paper proposes a framework for considering how the lived experience of household food insecurity may potentiate the development of chronic disease by activating the stress response among individuals at critical developmental periods in a food-impoverished environment.

TL;DR: This review presents recent research in the areas of magnesium and chronic disease, with the goal of emphasizing magnesium's role in disease prevention and overall health.

TL;DR: Evidence from reviewed research and the new research presented indicates that households with marginal food security should not be classified as food secure, as is the current practice, but should be reported in a separate discrete category.

TL;DR: Evidence suggesting that cranberries may decrease the recurrence of urinary tract infections is important because a nutritional approach to this condition could lower the use of antibiotic treatment and the consequent development of resistance to these drugs.

TL;DR: Benefits to blood pressure and bone health may occur at levels below current recommendations for potassium intake, especially from diet, but dose-response trials are needed to confirm this.

TL;DR: The published data show that the highest values of vitamin D are found in fish and especially in fish liver, but offal also provides considerable amounts ofitamin D, and the content in muscle meat is generally much lower.

TL;DR: This report, the first of its kind published since 2009, provides state and nationwide information on fruit and vegetable consumption, related policies, and associated environmental supports and provides “stories from the field” that describe success stories related to increasing availability of fresh produce around the country.

TL;DR: Interest in enhancing the MK content of dairy products through identification and selection of MK-producing bacteria in dairy fermentations is increased by emerging evidence that current dietary recommendations based on the classic role of vitamin K as an enzyme cofactor for coagulation proteins may not be optimal for supporting vitamin K requirements in extrahepatic tissues.

TL;DR: No clear evidence exists that 1 protein source results in higher diet-induced thermogenesis and promotes more beneficial changes in body weight and composition compared with other protein sources, however, data indicate that amino acid composition, rate of absorption, and protein/food texture may be important factors for protein-stimulated metabolic effects.

TL;DR: This poster discusses how obesity affects all ages, socioeconomic strata, and racial/ethnic groups, and incidence is highest in non-Hispanic blacks, followed by Mexican Americans.

TL;DR: Limited data indicate that proper insulin action is necessary to effectively mount a response to heat stress and minimize heat-induced damage, and nutritional interventions targeting increased insulin action may improve tolerance and productivity during heat stress.

TL;DR: In the hypercaloric glycogen-replete state, intermediary metabolites from fructose metabolism overwhelm hepatic mitochondrial capacity, which promotes de novo lipogenesis and leads to hepatic insulin resistance, which drives chronic metabolic disease.

TL;DR: Current knowledge about the important role of PPAR-α as a mediator of the metabolic response to nutritional and environmental factors is underlined.

TL;DR: By worsening blood lipids, contributing to obesity, diabetes, fatty liver, and gout, fructose in the amounts currently consumed is hazardous to the health of some people.

TL;DR: This review covers the anti-inflammatory roles of fibers using results from human epidemiological observations, clinical trials, and animal studies, finding no convincing evidence indicating higher efficacy of synbiotics compared with that of fiber alone.

TL;DR: This review focuses on malnutrition in essential minerals, including calcium (and vitamin D), iron, zinc, and copper, which commonly occur following popular bariatric procedures.

TL;DR: Understanding of recent observational, interventional, and experimental studies is presented, with the aim of providing some answers to the following question: Can n-3 FA intake modulate cognitive function during aging?

TL;DR: This review calls for a rational reevaluation of existing dietary recommendations that focus on minimizing dietary SFAs, for which mechanisms for adverse health effects are lacking.

TL;DR: A broad scientific consensus has emerged that there are no metabolic or endocrine response differences between HFCS and sucrose related to obesity or any other adverse health outcome.

TL;DR: It is concluded that fructose intake at normal population levels and patterns does not cause biochemical outcomes substantially different from other dietary sugars and extreme experimental models that feature hyperdosing or significantly alter the usual dietary glucose-to-fructose ratio are not predictive of typical human outcomes or useful to public health policymakers.

TL;DR: The measure used to delineate whether a household is food insecure is defined, the Core Food Security Module, based on 18 questions about a household's food situation, and 4 suggestions for how SNAP can maintain and even improve its effectiveness in alleviating food insecurity are suggested.

TL;DR: This review covers recent advances in the understanding of FA trafficking and its regulation and places an emphasis on branch points in these pathways and how alterations in FA trafficking contribute to NAFLD and related comorbidities.

TL;DR: All white vegetables, including white potatoes, provide nutrients needed in the diet and deserve a prominent position in food guides and should be included in the vegetable group.

TL;DR: Overall findings suggest that young people with DRCHCs may be at risk of endorsing disordered eating behaviors that may lead to diagnosis of an eating disorder and other health problems over the course of their treatment.