Showing papers in "Big Data & Society in 2021"
TL;DR: This study reviews 341 publications and proposes a conceptual grid to systematize different dimensions and connotations of data sovereignty, which alludes to a nuanced mixture of normative concepts such as inclusive deliberation and recognition of the fundamental rights of data subjects.
Abstract: New data-driven technologies yield benefits and potentials, but also confront different agents and stakeholders with challenges in retaining control over their data. Our goal in this study is to ar...
95 citations
TL;DR: The global spread of the novel coronavirus is affected by the spread of related misinformation, which makes populations more vulnerable to the disease through resista... as mentioned in this paper, which is called COVID-19 Infodemic.
Abstract: The global spread of the novel coronavirus is affected by the spread of related misinformation—the so-called COVID-19 Infodemic—that makes populations more vulnerable to the disease through resista...
87 citations
TL;DR: The proposed audit instrument yields an ethical evaluation of an algorithm that could be used by regulators and others interested in doing due diligence, while paying careful attention to the complex societal context within which the algorithm is deployed.
Abstract: In recent years, the ethical impact of AI has been increasingly scrutinized, with public scandals emerging over biased outcomes, lack of transparency, and the misuse of data This has led to a grow
85 citations
TL;DR: In response to growing concerns of bias, discrimination, and unfairness perpetuated by algorithmic systems, the datasets used to train and evaluate machine learning models have come under increased scrutiny as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: In response to growing concerns of bias, discrimination, and unfairness perpetuated by algorithmic systems, the datasets used to train and evaluate machine learning models have come under increased...
79 citations
TL;DR: Exploring algorithmic management as a sociotechnical concept, which reflects both technological infrastructures and organizational choices, it is discussed how algorithmmic management may influence existing power and social structures within organizations.
Abstract: The rapid development of machine-learning algorithms, which underpin contemporary artificial intelligence systems, has created new opportunities for the automation of work processes and management ...
69 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors assess the efficacy of two prebunking studies on the COVID-19 novel coronavirus and conclude that the pre-bunked studies are ineffective.
Abstract: Misinformation about the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is a pressing societal challenge. Across two studies, one preregistered (n1 = 1771 and n2 = 1777), we assess the efficacy of two ‘prebunking’ i...
65 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that digital personal data is increasingly framed as the basis of contemporary economies, representing an important new asset class, and that control over these data assets seems to explain the emergence and dom...
Abstract: Digital personal data is increasingly framed as the basis of contemporary economies, representing an important new asset class. Control over these data assets seems to explain the emergence and dom...
51 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the problem of detecting bot detections on social media platforms, and propose a method to detect bot detectors on Twitter, Facebook, and Reddit.
Abstract: Social bots – partially or fully automated accounts on social media platforms – have not only been widely discussed, but have also entered political, media and research agendas. However, bot detect...
39 citations
TL;DR: This work investigates how people make sense of Health Code (jiankangma), the Chinese contact tracing and risk assessment algorithmic sociotechnical assemblage, and probes how people accept or resist Health Code by examining their ongoing, dynamic, and relational interactions with it.
Abstract: Governments and citizens of nearly every nation have been compelled to respond to COVID-19. Many measures have been adopted, including contact tracing and risk assessment algorithms, whereby citize...
38 citations
TL;DR: Identification technologies like biometrics have long been associated with securitisation, coercion and surveillance but have also, in recent years, become constitutive of a politics of empowerment as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Identification technologies like biometrics have long been associated with securitisation, coercion and surveillance but have also, in recent years, become constitutive of a politics of empowerment
36 citations
TL;DR: Medical and public health professionals recommend wearing face masks to combat the spread of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19), while the majority of people in the United States support we...
Abstract: Medical and public health professionals recommend wearing face masks to combat the spread of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19). While the majority of people in the United States support we...
TL;DR: The stakes and complexity of online content moderation have been steadily raised over recent years, swelling from concerns about personal conflict in smaller communities to worries about effects of effects on larger communities.
Abstract: Over recent years, the stakes and complexity of online content moderation have been steadily raised, swelling from concerns about personal conflict in smaller communities to worries about effects o...
TL;DR: The article explores the concept of infodemics during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on the propagation of false or inaccurate information proliferating worldwide throughout the SARS-CoV-2 health crisis, and outlines several approaches currently being used to understand, describe, and model the phenomena of misinformation and disinformation.
Abstract: The article explores the concept of infodemics during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on the propagation of false or inaccurate information proliferating worldwide throughout the SARS-CoV-2 health ...
TL;DR: Making research data fair as well as FAIR is inextricably linked to concerns around the adequacy of data practices, which raises serious ethical, methodological and epistemic issues with the knowledge and evidence that are being produced.
Abstract: The paper problematises the reliability and ethics of using social media data, such as sourced from Twitter or Instagram, to carry out health-related research. As in many other domains, the opportu...
TL;DR: The political economy of techno-solutionist and blockchain discourses in the developing world is considered, using as its object of study blockchain projects in Pacific Island nations.
Abstract: The rise of blockchain as a techno-solution in the development sector underscores the critical imbalances of data power under ‘computational capitalism’ (Beller, 2018). This article will consider t...
