Showing papers in "Journal of Biological Chemistry in 1998"

TL;DR: In this paper, a histone H2AX species that has been phosphorylated specifically at serine 139 was found to be a major component of DNA double-stranded break.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that overexpression of PTEN, a putative tumor suppressor, reduced insulin-induced PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 production in human 293 cells without effecting insulin- induced phosphoinositide 3-kinase activation.

TL;DR: The MEK affinity of U0126, its selectivity for MEK over other kinases, and its cellular efficacy suggest that this compound will serve as a powerful tool for in vitro and cellular investigations of mitogen-activated protein kinase-mediated signal transduction.

TL;DR: The Flk-1/KDR receptor and the PI3-kinase/Akt signal transduction pathway are identified as crucial elements in the processes leading to endothelial cell survival induced by VEGF, and inhibition of apoptosis may represent a major aspect of the regulatory activity of V EGF on the vascular endothelium.

TL;DR: Results indicate that although caspase-3 is not essential for TNF- or staurosporine-induced apoptosis, it is required for DNA fragmentation and some of the typical morphological changes of cells undergoing apoptosis.

TL;DR: The most striking difference has been observed in the sites and modes of ligand binding and signal generation, which not only manifests the diversity but also indicates the availability of numerous alternative approaches to clinical and industrial applications.

TL;DR: Because the responsibilities assigned to caveolae continue to increase, this review will focus on: (i) caveolin structure/function and (ii) Caveolae-associated signal transduction.

TL;DR: It is reported that α-synuclein binds to small unilamellarospholipid vesicles containing acidic phospholipids, but not to vesicular charges with a net neutral charge, consistent with a role in vesicle function at the presynaptic terminal.

TL;DR: The present study identifies the operation of a signal tranduction pathway in mammalian cells that provides a checkpoint control, linking amino acid sufficiency to the control of peptide chain initiation, indicating that mTOR is required for the response to amino acids.

TL;DR: One functional role of ZO-1 is to organize components of the tight junction and link them to the cortical actin cytoskeleton within the epithelial tight junction.

TL;DR: It is found that Tor, a phosphatidylinositol kinase homologue, is involved in the control of autophagy in the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and that a high concentration of cAMP is inhibitory for induction of Autophagy.

TL;DR: A fifth TRAIL receptor is identified, namely osteoprotegerin (OPG), a secreted tumor necrosis factor receptor homologue that inhibits osteoclastogenesis and increases bone density in vivo and is suggested to suggest potential cross-regulatory mechanisms by OPG and TRAIL.

TL;DR: The results suggest that, as in yeast, bZIP proteins are involved in mammalian UPR, acting through newly defined ERSE,acting through newlydefined ERSE.

TL;DR: The recent resolution of crystal structures of heterotrimeric G proteins in inactive and active conformations provides a structural framework for understanding their role as conformational switches in signaling pathways.

TL;DR: Structurally and expression data suggest that KIM-1 is an epithelial cell adhesion molecule up-regulated in the cells, which are dedifferentiated and undergoing replication, and may play an important role in the restoration of the morphological integrity and function to postischemic kidney.

TL;DR: It is hypothesized that the FLICE zymogen possesses intrinsic enzymatic activity such that when approximated, it autoprocesses to the active protease.

TL;DR: Exosomes are enriched in the co-stimulatory molecule CD86 and in several tetraspan proteins, including CD37, CD53, CD63, CD81, and CD82, and Interestingly, subcellular localization of these molecules revealed that they were concentrated on the internal membranes of multivesicular MIICs.

TL;DR: Glycogen synthase kinase-3 plays a critical role in regulation of apoptosis and represents a key downstream target of the PI 3-kinase/Akt survival signaling pathway.

TL;DR: New information suggests that receptor signaling and desensitization are in reality two intimately linked aspects of receptor function and that mechanisms previously viewed as “desensitizing” with respect to one signaling pathway may be “activating”with respect to another.

TL;DR: It is found that pairs (dimers) of aromatic side chain amino acids preferentially align their respective aromatic rings in an off-centered parallel orientation, which is referred to as parallel displaced pi-stacking and is consistent with ab initio and molecular mechanics calculations of benzene dimer.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that Rho negatively regulates eNOS expression and that HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors up-regulate eN OS expression by blocking Rho geranylgeranylation, which is necessary for its membrane-associated activity.

TL;DR: Results indicate that H+-induced conformational changes unmask a metal-binding site on Aβ that mediates reversible assembly of the peptide that explains the recently reported enrichment of these metal ions in amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that Bcl-2 plays an important role in mediating the survival activity of VEGF on endothelial cells, and overexpression of B cl-2 by means of transient biolistic transfection experiments of HUVE cells was sufficient to prevent endothelial Cells from apoptotic cell death in the absence of V EGF.

TL;DR: The results obtained with peptide-based inhibitors are in accord with those predicted from the substrate specificity studies described earlier, and the cowpox serpin CrmA is a potent and selective inhibitor of Group I and most Group III caspases, suggesting that this virus facilitates infection through inhibition of both apoptosis and the host inflammatory response.

TL;DR: In in vitro translation, LAT1 was shown to be a nonglycosylated membrane protein consistent with the property of 4F2 light chain, suggesting LAT1 is at least one of the proteins formerly referred to as 4F 2 light chain.

TL;DR: The results support the notion that Akt/PKB promotes cell survival, at least in part, by stimulating the expression of cellular genes via the CREB/CBP nuclear transduction pathway.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the activation of a receptor tyrosine kinase by binding of the corresponding growth factor may not be sufficient to increase the steady state level of protein tyrosines phosphorylation in cells and that concurrent inhibition of protein-tyrosine phosphatases by H2O2 might also be required.

TL;DR: It is shown that the PPARα and PPARγ forms are expressed in differentiated human monocyte-derived macrophages, which participate in inflammation control and atherosclerotic plaque formation and demonstrate a novel function of PPAR in human macrophage with likely consequences in inflammation and Atherosclerosis.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that TACE (tumor necrosis factor α converting enzyme), a member of the ADAM family (a disintegrinand metalloprotease-family) of proteases, plays a central role in regulated α-cleavage of APP.

TL;DR: Results indicate that the sister of P-glycoprotein is the major canalicular bile salt export pump of mammalian liver.