Showing papers in "Journal of Lipid Research in 2009"

TL;DR: Bile acids are able to induce FGF 19 in human hepatocytes, and the FGF19 autocrine pathway may exist in the human livers, andThe mechanism by which FXR/FGF19/FGFR4 signaling inhibits CYP7A1 remains unknown.

TL;DR: The International Lipid Classification and Nomenclature Committee under the sponsorship of the LIPID MAPS Consortium developed and established a "Comprehensive Classification System for Lipids" based on well defined chemical and biochemical principles and using an ontology that is extensible, flexible, and scalable as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the structure and interaction with substrate phospholipids, which resides in membranes for a representative of each of these main types of PLA2 enzymes.

TL;DR: Current knowledge of how bile acids regulate hepatic lipid and glucose metabolism through the activation of specific nuclear receptors and cell signaling pathways is summarized.

TL;DR: A short overview of the metabolism, localization, and compartmentalization of SLs is provided and a discussion on bioactive members of the SL family and inducers of SL enzymes that lead to ceramide generation will be presented.

TL;DR: Current understanding of the physiological role and regulation of these bile acid transporters is reviewed, including the recently indentified heteromeric organic solute transporter, OSTα-OSTβ.

TL;DR: The data suggest that intestinal epithelial cells may release LPS on chylomicrons from cell-associated pools, which may contribute to postprandial inflammatory responses or chronic diet-induced inflammation in chylomaticron target tissues.

TL;DR: The role of fatty acid metabolism and its key players, ACC1 and ACC2, in animal evolution and physiology, as related to health and disease is discussed.

TL;DR: Individuals with loss-of-function mutations in PCSK9 have reduced plasma levels of LDL cholesterol and are protected from CHD; these observations have validatedPCSK9 as a therapeutic target and suggested new approaches for the treatment and prevention of CHD.

TL;DR: Proposed measures of RCT in humans will be needed in order to confidently advance RCT-promoting therapies in clinical development, and suggest that the dynamic rate of macrophage RCT is more strongly associated with atherosclerosis than the steady-state plasma concentration of HDL cholesterol.

TL;DR: Recent discoveries call this paradigm into question and reveal as yet underappreciated functions for both COX and COX-2, indicating a role for these enzymes in pain, fever, inflammation, and tumorigenesis.

TL;DR: This review summarizes current thinking on the nature of lipid rafts focusing on the role of proteomics and lipidomics in understanding the structure of these domains and the contribution of single-molecule methods in defining the forces that drive the formation and dynamics of these membrane domains.

TL;DR: The structure, function, and regulation of lipolytic enzymes with a special emphasis on ATGL are focused on, which create the "lipolysome," a complex metabolic network that contributes to the control of lipid and energy homeostasis.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of proteins implicated in eicosanoid biosynthesis and signaling in human, mouse, and rat is presented, along with applications of the extensive genomic and lipidomic research to date.

TL;DR: A review of the major milestones in the cholesterol feedback story can be found in this paper, where the authors discuss the role of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) in cholesterol biosynthesis.

TL;DR: The prostanoids are a family of lipid mediators generated by the action of cyclooxygenase on a 20-carbon unsaturated fatty acid, arachidonic acid.

TL;DR: This review summarizes the lines of evidence on which the hypothesis of oxidative modification of LDL plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in animal models, its strengths, and its weaknesses.

TL;DR: In this paper, the detrimental effects of apoE4 in cardiovascular, neurological, and infectious diseases correlate with its structural features (e.g., domain interaction) that distinguish it from ApoE3 and apoEs2.

TL;DR: There is increasing evidence that oxidized phospholipids (OxPLs) play an important role in atherosclerosis. as mentioned in this paper showed that OxPL/apolipoprotein B has been shown to be a prognostic indicator and a separate risk factor for coronary events.

TL;DR: Soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) converts EETs to dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs), and sEH inhibition is being evaluated as a mechanism for increasing and prolonging the beneficial actions of EET's.

TL;DR: Methods that have been validated for the extraction, liquid chromatographic (LC) separation, identification and quantitation of sphingolipids by electrospray ionization, tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) and quadrupole-linear-ion trap (API 4000 QTrap, operating in QQQ mode) mass Spectrometers are described.

TL;DR: LPL and CD36 actions in various tissues coordinate biodistribution of fat-derived calories and are regulated by some of the same factors that regulate LPL, including insulin, muscle contraction, and fasting, in part, via ubiquitination.

TL;DR: In this paper, the role of phagocytic clearance of apoptotic macrophages, a process known as efferocytosis, in the dichotomous roles of macrophage apoptosis in early vs. advanced lesions was examined.

TL;DR: The data suggest that the rs738409 G allele is associated not only with fat accumulation in the liver but also with liver injury, possibly triggered by lipotoxicity.

TL;DR: The generalized endoplasmic reticulum compartment is a central site for membrane lipid biogenesis, and examples of the emerging relationships between alterations in lipid composition, regulation of membrane lipid biosynthesis, and cellular secretory function are discussed.

TL;DR: In this paper, a method for lipid species profiling of separated lipoprotein classes was developed for lipid class and species composition using fast performance liquid chromatography (FPLC) from 50 μl serum.

TL;DR: The role of bile acids in modulating the apoptosis process is reviewed, emphasizing the anti-apoptotic effects of UDCA and TUDCA, as well as their potential use as novel and alternate therapeutic agents for the treatment of apoptosis-related diseases.

TL;DR: While plants contain most of the components described above, and evidence for their role in cell signaling is progressively increasing, major differences between plants and the mammalian paradigms exist.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used MALDI to detect lipid-related ions from the direct analysis of thin tissue slices when sequential spectra are acquired across a tissue surface that has been coated with a MAL DI matrix.

TL;DR: There are two major pathways that mammalian cells use to supply themselves with cholesterol, one involving the synthesis of sterols from acetyl-CoA and the other the metabolism of cholesterol-rich lipoprotein particles via receptor-mediated endocytosis.