TL;DR: It is suggested that this three-dimensional conceptual space can be used to map machine learning algorithmic projects in terms of the morality of their respective and constitutive ground-truthing practices, and may, in turn, serve as equipment for greater governance of machine learning algorithms and systems.
Abstract: This theoretical paper considers the morality of machine learning algorithms and systems in the light of the biases that ground their correctness. It begins by presenting biases not as a priori neg...
TL;DR: In this paper, the implications of viewing large-scale cultural heritage data as an economic resource were explored, with the focus on how to reuse the assets of Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museums to unlock new value.
Abstract: How can digitised assets of Galleries, Libraries, Archives and Museums be reused to unlock new value? What are the implications of viewing large-scale cultural heritage data as an economic resource...
TL;DR: It is argued that this “big data-driven” classification system should be read as political: it articulates a stance not only on what issues are or are not important in the U.S. public sphere, but also on who is considered a significant enough public to be adequately accounted for.
Abstract: Political campaigns increasingly rely on Facebook for reaching their constituents, particularly through ad targeting. Facebook’s business model is premised on a promise to connect advertisers with ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the social acceptability and governance of emotional artificial intelligence (emotional AI) in children's toys and other child-oriented devices is examined. And the authors conduct experiments to explore this, it conducts i...
Abstract: This article examines the social acceptability and governance of emotional artificial intelligence (emotional AI) in children’s toys and other child-oriented devices. To explore this, it conducts i...
TL;DR: The authors explore how the development and affordances of predictive analytics may impact how teachers and other educational actors think about and teach students and, more broadly, how soci..., more broadly.
Abstract: In this paper, we explore how the development and affordances of predictive analytics may impact how teachers and other educational actors think about and teach students and, more broadly, how soci...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that social media platforms' digital advertising revenues depend considerably on partnerships and that business partnerships are endemic and essential to the business of platforms, yet their role remains relati...
Abstract: Social media platforms’ digital advertising revenues depend considerably on partnerships. Business partnerships are endemic and essential to the business of platforms, yet their role remains relati...
TL;DR: Under the banner of data for good, companies in the technology, finance, and retail sectors supply their proprietary datasets to development agencies, NGOs, and intergovernmental organizations to provide information for good as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Under the banner of “data for good,” companies in the technology, finance, and retail sectors supply their proprietary datasets to development agencies, NGOs, and intergovernmental organizations to...
TL;DR: In this article, images from other platforms also can be collected and grouped, arrayed by similarity, and grouped by similarity scores, which can be used to group images from different platforms.
Abstract: Instagram is currently the social media platform most associated with online images (and their analysis), but images from other platforms also can be collected and grouped, arrayed by similarity, s...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present concrete knowledge of how different institutions exploit data presented an ongoing c... while many forms of data-driven surveillance are now a 'fact' of contemporary life amidst datafication.
Abstract: While many forms of data-driven surveillance are now a ‘fact’ of contemporary life amidst datafication, obtaining concrete knowledge of how different institutions exploit data presents an ongoing c...
TL;DR: Problems of trustworthiness in pervasive data research are reviewed and ways that pervasive data researchers can incorporate reflection on awareness and power within their research to support the development of trustworthy data science are proposed.
Abstract: Frequent public uproar over forms of data science that rely on information about people demonstrates the challenges of defining and demonstrating trustworthy digital data research practices. This p...
TL;DR: Looking at comparisons of emotional valence for different types of misinformation uncovered that misinformation related to “virus” and “conspiracy” had a more negative valence than “cures,” “vaccine,’ “politics,“ and � “other”.
Abstract: The spreading of COVID-19 misinformation on social media could have severe consequences on people's behavior. In this paper, we investigated the emotional expression of misinformation related to th...
TL;DR: The proliferation of digital data has been the impetus for the emergence of a new discipline for the study of social life: "computational social science" as discussed by the authors, which is founded on the notion of computational social science.
Abstract: The proliferation of digital data has been the impetus for the emergence of a new discipline for the study of social life: ‘computational social science’. Much research in this field is founded on ...
TL;DR: This article discusses the work of data practitioners enabling the repurposing of pathology samples extracted from patients for the conduct of ‘personal medicine’ – the authors' term to discuss the so-called old-fashioned treatment of patients – towards personalised medicine.
Abstract: One of the key features of the contemporary data economy is the widespread circulation of data and its interoperability. Critical data scholars have analysed data repurposing practices and other fa...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present leading-edge, interdisciplinary research that focuses on examining how health-related (mis-)information is circulating on social media and examine the role of social media in spreading misinformation.
Abstract: This special theme issue of Big Data & Society presents leading-edge, interdisciplinary research that focuses on examining how health-related (mis-)information is circulating on social media. In pa...
TL;DR: The Online Labour Index (OLI) as mentioned in this paper was launched in 2016 to measure the global utilisation of online freelance work at scale and has become a point of reference for sc...
Abstract: The Online Labour Index (OLI) was launched in 2016 to measure the global utilisation of online freelance work at scale. Five years after its creation, the OLI has become a point of reference for sc...